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Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Paternal Family Tree: Townshend
On 29th May 1723 [his father] Charles Townshend 3rd Viscount Townsend (age 22) and [his mother] Audrey aka Etheldreda Harrison (age 15) were married.
On 28th February 1724 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend was born to [his father] Charles Townshend 3rd Viscount Townsend (age 23) and [his mother] Audrey aka Etheldreda Harrison (age 16).
On 21st June 1738 [his grandfather] Charles Townshend 2nd Viscount Townsend (age 64) died. His son [his father] Charles (age 37) succeeded 3rd Viscount Townsend, 3rd Baron Townshend of Lynn Regis in Norfolk, 5th Baronet Townshend.
In 1749 [his future wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton abeyance terminated 16th Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.
On 19th December 1751 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 27) and Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton were married. He by marriage Baron Ferrers of Chartley, Baron Compton of Compton in Warwickshire. She the daughter of James Compton 5th Earl of Northampton (age 64) and Elizabeth Shirley Countess Northampton. They were sixth cousins.
On 18th April 1753 [his son] George Townshend 2nd Marquess Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 29) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton. He married 24th December 1777 Charlotte Mainwaring Ellerker Countess of Leicester and had issue.
On 3rd October 1754 [his father-in-law] James Compton 5th Earl of Northampton (age 67) died. His brother George (age 62) succeeded 6th Earl of Northampton. His daughter [his wife] Charlotte succeeded 7th Baroness Compton of Compton in Warwickshire.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 19th January 1757 [his son] John Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 32) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
On or before 16th December 1757 [his daughter] Charlotte Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 33) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton. She died 16th December 1757.
On 12th March 1764 [his father] Charles Townshend 3rd Viscount Townsend (age 63) died. His son George (age 40) succeeded 4th George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend, 4th Baron Townshend of Lynn Regis in Norfolk, 6th Baronet Townshend. His son George succeeded 4th Viscount Townsend.
On 30th December 1767 [his son] Frederick Patrick Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 43) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
In 1768 [his son] Charles Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 43) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
In or before 1770 [his daughter] Caroline Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 45) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
In or before 1770 [his daughter] Frances Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 45) and [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
On 3rd September 1770 [his wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton died. Her son [his son] George (age 17) succeeded 17th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, 8th Baron Compton of Compton in Warwickshire.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 19th May 1773 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 49) and Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 21) were married. The difference in their ages was 27 years.
On 16th March 1776 [his daughter] Charlotte Townshend Duchess Leeds was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 52) and [his wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 24). She married 17th August 1797 her sixth cousin George William Frederick Osborne 6th Duke Leeds, son of Francis Osborne 5th Duke Leeds and Amelia Darcy 12th Baroness Darcy 9th Baroness Conyers, and had issue.
In 1777 [his daughter] Honoria Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 52) and [his wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 25).
On 24th December 1777 [his son] George Townshend 2nd Marquess Townshend (age 24) and [his daughter-in-law] Charlotte Mainwaring Ellerker Countess of Leicester (age 6) were married. He the son of George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 53) and [his former wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
In 1778 [his son] William Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 53) and [his wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 26).
On 11th September 1785 [his son] James Nugent Boyle Bernardo Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 61) and [his wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 33).
In 1787 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 62) and Georgiana Anne Poyntz (age 23) were married. The difference in their ages was 39 years.
On 27th October 1787 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 63) was created 1st Marquess Townshend. [his wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 35) by marriage Marchioness Townshend.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 5th March 1788 [his mother] Audrey aka Etheldreda Harrison (age 80) died.
On 7th May 1790 [his son-in-law] General William Loftus (age 38) and [his daughter] Elizabeth Townshend were married. She the daughter of George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 66) and [his former wife] Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
In 1794 [his son] William Townshend (age 16) died.
On 27th May 1796 [his son] Charles Townshend (age 28) died.
On 17th August 1797 [his son-in-law] George William Frederick Osborne 6th Duke Leeds (age 22) and [his daughter] Charlotte Townshend Duchess Leeds (age 21) were married. She by marriage Baroness Darcy of Knayth, Baroness Conyers. She the daughter of George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 73) and [his wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 45). He the son of Francis Osborne 5th Duke Leeds (age 46) and Amelia Darcy 12th Baroness Darcy 9th Baroness Conyers. They were sixth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
On 14th September 1807 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 83) died. His son George (age 54) succeeded 2nd Marquess Townshend, 5th Viscount Townsend, 5th Baron Townshend of Lynn Regis in Norfolk, 7th Baronet Townshend.
On 29th March 1819 [his former wife] Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend (age 67) died.
On 4th May 1851 [his former wife] Georgiana Anne Poyntz (age 88) died.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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Letters of Horace Walpole. The Opposition set out this winter with trying to call for several negotiations during the war; but the great storm which has so much employed us of late, was stirred up by Colonel Lyttelton; (5) who, having been ill-treated by the Duke, has been dealing with the Prince. He discovered to the House some innovations in the Mutiny-bill, of which, though he could not make much, the Opposition have, and fought the bill for a whole fortnight; during the course of which the world has got much light into many very arbitrary proceedings of the Commander-in-chief,(6) which have been the more believed too by the defection of my Lord Townshend's [his son] eldest son, who is one of his aide-de-camps. Though the ministry, by the weight of numbers, have carried their point in a great measure, yet you may be sure great heats have been raised; and those have been still more inflamed by a correspondent practice in a new Navy-bill, brought in by the direction of Lord Sandwich and Lord Anson, but vehemently opposed by half the fleet, headed by Sir Peter Warren, the conqueror of Cape Breton, richer than Anson, and absurd as Vernon. The bill has even been petitioned against, and the mutinous were likely to go great lengths, if' the admiralty had not bought off some by money, and others by relaxing in the material points.- We began upon it yesterday, and are still likely to have a long affair of it-so much for politics: and as for any thing else, I scarce know any thing else. My Lady Huntingdon,(8) the Queen of the Methodists, has got her daughter named for lady of the bedchamber to the Princesses; but it is all off again as she will not let her play at cards on Sundays. It is equally absurd on both sides, to refuse it, or to insist upon it.
(5) Richard, third son of Sir Thomas, and brother of Sir George Lyttelton: he married the Duchess-dowager of Bridgewater, and was afterwards made a knight of the Bath.
(6) William Duke of Cumberland. He was "Captain-general of the Forces," having been so created in 1745.-D.
(7) George Townshend, afterwards the first Marquis of that name and title.-D.
(8) Selina, daughter of Washington, Earl Ferrers, and widow of Theophilus, Earl of Huntingdon.
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[his daughter] Henrietta Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend and Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend.
Around 1767 [his daughter] Elizabeth Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend and Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton. She married 7th May 1790 General William Loftus and had issue.
[his daughter] Anne Townshend was born to George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend and Anne Montgomery Marchioness Townshend.
Kings Wessex: Great x 21 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 18 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 24 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 19 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 21 Grand Son of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 11 Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 20 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 27 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 22 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 25 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Townshend 
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Townshend 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jane Stanhope Baroness Berkeley 
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Roger Townshend 1st Baronet 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Nathaniel Bacon 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Bacon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Gresham 
Great x 1 Grandfather: Horatio Townshend 1st Viscount Townsend 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
GrandFather: Charles Townshend 2nd Viscount Townsend 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Joseph Ashe 1st Baronet
Great x 1 Grandmother: Mary Ashe Viscountess Townshend
Father: Charles Townshend 3rd Viscount Townsend 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Pelham 1st Baronet 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Pelham 2nd Baronet 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Walsingham Baroness Pelham Laughton 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Pelham 3rd Baronet 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Pelham 1st Baron Pelham of Laughton 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Sidney 1st Earl of Leicester 
9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Sidney 2nd Earl of Leicester 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Barbara Gamage Countess Leicester 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Lucy Sidney Baroness Pelham Laughton 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry "Wizard Earl" Percy 9th Earl of Northumberland 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Dorothy Percy Countess Leicester 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Dorothy Devereux Countess Northumberland 
7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
GrandMother: Elizabeth Pelham Viscountess Townsend 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard Jones of Stowey Somerset
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Jones
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Jones
George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Richard Harrison
GrandFather: Edward Harrison 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Villiers of Brokesby 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Edward Villiers
Great x 4 Grandmother: Audrey Saunders
Great x 2 Grandfather: George Villiers 4th Viscount Grandison 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John St John 
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Barbara St John 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Lucy Hungerford 
11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Audrey Villiers 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Francis Leigh
Great x 3 Grandfather: Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Egerton 
Great x 2 Grandmother: Mary Leigh Viscountess Grandison 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Boteler 1st Baron Boteler 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Villiers Baroness Boteler Brantfield
Mother: Audrey aka Etheldreda Harrison 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England