The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Chronicle of Gregory 1440 is in Chronicle of Gregory.
1440. Ande that year was the Parlyment concludyd, and ordaynyd that Lumbardys sholde goo to hoste. And that same year alyens were putte to her fynaunce to pay a certayne a year to the King. Also in the same year there were ij traytours hangyde on a payre of galowys that were made in Temys for the same purposse, be syde Syn Kateryns.
1440. And that same year there was a preste i-callyd Syr Rycharde Wyche and his servand brent atte the Tourehylle [Map], for the whyche there was moche trobil a-monge the pepylle, in soo moche that alle the wardys in London were assygnyd to wake there day and nyght that the pepylle might nought have her ylle purpose as at that tyme.
25th October 1440. Ande in that same year the Duke of Orlyaunce (age 45) made his othe at Westemyster and there uppon ressayvyde the blessyd sacrament on Cryspyn and Cryspynyan is day. And the Fryday aftyr Allehalowyn day he went towarde Fraunce, and whythe him he hadde Syr John Corneuale (age 34), knyght, and many othyr knyghtys and squyers.
1440. Ande that same year werre the barrys in Smethefylde [Map] newe made, for Syr Rycharde Woodevyle (age 55), knyght, was chalengyd of a knyght of Spayne for to donne certayne poyntys of armys in the felde.