Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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America is in Americas.
After 15th February 1672 Charles Hotham (deceased) died in Bermudas.
Around 1663 Charles Hotham 4th Baronet was born to Charles Hotham (age 47) in Bermuda. He married (1) 25th April 1693 Bridget Gee and had issue (2) after 1701 Mildred Cecil Baroness Hotham, daughter of James Cecil 3rd Earl Salisbury and Margaret Manners Countess of Salisbury.
On 16th December 1776 William Tollemache (age 25) drowned when HMS Repulse sank in a hurricane off Bermuda.
On 7th November 1901 Frank Alexander Garforth (age 42) drowned while in command of the guardship H.M.S. Hotspur at Bermuda. He was found to have fallen into the sea, but "no evidence exists to shew how he got there." He was buried at the Royal Naval Cemetery, Ireland Island, Sandys Parish, Bermuda.
Royal Naval Cemetery, Ireland Island, Sandys Parish, Bermuda, Bermudas, Atlantic Islands, America, Americas
On 7th November 1901 Frank Alexander Garforth (age 42) drowned while in command of the guardship H.M.S. Hotspur at Bermuda. He was found to have fallen into the sea, but "no evidence exists to shew how he got there." He was buried at the Royal Naval Cemetery, Ireland Island, Sandys Parish, Bermuda.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th August 1671. To Council. The letters of Sir Thomas Modiford (age 51) were read, giving relation of the exploit at Panama, which was very brave; they took, burned, and pillaged the town of vast treasures, but the best of the booty had been shipped off, and lay at anchor in the South Sea, so that, after our men had ranged the country sixty miles about, they went back to Nombre de Dios, and embarked for Jamaica. Such an action had not been done since the famous Drake.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th October 1674. At Lord Berkeley's (age 46), I discoursed with Sir Thomas Modiford (age 54), late Governor of Jamaica, and with Colonel Morgan (age 39), who undertook that gallant exploit from Nombre de Dios to Panama, on the Continent of America; he told me 10,000 men would easily conquer all the Spanish Indies, they were so secure. They took great booty, and much greater had been taken, had they not been betrayed and so discovered before their approach, by which the Spaniards had time to carry their vast treasure on board ships that put off to sea in sight of our men, who had no boats to follow. They set fire to Panama, and ravaged the country sixty miles about. The Spaniards were so supine and unexercised, that they were afraid to fire a great gun.
John Evelyn's Diary. 29th June 1671. To Council, where were letters from Sir Thomas Modiford (age 51), of the expedition and exploit of Colonel Morgan (age 36), and others of Jamaica, on the Spanish Continent at Panama.
On 19th January 1671 Captain Henry Morgan Privateer (age 35) routed a superior Spanish force and captured Old Panama City.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th October 1674. At Lord Berkeley's (age 46), I discoursed with Sir Thomas Modiford (age 54), late Governor of Jamaica, and with Colonel Morgan (age 39), who undertook that gallant exploit from Nombre de Dios to Panama, on the Continent of America; he told me 10,000 men would easily conquer all the Spanish Indies, they were so secure. They took great booty, and much greater had been taken, had they not been betrayed and so discovered before their approach, by which the Spaniards had time to carry their vast treasure on board ships that put off to sea in sight of our men, who had no boats to follow. They set fire to Panama, and ravaged the country sixty miles about. The Spaniards were so supine and unexercised, that they were afraid to fire a great gun.