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Paternal Family Tree: Reginar aka Percy
Maternal Family Tree: Aoife ni Diarmait Macmurrough Countess Pembroke and Buckingham 1145-1188
Before 10th November 1341 [his father] Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 20) and [his mother] Mary Plantagenet Baroness Percy (age 21) were married. She by marriage Baroness Percy of Alnwick. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster (age 60) and [his grandmother] Maud Chaworth. They were half third cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 10th November 1341 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland was born to Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 20) and Mary Plantagenet Baroness Percy (age 21) at Alnwick Castle, Northumberland [Map]. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England.
In 1358 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 16) and Margaret Neville (age 28) were married. They were third cousin twice removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Around 1359 [his son] Ralph Percy was born to Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 17) and [his wife] Margaret Neville (age 29) at Alnwick Castle, Northumberland [Map]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England.
In 1362 [his mother] Mary Plantagenet Baroness Percy (age 42) died at Alnwick, Northumberland [Map].
Around 1362 [his son] Thomas Percy was born to Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 20) and [his wife] Margaret Neville (age 32) at Shrewsbury, Shropshire [Map]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England.
After 1362 [his father] Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 41) and [his step-mother] Joan Orreby Baroness Percy (age 13) were married. She by marriage Baroness Percy of Alnwick. The difference in their ages was 28 years.
On 20th May 1364 [his son] Henry "Hotspur" Percy was born to Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 22) and [his wife] Margaret Neville (age 35) at Alnwick Castle, Northumberland [Map]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England.
On 23rd April 1366 King Edward III of England (age 53) created new Garter Knights:
42nd Enguerrand de Coucy 1st Earl Bedford 1st Count Soissons (age 26).
43rd Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 24).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 18th May 1368 [his father] Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 47) died at Alnwick Castle, Northumberland [Map]. He was buried at Alnwick Abbey, Northumberland [Map]. His son Henry (age 26) succeeded 4th Baron Percy of Alnwick, 12th Baron Percy of Topcliffe. [his wife] Margaret Neville (age 39) by marriage Baroness Percy of Alnwick.
Around 1371 [his brother-in-law] Archbishop Alexander Neville (age 30) was appointed Archdeacon of Durham.
On 12th May 1372 [his wife] Margaret Neville (age 43) died.
In 1377 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 35) was created 1st Earl of Northumberland.
Around 1380 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 38) commissioned the construction of the massive stone keep at Warkworth Castle, Northumberland [Map].
In 1381 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 39) and Maud Lacy Countess Northumberland (age 38) were married. She by marriage Countess of Northumberland.
In 1387 [his son] Thomas Percy (age 25) died at Spain.
Froissart Book 13. Before 5th August 1388. When these three Scottish earls who were chief captains had made their enterprise in the bishopric of Durham and had sore overrun the country, then they returned to Newcastle and there rested and tarried two days, and every day they scrimmished. The earl of Northumberland's two sons were two young lusty knights and were ever foremost at the barriers to scrimmish. There were many proper feats of arms done and achieved: there was fighting hand to hand: among other there fought hand to hand the earl Douglas (age 30) and sir Henry Percy (age 46), and by force of arms the earl Douglas won the pennon of sir Henry Percy's, wherewith he was sore displeased and so were all the Englishmen. And the earl Douglas said to sir Henry Percy: 'Sir, I shall bear this token of your prowess into Scotland and shall set it on high on my castle of Dalkeith, that it may be seen far off.' 'Sir,' quoth sir Henry, 'ye may be sure ye shall not pass the bounds of this country till ye be met withal in such wise that ye shall make none avaunt thereof.' 'Well, sir.' quoth the earl Douglas, 'come this night to my lodging and seek for your pennon: I shall set it before my lodging and see if ye will come to take it away.' So then it was late, and the Scots withdrew to their lodgings and refreshed them with such as they had. They had flesh enough: they made that night good watch, for they thought surely to be awaked for the words they had spoken, but they were not, for sir Henry Percy was counselled not so to do.
Froissart Book 13. Before 5th August 1388. As at that time the earl of Northumberland and the other lords and knights of that country knew nothing of their coming. When tidings came to Newcastle and to Durham that the Scots were abroad, and that they might well see by the fires and smoke abroad in the country, the earl (age 46) sent to Newcastle his two sons [[his son] Henry "Hotspur" Percy (age 24) and [his son] Ralph Percy (age 29)] and sent commandment to every man to draw to Newcastle, saying to his sons: 'Ye shall go to Newcastle and all the country shall assemble there, and I shall tarry at Alnwick, which is a passage that they must pass by. If we may enclose them, we shall speed well.' Sir Henry Percy and sir Ralph his brother obeyed their father's commandment and came thither with them of the country. The Scots rode burning and exiling the country, that the smoke thereof came to Newcastle. The Scots came to the gates of Durham and scrimmished there; but they tarried not long but returned, as they had ordained before to do, and that they found by the way took and destroyed it. Between Durham and Newcastle is but twelve leagues English and a good country: there was no town, without it were closed, but it was brent, and they repassed the river of Tyne where they had passed before, and then came before Newcastle and there rested. All the English knights and esquires of the country of York and bishopric of Durham were assembled at Newcastle, and thither came the seneschal of York, sir Ralph Lumley (age 28), sir Matthew Redman (age 60), captain of Berwick, sir Robert Ogle (age 36), sir Thomas Grey, sir Thomas Holton, sir John Felton, sir John Lilleburn, sir Thomas Abingdon, the baron of Hilton, sir John Coppledike and divers other, so that the town was so full of people that they wist not where to lodge.
Before 1393 [his son] Henry "Hotspur" Percy (age 28) and [his daughter-in-law] Elizabeth Mortimer Baroness Camoys (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl of Ulster and Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 2nd Countess Ulster. He the son of Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 51) and [his former wife] Margaret Neville. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 15th September 1397 [his son] Ralph Percy (age 38) died in the Holy Land.
Froissart Book 4 Chapter 95. 16th September 1398. Not long after this, the king of England (age 31) summoned a large council of the great nobles and prelates at Eltham [Map]. On their arrival, he placed his two uncles of Lancaster (age 58) and York (age 57) beside him, with the earls of Northumberland (age 56), Salisbury (age 48) and Huntingdon (age 46). The earl of Derby (age 31) and the earl marshal (age 30) were sent for, and put into separate chambers, for it had been ordered they were not to meet. The king showed he wished to mediate between them, notwithstanding their words had been very displeasing to him, and ought not to be lightly pardoned. He required therefore that they should submit themselves to his decision; and to this end sent the constable of England, with four great barons, to oblige them to promise punctually to obey it. The constable and the lords waited on the two earls, and explained the king's intentions They both bound themselves, in their presence, to abide by whatever sentence the king should give. They having reported this, the king said, "Well then, I order that the earl marshal, for having caused trouble in this kingdom, by uttering words which he could not prove otherwise than by common report, be banished the realm: he may seek any other land he pleases to dwell in, but he must give over all hope of returning hither, as I banish him for life. I also order, that the earl of Derby, our cousin, for having angered us, and because he has been, in some measure, the cause of the earl marshal's crime and punishment, prepare to leave the kingdom within fifteen days, and be banished hence for the term of ten years, without daring to return unless recalled by us; but we shall reserve to ourself the power of abridging this term in part or altogether." The sentence was satisfactory to the lords present, who said: "The earl of Derby may readily go two or three years and amuse himself in foreign parts, for he is young enough; and, although he has already travelled to Prussia, the Holy Sepulchre, Cairo and Saint Catherine's1, he will find other places to visit. He has two sisters, queens of Castillo (age 25) and of Portugal (age 38), and may cheerfully pass his time with them. The lords, knights and squires of those countries, will make him welcome, for at this moment all warfare is at an end. On his arrival in Castille, as he is very active, he may put them in motion, and lead them against the infidels of Granada, which will employ his time better than remaining idle in England. Or he may go to Hainault, where his cousin, and brother in arms, the count d'Ostrevant, will be happily to see him, and gladly entertain him, that he may assist him in his war against the Frieslanders. If he go to Hainault, lie can have frequent intelligence from his own country and children. He therefore cannot fail of doing well, whithersoever he goes; and the king may speedily recall him, through means of the good friends he will leave behind, for he is the finest feather in his cap; and he must not therefore suffer him to be too long absent, if he wish to gain the love of his subjects. The earl marshal has had hard treatment, for he is banished without hope of ever being recalled; but, to say the truth, he has deserved it, for all this mischief has been caused by him and his foolish talking: he must therefore pay for it." Thus conversed many English knights with each other, the day the king passed sentence on the earl of Derby and the earl marshal.
Note 1. The monastery on Mount Sinai. - Ed.
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Froissart Book 4 Chapter 96. After 19th October 1398. When the day of his exile drew near, he went to Eltham where the king (age 31) resided. He found there his father (age 58), the duke of York (age 57) his uncle, and with them the earl of Northumberland (age 56), [his son] sir Henry Percy (age 34) his son, and a great many barons and knights of England, vexed that his ill fortune should force him out of England. The greater part of them accompanied him to the presence of the king, to learn his ultimate pleasure as to this banishment. The king pretended that he was very happy to see these lords: he entertained them well, and there was a full court on the occasion. The earl of Salisbury (age 48), and the earl of Huntingdon (age 46), who had married the duke of Lancaster's daughter (age 35), were present, and kept near to the earl of Derby (age 31), whether through dissimulation or not I am ignorant. When the time for the earl of Derby's taking leave arrived, the king addressed his cousin with great apparent humility, and said, "that as God might help him, the words which had passed between him and the lord marshal had much vexed him; and that he had judged the matter between them to the best of his understanding, and to satisfy the people, who had murmured greatly at this quarrel. Wherefore, cousin," he added, "to relieve you somewhat of your pain, I now remit four years of the term of your banishment, and reduce it to six years instead often. Make your preparations, and provide accordingly." "My lord," replied the earl, "I humbly thank you; and, when it shall be your good pleasure, you will extend your mercy." The lords present were satisfied with the answer, and for this time were well pleased with the king's behaviour, for he received them kindly. Some of them returned with the earl of Derby to London. The earl's baggage had been sent forward to Dover, and he was advised by his father, on his arrival at Calais, to go straight to Paris, and wait on the king of France (age 29) and his cousins the princes of France, for by their means he would be the sooner enabled to shorten his exile than by any other. Had not the duke of Lancaster earnestly pressed this matter, like a father anxious to console his son, he would have taken the direct road to the count d'Ostrevant in Hainault.
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On 18th December 1398 [his wife] Maud Lacy Countess Northumberland (age 55) died.
On 16th April 1399 King Richard II of England (age 32) wrote his Last Will from which the following extracts are taken … Also we bequeath to our beloved nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 25) ten thousand marks and to our beloved brother Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 26) two thousand marks and to our beloved brother John Holland 1st Duke Exeter (age 47) three thousand marks and to our faithful and beloved William Scrope 1st Earl Wiltshire (age 49) two thousand marks ... we ordain and set aside for the fulfilment of all and singular the premises the sum of ninety-one thousand marks, of which sixty-five thousand marks are in the keeping of Sir John Ikelyngton and twenty-four thousand marks in the hands and keeping of our dear nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey.
Of this our royal testament we nominate make and depute executors the venerable fathers in Christ Bishop Richard Mitford, Bishop Edmund Stafford (age 55), Bishop Robert Tideman of Winchcombe, Bishop Thomas Merke and Bishop Guy Mone Aka Mohun; our beloved brother Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle, our nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey, our brother John Holland 1st Duke Exeter and William Scrope 1st Earl Wiltshire to each of whom we bequeath a gold cup of the value of twenty pounds and our beloved and faithful clerks Master Bishop Richard Clifford Keeper of our Privy Seal, Master Richard Maudeleyn, Master William Fereby and Master John Painter Ikelyngton clerks and John Lufwyk and William Serle laymen, to each of whom we will shall be paid their expenses and necessary costs while it shall happen that they or any of them are employed about the execution of our present last will, but according to the discretion of their said co-executors ...
Whom all and singular we have charged and charge that they shall do as much as in them is for the due execution and fulfilment of this our last will as they shall wish to answer before God. We create ordain depute and make overseers of this our will the reverend fathers in Christ Archbishop Roger Walden and Archbishop Richard Scrope (age 49), William bishop of Winchester and William abbot of the monastery of Westminster Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle our uncle and Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) our cousin.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
The Deposition of King Richard II. August 1399. So the earl [Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57)] set out without delay; he took his road as straight as he could for Conway, pondering, and full of care how he might take the king; thus he and his men travelled stoutly till he reached a very strong castle that they called Flint [Map]. He sent in an order on the part of Duke Henry to give up the fort to him, or all of them, without favour or respite, should be delivered over to death. So King Richard's people opened the gate to him through fear: he turned them out, and committed the keeping of it to a great party of his own men. In this castle that you have heard me call Flint [Map] was the king taken, as shall be related hereafter.
The Deposition of King Richard II. Then replied the earl, "Sire, let the body of our Lord be consecrated. I will swear that there is no deceit in this affair; and that the duke will observe the whole as you have heard me relate it here." Each of them devoutly heard mass:u then the earl without farther hesitation made oath upon the body of our Lord. Alas! his blood must have turned (at it), for he well knew to the contrary; yet would he take the oath,w as you have heard, for the accomplishment of his desire, and the performance of that which he had promised to the duke, who had sent him to the king.
Note u. The translator, in the course of his enquiries, not long since took this metrical history and compared it upon the spot with the castle of Conway. There he recognised the venerable arch of the eastern window of the chapel still entire, where must have stood the altar at which this mass was performed, when the fatal oath was taken. The chapel, in which Richard conferred with his friends, is at the eastern extremity of the hall.
Note w. Unfortunately this is not a solitary instance of such abominable depravity. Sir Emeric of Pavia, Captain of the castle of Calais, in 22 Edw. III swore upon the sacrament to Lord Geoffry Charney that he would deliver up that castle to him for 20,000 crowns of gold: but he communicated the secret to the King of England, and the French were foiled in their attempt. "A thing," says Barnes, "scarce credible among Christians;" though he obscurely adduces another case of the same nature in his own time. Too many more might be found to add to the melancholy list. It must be admitted that the abuse of absolution by the church perniciously weakened the effect of such bonds of conscience, and encouraged the crime; but some periods seem more particularly infected with these blots upon the page of history; and certainly the age in which the metrical history was written had been profligate in the highest degree, with regard to what Lydgate calls, "assured othes at fine untrewe."
Richard and Bolingbroke appear to have been both guilty of this species of perjury. The first is accused with having broken a corporeal oath, in the instance of his uncle, the Duke of Gloucester, and one of another description sworn to the Archbishop of Canterbury. Carte, ever ready to vindicate the king at all hazards, treats these accusations with contempt. "The substance of the charge," he says, "is either false, trifling, or impertinent." But it is easier to deny than to disprove: he has not attempted to make it clear that the allegations are untrue; and unless he could have done it, they can never be looked upon as "trifling or impertinent." They came indeed from Richard's enemies, who stuck at nothing which could blacken his character, or make him appear unworthy of his exalted station; but there is much in his own conduct which might dispose an impartial person to suspect, that these are not aspersions that could easily have been refuted, even at the time in which they were advanced. It may be inferred that he had imbibed no serious impressions of the solemnity of oaths from the levity of an observation made by him at the installation of Scroope, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, August 9, 1386. After that prelate had sworn to be faithful to the church according to the prescribed form, the king, in the hearing of all present, and apparently, as the Lichfield historian represents it, in the most idle manner observed to him, Certe, domini, magnum præstitisti juramentum [Truly, my lords, you have sworn a great oath.]. Without the slightest wish to overstrain the bearing of these words for the establishment of a point, I cannot but consider that they clearly admit of the interpretation which has been assigned to them.
Henry of Lancaster was also manifestly perjured as to the oaths upon the sacrament which he took at Doncaster and Chester, to assure the public of the unambitious views with which he designed to carry on his proceedings. If charity might incline us at first to believe, with Daniel,
"That then his oath with his intent agreed;"
a closer investigation of his temper and behaviour from his first setting foot on shore to his calling together the parliament, shews that his mind was bent upon a higher aim. The challenge of the Percys sent to him before the battle of Shrewsbury, and Scroope's manifesto tax him with perjury in the most unqualified manner.
The grossest perjury was lightly thought of, and unblushingly committed in England. The citizens of Lincoln were notorious for it; and the biographer of Spencer, Bishop of Norwich, commends him for the steps that he took to expel it from the courts of inquest. and assize in his diocese. Sir Roger Fulthorpe, one of the judges, was guilty of this offence; and all the members, peers, clergy, and commons, of the vindictive parliament of 1397, swore to observe every judgment, ordinance, and declaration made therein; and were afterwards as little mindful of their obligation as if it had never been entered into. "What reliance could be placed on such oaths," says Lingard, "it is difficult to conceive. Of the very men who now swore, the greater part had sworn the contrary ten years before; and as they violated that oath now, so did they violate the present before two years more had elapsed."
Not a little of this general depravity may be attributable, I fear, to the evil example and arbitrary authority of the king; who, when he found his power declining, more than ever adopted this injurious mode of securing the obedience of his subjects. At that time, as it is found at all other times, the frequent requirement of these sacred pledges lessened the respect due to them; and whether they were by the cross of Canterbury, or the shrine of Saint Edward, the Holy Evangelists, or the body of our Lord, they produced little or no impression; or they were deliberately undertaken with mental reservation, and rendered subservient to the purpose of the day.
Illustration 12. Jean Creton Chronicler. Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) swearing an oath in the Chapel of Conwy Castle [Map] with King Richard II of England (age 32), in black and red, looking on.
On 12th August 1399 King Richard II of England (age 32) negotiated with Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) at Conwy Castle [Map].
The Deposition of King Richard II. 12th August 1399. Then the earl went on board a vessel and crossed the water. He found King Richard, and the Earl of Salisbury (age 49) with him, as well as the Bishop of Carlisle. He said to the king,p "Sire, Duke Henry hath sent me hither to the end that an agreement should be made between you, and that you should be good friends for the time to come, — If it be your pleasure, Sire, and I may be heard, I will deliver to you his message, and conceal nothing of the truth; — If you will be a good judge and true, and will bring up all those whom I shall here name to you, by a certain day, for the ends of justice; listen to the parliament which you shall lawfully cause to be held between you at Westminster, and restore him to be chief judge of England, as the duke his fatherq and all his ancestors had been for more than an hundred years. I will tell you the names of those who shall await the trial. May it please you, Sire, it is time they should."
Note p. We are here supplied with some additional matter from the MS. Ambassades. Huntingdon, by command of the duke, sent one of his retinue after Northumberland with two letters, one for Northumberland, the other for the king. When he appeared before the king with seven attendants, he was asked by him, if he had not met his brother on the road? "Yes, Sire," he answered," and here is a letter he gave me for you." The king looked at the letter and the seal, and saw that it was the seal of his brother; then he opened the letter and read it. All that it contained was this, "My very dear Lord, I commend me to you: and you will believe the earl in every thing that he shall say to you. For I found the duke at my city of Chester, who has a great desire to have a good peace and agreement with you, and has kept me to attend upon him till he shall know your pleasure."2 When the king had read this letter, he turned to Northumberland, and said, "Now tell me what message you bring." To which the earl replied, "My very dear Lord, the Duke of Lancaster hath sent me to you, to tell you that what he most wishes for in this world is to have peace and agreement with you; and he greatly repents with all his heart of the displeasure that he hath caused you now and at other times; and asks nothing of you in this living world, save that it may please you to account him your cousin and friend; and that it may please you only to let him have his land; and that he may be chief judge of England, as his father and his predecessors have been, and that all other things of time past may be put in oblivion between you two; for which purpose he hath chosen umpires (juges) for yourself and for him, that is to say, the Bishop of Carlisle, the Earl of Salisbury, Maudelain, and the Earl of Westmorland; and charges them with the agreement that is between you and him. Give me an answer, if you please; for all the greatest lords of England and the commons are of this opinion." On which the king desired him to withdraw a little, and he should have an answer soon.1
The latter part of this speech contains an important variation from the metrical history, worthy of the artifice of the earl; but the opposite account of our eye-witness, confirmed in Richard's subsequent address to his friends, is doubtless the true representation. The writer of MS. Ambassades might be at this time at Chester; but admitting that he had been in the train of Northumberland on the journey, he could not have been present at the conference.
Note 2. Accounts and Extracts, II. p. 219.
Note 1. MS. Ambassades, pp. 134, 135. Mr. Allen's Extracts.
Note q. The style of the duke his father was, John, the son of the King of England, Duke of Guienne and Lancaster, Earl of Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester, Steward of England.2 " The word seneshal," says Rastall, "was borrowed by the French of the Germans; and signifies one that hath the dispensing of justice in some particular cases, as the High Steward of England;"1a the jurisdiction of his court, by the statute,2a" shall not pass the space of twelve miles to be counted from the lodgings of our Lord the King."
These "particular cases" would, however, have secured to him a power of exercising his vengeance upon the parties who are immediately afterwards named. But the request urged with such apparent humility was only a part of the varnish of the plot. He had not waited for Richard's consent, having already, within two days after his arrival at Chester, assumed the title upon his own authority. In Madox, Formulare Anglicanum, p. 327, is a letter of safe conduct from Henry to the prior of Beauval, dated from that place, August 10, 23 Richard II. in which he styles himself" Henry, Due de Lancastre,Conte de Derby, de Leycestre, de Herford, et de Northampton, Seneschal d'Angleterre."
He conferred the office upon Thomas, his second son, by patent dated October 8, 1399; constituting at the same time Thomas Percy Deputy High Steward during the minority of the prince.3a
Note 2. Cotton's Abridgement, p. 343.
Note 1a. Termes de la Ley. v. Sene
Note 2a. 13 Ric. II. St. 1. c. 3.
Note 3a. Rymer, Fœdera, VIII. p. 90.
Illustration 11. King Richard II of England (age 32), standing in black and red, meeting with Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) at Conwy Castle [Map].
On 13th October 1399 King Henry IV of England (age 32) was crowned IV King of England at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Earl Derby, Earl Lancaster, Duke Lancaster and Earl of Leicester merged with the Crown. Archbishop Thomas Fitzalan aka Arundel (age 46) officiated. Bishop Robert Braybrooke carried the sacraments and said mass.
The future King Henry V of England (age 13) carried the Sword Curtana. Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick (age 61) and/or John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset (age 26) carried a sword wrapped in red and bound with golden straps symbolising two-fold mercy. Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) carried the Lancaster Sword.
[his brother] Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester (age 56) carried the Steward's baton. Thomas Erpingham (age 44) carried a Sword.
Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford (age 21) was appointed Knight of the Bath. John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 10), John Arundell (age 33) and Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick (age 17) were knighted.
Archbishop Richard Scrope (age 49) attended.
After 7th January 1400. The names of the lords who were present at the said declaration are as follows:
Henry, prince of Wales (age 13).
Edmund, duke of York (age 58).
Edward, earl of Rutland (age 27).
Thomas, earl of Arundel (age 18).
John, earl of Somerset (age 27).
Edmund, earl of Stafford (age 21).
Henry, earl of Northumberland (age 58).
Ralph, earl of Westmorland (age 36).
[his brother] Thomas, earl of Worcester (age 57).
Michael, earl of Suffolk (age 39).
Richard, Lord Grey of Codnor (age 29).
Thomas, Lord Berkeley (age 48).
John, Lord Charlton.
Reginald, Lord Grey of Ruthin (age 38).
Thomas, Lord Camoys (age 49).
Thomas, Lord Furnivall (age 38).
Robert, Lord Scales (age 28).
John, Lord Beaumont.
William, Lord Willoughby (age 30).
Hugh, Lord Burnell (age 53).
William, Lord Ferrers of Groby (age 27).
William, Lord Bergavenny (age 57).
John, Lord Lovell (age 59).
Robert, Lord Harrington (age 44).
Richard Lescrope (age 73).
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On 14th September 1402 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 60) and his son [his son] Henry "Hotspur" Percy (age 38) lay in wait at Homildon Hill, Northumberland [Map] for the Scots to return from their laying waste to Northumberland. The Battle of Homildon Hill was a victory for the English forces whose longbowmen decimated the Scottish schiltrons. Henry Fitzhugh 3rd Baron Fitzhugh (age 44) fought for the English.
John Swinton was killed.
Thomas Dunbar 2nd Earl of Moray (age 31) and Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney (age 27) were captured.
Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 30) was wounded. King Henry IV of England (age 35) forbade the ransoming of Scottish prisoners so that he could concentrate on the Welsh. By doing so he created a rift with the Percy family who subsequently defected to Owain ap Gruffudd Glyndŵr (age 43).
William Stewart of Jedworth and Teviotdale (age 46) was executed by Henry "Hotspur" Percy having been captured.
John Stewart 1st of Dalswinton and Garlies (age 32) fought at the Battle of Homildon Hill.
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On 21st July 1403 King Henry IV of England (age 36), with his son the future King Henry V of England (age 16), defeated the rebel army of [his son] Henry "Hotspur" Percy (age 39) at the Battle of Shrewsbury at the site now known as Battlefield, Shrewsbury [Map]. King Henry V of England took an arrow to the side of his face. John Stanley (age 53) was wounded in the throat. Thomas Strickland (age 36) fought and was awarded £38 and two of the rebel Henry's horses. Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick (age 21) fought for the King. Walter Blount (age 55), the King's Standard Bearer, was killed by Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 31).
Thomas Wendesley (age 59), Edmund Cockayne (age 47) and Robert Goushill were killed.
Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford (age 25) was killed. His son Humphrey Stafford succeeded 6th Earl Stafford, 7th Baron Stafford.
Hugh Shirley (age 52) was killed; he was one of four knights dressed as King Henry IV of England.
Of the rebels, Henry "Hotspur" Percy, Madog Kynaston (age 43) and John Clifton were killed.
[his brother] Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester (age 60) was beheaded after the battle. Earl Worcester extinct.
Richard Vernon 11th Baron Shipbrook (age 48) was hanged. Baron Shipbrook forfeit.
John Rossall was killed. His sister Eleanor Rossall (age 26) inherited a half-share in the Rossall Shrewsbury [Map] estates.
John Massey (age 65) was killed.
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On 19th February 1408 Thomas Rokeby's (age 15) force of Yorkshire levies defeated the Percy army during the Battle of Bramham Moor bringing to an end the Percy rebellion.
Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 66) was killed. His body was afterwards hanged, drawn and quartered, his head being sent to London bridge and his quarters to diverse places. Earl of Northumberland, Baron Percy of Alnwick and Baron Percy of Topcliffe forfeit.
Thomas Bardolf 5th Baron Bardolf (age 38) was killed. Baron Bardolf of Wormegay in Norfolk had been forfeited in 1406 when Thomas Bardolf 5th Baron Bardolf was declared a traitor. It was restored on the 19th of July 1408 to his two daughters Anne Bardolf Baroness Cobham Sternborough (age 18) and Joan Bardolf (age 17) and their husbands William Clifford (age 33) and William Phelip (age 25) respectively.
The Abbot of Hailes Abbey [Map] was executed following the battle since he was wearing armour. Bishop Griffin Yonge (age 38), Bishop of Bangor, was captured, but wearing his vestments, he avoided execution.
Chronicle of Gregory. 1408. Ande that year the Erle of Northehumberlond (age 66) ande the Lord Bardoffe (age 38) were take in the Northe countre ande be-heddyd and quarteryd; and the hedde of the erle and the quartyr of the lord were brought unto Londyn Brygge.
Parliament Rolls Richard II. 33. Also, on the same Saturday [10 February 1397], a charter of the king made to the earl marshal touching his office of marshal of England, and the gold staff adorned with the emblem of the king's arms which he will carry in his office, was read and delivered to the said earl. The tenor of which charter follows:
The king to the same, greeting. Know that whereas recently by our letters patent of our special grace we granted to our beloved kinsman Thomas, Earl of Nottingham, the office of marshal of England, together with the name and honour of earl marshal, to have to him and his male heirs issuing from his body, with all the fees, profits, and appurtenances whatsoever pertaining in any way to the said office, in perpetuity; as is fully contained in the same letters. We, mindful of the gracious and laudable services often performed by the aforementioned earl, on either side of the sea, for the benefit and honour of us and our kingdom, at no small effort, cost, and charge to him; and wishing therefore to provide for the estate and honour of that earl, of our special grace have granted in our present parliament for us and our heirs to the same earl the said office, and the name, title, and honour of earl marshal of England, to have to him and his male heirs issuing from his body, together with all offices, commodities, profits and other appurtenances whatsoever, both in our courts and elsewhere, relating or pertaining in any way to the same office, in the same manner and as fully, freely, wholly, and peacefully as Thomas Brotherton, lately Earl of Norfolk and marshal of England, father of our beloved kinswoman Margaret Countess of Norfolk, [widow] of the aforesaid late earl, or Roger Bigod sometime Earl of Norfolk and marshal of England, or any other after the death of the same former earl, or the same present earl, had or held the said office of marshal of England in their time.
Willing further and granting for us and our heirs, that the office of marshal of our Bench before us, which John Wicks holds for the term of his life by our grant, and the office of marshal in our treasury which Richard Gascoigne holds for his life by grant of our beloved brother Thomas Earl of Kent, lately marshal of England, by our confirmation; and also the office of herald of the marshal before the steward and marshal of our household, which Guy Allesley holds for his life by grant of the lord Edward [III], late king of England, our grandfather, and by our confirmation; which offices after the death of the aforesaid John, Richard and Guy should revert to us and our heirs, after the death of the same John, Richard, and Guy shall remain to the aforementioned earl marshal, to have to him and his male heirs in perpetuity. And that the same offices, and all other offices in any of our courts and elsewhere, which pertained, and used to pertain to the said office of marshal of England in times past, shall be fully restored, annexed, and reunited to the said office of marshal of England in perpetuity. And that the same earl and his male heirs may give, grant, or confer those offices on any suitable persons freely and without hindrance as soon as they shall have fallen vacant by death, demise, resignation, surrender, or in any other way, notwithstanding any of our letters patent made to the contrary.
Considering also the vigour and nobility of that earl, and that he may in future the more fittingly and honourably perform and exercise the aforesaid office, we have granted for us and our heirs to the same present earl that he and his said male heirs, marshals of England, by virtue of their aforesaid office should have, carry, and bear, as well in the presence as in the absence of us and our heirs, a certain gold staff, with both ends enamelled in black, and with the emblem of our arms decorating the top of the said staff, and with the emblem of the arms of that earl decorating the bottom of the said staff; notwithstanding that the same present earl in his time, or the aforementioned former earls, or any other who had the said office of marshal of England before this time, used to carry or bear a wooden staff. Witnessed by these, the venerable fathers Thomas archbishop of Canterbury, primate of all England, Robert of London, William of Winchester, John of Ely, Edmund of Exeter, our chancellor, bishops; John of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Edmund of York, dukes, our beloved uncles; Henry of Derby, Edward of Rutland, Henry of Northumberland, earls; Reginald Grey of Ruthin, Ralph Neville, John Lovell, knights; Roger Walden, dean of York, our treasurer, [his brother] Thomas Percy, steward of our household, and others. Given by our hand at Westminster on 10 February 1397.
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William Ros 3rd Baron Ros Helmsley and Margaret Neville were married. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Parliament Rolls Richard II. 6. The following are assigned to be triers of petitions from Gascony and from other lands and countries overseas, and from the Channel Islands:
The archbishop of York.
The Bishop of Chester.
The Abbot of Waltham.
The Earl of Northumberland.
Lord Despenser.
John Hull.
Hugh Huls.
to act all together, or six of the aforesaid prelates and lords; consulting with the chancellor, treasurer, steward, and chamberlain, and also the king's serjeants when necessary. And they shall hold their session in the Marcolf Chamber.
And those who wish to submit petitions should hand them in between now and next Friday evening [26 January 1397].
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[his son] Alan Percy was born to Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland and Margaret Neville. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England.
Kings Wessex: Great x 9 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 8 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 13 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 9 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings England: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 8 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 5 Grand Son of Louis VII King Franks
Kings France: Great x 9 Grand Son of Robert "Pious" II King France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 13 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Percy 6th Baron Percy Topcliffe
Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry Percy 7th Baron Percy Topcliffe
Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Percy 9th and 1st Baron Percy
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Warenne 5th Earl of Surrey
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Marshal Countess Norfolk and Surrey
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor Warenne Baroness Percy Topcliffe
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh X of Lusignan V Count La Marche
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Lusignan Countess of Surrey
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England
GrandFather: Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Fitzalan 6th Earl of Arundel 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Fitzalan 7th Earl of Arundel 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Verdun Countess Arundel
Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Fitzalan 1st or 8th Earl of Arundel 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Mortimer 1st Baron Mortimer of Wigmore Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Mortimer Countess Arundel 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud de Braose
Great x 1 Grandmother: Eleanor Fitzalan Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Manfred III Marquess Saluzzo
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas I Marquess Saluzzo 5 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Marchioness of Saluzzo 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Alice Saluzzo Countess Arundel 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Father: Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Clifford
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Clifford
Great x 4 Grandmother: Sybil Ewyas
Great x 2 Grandfather: Roger Clifford
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Botreaux
Great x 3 Grandmother: Hawise Botreaux
Great x 4 Grandmother: Hawise Newmarche
Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Vipont
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Vipont Lord Westmoreland 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Sybil Ferrers 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabella Vipont 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Fitzgeoffrey
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabel Fitzjohn
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Bigod
GrandMother: Idonia Clifford Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard de Clare 6th Earl Gloucester 5th Earl Hertford 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas de Clare 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Lacy Earl Lincoln
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud Lacy Countess Gloucester and Hertford 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Quincy 3rd Countess Lincoln and Pembroke 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Maud Clare Baroness Clifford Baroness Welles 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Maurice Fitzgerald 2nd Lord Offaly
Great x 3 Grandfather: Maurice Fitzgerald 4th Lord Offaly
Great x 4 Grandmother: Juliana Granville Baroness Offaly
Great x 2 Grandmother: Juliana Fitzgerald 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Stephen Longespée Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Emmeline Longespée Baroness Offaly Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Emmeline Riddlesford
Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King John of England Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Henry III of England Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Aymer Angoulême I Count Angoulême
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême
Great x 1 Grandfather: Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso Barcelona II Count Provence
Great x 3 Grandfather: Raymond Berenguer Provence IV Count Provence
Great x 4 Grandmother: Gersenda II Sabran Countess Provence
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Savoy I Count Savoy
Great x 3 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Geneva Countess Savoy
GrandFather: Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Philip II of France 2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Louis VIII of France 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Capet Count of Artois Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso VIII King Castile
Great x 3 Grandmother: Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Plantagenet Queen Consort Castile Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Blanche Capet Queen Navarre 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Reginar VIII Duke Lower Lorraine I Duke Brabant
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Reginar II Duke Brabant Great Grand Son of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Metz Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Matilda Reginar Countess Saint Pol 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip Swabia
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie Swabia Duchess Brabant
Mother: Mary Plantagenet Baroness Percy Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Patrick Chaworth
Great x 1 Grandfather: Patrick Chaworth
GrandMother: Maud Chaworth
Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter Beauchamp
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Beauchamp
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Mortimer
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Beauchamp 9th Earl Warwick
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Maudit
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabel Maudit
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Beaumont
Great x 1 Grandmother: Isabella Beauchamp
Great x 4 Grandfather: Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Fitzgeoffrey
Great x 4 Grandmother: Aveline Clare Countess Essex
Great x 2 Grandmother: Maud Fitzjohn Countess Warwick
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Bigod 3rd Earl Norfolk
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabel Bigod
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Marshal Countess Norfolk and Surrey