The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham 1579-1642

Paternal Family Tree: Howard

Maternal Family Tree: Anne Morgan Baroness Hunsdon 1529-1607

In July 1563 [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 27] and [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 13] were married. They were half first cousin twice removed.

On 17th September 1579 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham was born to [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 43] and [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 29].

On 4th October 1581 Henry Wriothesley 2nd Earl of Southampton [aged 36] died. His son Henry [aged 7] succeeded 3rd Earl of Southampton. His wardship was sold by the Queen to her kinsman, [his father] Charles, Lord Howard of Effingham [aged 45], for £1000. Howard then transferred his wardship to William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley [aged 61].

In 1589 [his brother-in-law] Henry Fitzgerald 12th Earl of Kildare [aged 27] and [his sister] Frances Howard Countess Kildare were married. She by marriage Countess Kildare. She the daughter of [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 53] and [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 39]. He the son of Gerald "Wizard Earl" Fitzgerald 11th Earl of Kildare and Mabel Browne Countess Kildare [aged 53]. They were fifth cousin once removed.

On 19th May 1597 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 17] and Charity White were married. He the son of Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 61] and Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 47].

On 22nd October 1597 [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 61] was created 1st Earl Nottingham. [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 47] by marriage Countess Nottingham.

In 1601 [his brother-in-law] Henry Brooke 11th Baron Cobham [aged 36] and [his sister] Frances Howard Countess Kildare were married. She the daughter of [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 65] and [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 51]. They were third cousin once removed.

In 1603 William Howard 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham [aged 25] by writ of acceleration 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham. Since he predeceased his father some do not include him in the Barons Howard of Effingham hence his younger brother Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 23] is also referred to as the 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham.

On 25th February 1603 [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 53] died at Arundel House [Map]. She was buried in Chelsea Old Church on 25th April 1603.

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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In September 1603 [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 67] and [his step-mother] Margaret Stewart 1st Countess Nottingham [aged 12] were married. She by marriage Countess Nottingham. The difference in their ages was 55 years. She the daughter of James "The Bonnie Earl" Stewart 2nd Earl of Moray and Elizabeth Stewart 2nd Countess Moray. They were half fourth cousin twice removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

In 1604 [his brother-in-law] John Stewart 1st Earl Carrick [aged 38] and [his sister] Elizabeth Howard Countess Carrick [aged 39] were married. She the daughter of [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 68] and [his mother] Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham. He the son of Robert Stewart 1st Earl Orkney [aged 71] and Jean Kennedy Countess Orkney. They were half fifth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

On 18th December 1618 [his wife] Charity White died.

On 22nd April 1620 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 40] and Mary Cockayne 1st Countess Nottingham were married. She by marriage Countess Nottingham. She the daughter of William Cockayne [aged 59] and Mary Morris Countess Dover [aged 55]. He the son of Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 84] and Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham.

On 14th December 1624 [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 88] died. His son Charles [aged 45] succeeded 2nd Earl Nottingham, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham. [his wife] Mary Cockayne 1st Countess Nottingham by marriage Countess Nottingham.

Before 30th June 1627 [his half-brother] Charles Howard 3rd Earl Nottingham [aged 16] and [his sister-in-law] Arabella Smith Countess Nottingham were married. He the son of [his father] Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham and [his step-mother] Margaret Stewart 1st Countess Nottingham [aged 36].

In 1628 [his sister] Frances Howard Countess Kildare died.

In 1628 [his former brother-in-law] John Stewart 1st Earl Carrick was created 1st Earl Carrick. [his sister] Elizabeth Howard Countess Carrick [aged 63] by marriage Countess Carrick.

On 3rd October 1642 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 63] died. His half brother [his half-brother] Charles [aged 31] succeeded 3rd Earl Nottingham, 4th Baron Howard of Effingham. [his sister-in-law] Arabella Smith Countess Nottingham by marriage Countess Nottingham.

Royal Ancestors of Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham 1579-1642

Kings Wessex: Great x 15 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 13 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 19 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 14 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings Godwinson: Great x 17 Grand Son of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Great x 7 Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 14 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 22 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 16 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 19 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Ancestors of Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham 1579-1642

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Howard 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Howard 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Tendring

Great x 2 Grandfather: John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Mowbray Baroness Grey Ruthyn 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Moleyns

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Moleyns 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Beaumont 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Katherine Moleyns 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

GrandFather: William Howard 1st Baron Howard 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick Tilney

Great x 3 Grandfather: Philip Tilney

Great x 2 Grandfather: Hugh Tilney

Great x 1 Grandmother: Agnes Tilney Duchess Norfolk

Father: Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Gamage

GrandMother: Margaret Gamage Baroness Howard 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Oliver St John

Great x 3 Grandfather: John St John 7 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: John St John 8 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Bradshaigh

Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Bradshaigh

Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret St John 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Jenkyn ap Philip

Great x 3 Grandfather: Morgan ap Jenkin Lord of Langstone

Great x 2 Grandmother: Sybil of Lansgtone Manor

Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip Carey 3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Carey 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Christiana Orchard

Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Carey 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin Fulford

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anna Fulford

Great x 1 Grandfather: William Carey 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Winstone Churchill Spencer

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Spencer of Spencer Combe

Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Spencer 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund Beaufort 1st or 2nd Duke of Somerset Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor Beaufort Countess Ormonde 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Beauchamp Duchess Somerset 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

GrandFather: Henry Carey 1st Baron Hunsdon 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Geoffrey Boleyn

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Boleyn 8 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Ann Hoo 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl Wiltshire and Ormonde 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Butler 7th Earl Ormonde 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Butler 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Hankford Countess Ormonde 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Mary Boleyn 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Katherine Moleyns 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Howard Countess of Wiltshire and Ormonde 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick Tilney

Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Tilney Countess of Surrey 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cheney 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Mother: Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Morgan

GrandMother: Anne Morgan Baroness Hunsdon