The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Paternal Family Tree: Savage
Maternal Family Tree: Katherine de la Pole 1416-1488
Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester was born to [her father] Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage and [her mother] Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers.
On 14th May 1602 [her father] Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage [aged 16] and [her mother] Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers [aged 21] were married. She the daughter of [her grandfather] Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers [aged 37] and [her grandmother] Mary Kitson Countess Rivers [aged 35].
In 1613 [her father] Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage [aged 27] was created 1st Baron Darcy of Chiche. He the son-in-law of the last Baron of the 1513 creation [her grandfather] Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers [aged 48].
On 14th July 1615 [her grandfather] John Savage 1st Baronet [aged 65] died. His son [her father] Thomas [aged 29] succeeded 2nd Baronet Savage of Rocksavage in Cheshire. [her mother] Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers [aged 34] by marriage Lady Savage of Rocksavage in Cheshire.
On 5th July 1621 [her grandfather] Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers [aged 56] was created 1st Viscount Colchester with a special remainder to his grandson [her brother] John Savage 2nd Earl Rivers [aged 18]. [her grandmother] Mary Kitson Countess Rivers [aged 54] by marriage Viscountess Colchester
On 18th December 1622 John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester [aged 24] and Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester were married. She the daughter of Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage [aged 36] and Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers [aged 41]. He the son of William Paulet 4th Marquess Winchester [aged 63] and Lucy Cecil Marchioness Winchester. They were fourth cousins.
Before 1626 [her brother] John Savage 2nd Earl Rivers [aged 22] and [her sister-in-law] Catherine Parker [aged 28] were married. He the son of [her father] Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage [aged 39] and [her mother] Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers [aged 44].
On 4th November 1626 [her father] Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage [aged 40] was created 1st Viscount Savage. [her mother] Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers [aged 45] by marriage Viscountess Savage.
On 4th November 1626 [her grandfather] Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers [aged 61] was created 1st Earl Rivers with a special remainder to his grandson [her brother] John Savage 2nd Earl Rivers [aged 23]. [her grandmother] Mary Kitson Countess Rivers [aged 59] by marriage Countess Rivers.
The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel Volume 1 Chapters 1-60 1307-1342
The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel offer one of the most vivid and immediate accounts of 14th-century Europe, written by a knight who lived through the events he describes, and experienced some of them first hand. Covering the early decades of the Hundred Years’ War, this remarkable chronicle follows the campaigns of Edward III of England, the politics of France and the Low Countries, and the shifting alliances that shaped medieval warfare. Unlike later historians, Jean le Bel writes with a strong sense of eyewitness authenticity, drawing on personal experience and the testimony of fellow soldiers. His narrative captures not only battles and sieges, but also the realities of military life, diplomacy, and the ideals of chivalry that governed noble society. A key source for Jean Froissart, Le Bel’s chronicle stands on its own as a compelling and insightful work, at once historical record and literary achievement. This translation builds on the 1905 edition published in French by Jules Viard, adding extensive translations from other sources Rymer's Fœdera, the Chronicles of Adam Murimuth, William Nangis, Walter of Guisborough, a Bourgeois of Valenciennes, Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke and Richard Lescot to enrich the original text and Viard's notes.
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On 4th February 1629 [her father-in-law] William Paulet 4th Marquess Winchester [aged 70] died. His son [her husband] John [aged 31] succeeded 5th Marquess Winchester, 5th Earl Wiltshire, 5th Baron St John. Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester by marriage Marchioness Winchester.
Around 1630 [her son] Charles Paulet 1st Duke Bolton was born to [her husband] John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester [aged 32] and Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester. He married (1) 28th February 1652 Christian Freschville, daughter of John Freschville 1st Baron Frescheville and Sarah Harrington, and had issue (2) 12th February 1655 his fourth cousin once removed Mary Scrope 6th Marchioness Winchester, daughter of Emanuel Scrope 1st Earl of Sunderland and Martha Jeanes, and had issue.
In 1631 Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester died in childbirth. Her epitaph was written by John Milton [aged 22]...
An Epitaph on the Marchioness of Winchester
This rich Marble doth enterr
The honour'd Wife of [her husband] Winchester [aged 33],
A [her father] Viscount's [aged 45] daughter, an [her grandfather] Earls [aged 66] heir,
Besides what her vertues fair
Added to her noble birth,
More then she could own from Earth.
Summers three times eight save one
She had told, alas too soon,
After so short time of breath,
To house with darknes, and with death.
Yet had the number of her days
Bin as compleat as was her praise,
Nature and fate had had no strife
In giving limit to her life.
Her high birth, and her graces sweet,
Quickly found a lover meet;
The Virgin quire for her request
The God that sits at marriage feast;
He at their invoking came
But with a scarce-wel-lighted flame;
And in his Garland as he stood,
Ye might discern a Cipress bud.
Once had the early Matrons run
To greet her of a lovely son,
And now with second hope she goes, [ 25 ]
And calls Lucina to her throws;
But whether by mischance or blame
Atropos for Lucina came;
And with remorsles cruelty,
Spoil'd at once both fruit and tree:
The haples Babe before his birth
Had burial, yet not laid in earth,
And the languisht Mothers Womb
Was not long a living Tomb.
So have I seen som tender slip
Sav'd with care from Winters nip,
The pride of her carnation train,
Pluck't up by som unheedy swain,
Who onely thought to crop the flowr
New shot up from vernall showr;
But the fair blossom hangs the head
Side-ways as on a dying bed,
And those Pearls of dew she wears,
Prove to be presaging tears
Which the sad morn had let fall
On her hast'ning funerall.
Gentle Lady may thy grave
Peace and quiet ever have;
After this thy travail sore
Sweet rest sease thee evermore,
That to give the world encrease,
Shortned hast thy own lives lease,
Here besides the sorrowing
That thy noble House doth bring,
Here be tears of perfect moan
Weept for thee in Helicon,
And som Flowers, and som Bays,
For thy Hears to strew the ways,
Sent thee from the banks of Came,
Devoted to thy vertuous name;
Whilst thou bright Saint high sit'st in glory,
Next her much like to thee in story,
That fair Syrian Shepherdess,
Who after yeers of barrennes
The highly favour'd Joseph bore
To him that serv'd for her before,
And at her next birth much like thee,
Through pangs fled to felicity,
Far within the boosom bright
Of blazing Majesty and Light,
There with thee, new welcom Saint,
Like fortunes may her soul acquaint,
With thee there clad in radiant sheen,
No Marchioness, but now a Queen.
Letters of the Duke of Rutland. K. Duchess of Buckingham [aged 28], to her father, the Earl of Rutland [aged 53].
[1631,] April 16. Buckingham House.— "My Lord, I have made your excuse to both ther Majesties for your not being at ther first coming to Grinwiche, which thaye do excuse. This night they both supted att the gatthowse with my Lady Buckingham, where they hade a great supper. Your Lordship will to sonne here the great lose my Lord and Lady Savage has had in the death of my Lady Marques who dyed with an impostome in her checke, and the extreemety of that putt her m a fever. Shee was delivered before shee died of a deed boye. It was a great lose to her father [aged 45] and mother [aged 50] who takes it very hevelve. Mr. Mountague has come out of France. The Queene mother is wher shee was, and the younge Queene [aged 21] in great creedit with the Kinge [aged 30]; she was never so well in her life. Our Kinge Queene and Prince ar very well and so all yours. So humbly craving your blesing for us all. I take my leve.
Your Lordship's most obedient
unfortunat daughter
Postscript. I beseech you present my humble servis to my Lady. Signet.
In 1632 Gilbert Jackson [aged 37]. Portrait of Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester.
On 4th October 1633 [her former husband] John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester [aged 35] and Honora Burke Marchioness Winchester [aged 28] were married. She by marriage Marchioness Winchester. She the daughter of Richard Burke 4th Earl Clanricarde 1st Earl St Albans [aged 61] and Frances Walsingham Countess Essex. He the son of [her former father-in-law] William Paulet 4th Marquess Winchester and Lucy Cecil Marchioness Winchester.
On 30th April 1669 [her former husband] John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester [aged 71] and Isabella Stafford-Howard Marchioness Winchester were married. She by marriage Marchioness Winchester. She the daughter of William Howard 1st Viscount Stafford [aged 54] and Mary Stafford Countess Stafford [aged 49]. He the son of [her former father-in-law] William Paulet 4th Marquess Winchester and Lucy Cecil Marchioness Winchester. They were third cousin twice removed.
On 5th March 1675 [her former husband] John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester [aged 77] died. His son Charles [aged 45] succeeded 6th Marquess Winchester, 6th Earl Wiltshire, 6th Baron St John. Mary Scrope 6th Marchioness Winchester by marriage Marchioness Winchester.
Kings Wessex: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 15 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 8 Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 17 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 24 Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Savage
5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Savage of Frodsham
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Dorothy Vernon
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Savage
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Savage
5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Beaufort 2nd or 3rd Duke of Somerset
2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester
3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Hill
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Somerset
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Huntingdon
9 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Herbert 3rd Baroness Herbert Raglan
7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Woodville Countess Pembroke and Huntingdon
6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
GrandFather: John Savage 1st Baronet
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Manners
5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: George Manners 11th Baron Ros Helmsley
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Ros
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Manners 1st Earl of Rutland
4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas St Leger
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne St Leger Baroness Ros of Helmsley
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne York Duchess Exeter
2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Manners
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Paston
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Paston
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margery Brewes
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor Paston Countess Rutland
10 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Heydon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Bridget Heydon 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Boleyn
8 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Father: Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester
8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Darcy
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Darcy
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Darcy 1st Baron Darcy
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Wentworth 4th Baron Despencer
4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Wentworth Countess Bath
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Saye Baroness Despencer
8 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Darcy 2nd Baron Darcy
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John de Vere
4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford
5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Colbroke
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Vere Baroness Darcy Chiche
6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Trussell
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Trussell Countess of Oxford 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Donne 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
GrandFather: Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers
8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Rich
Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard Rich
Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Rich 1st Baron Rich
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Dinley
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Dinley
Great x 1 Grandmother: Frances Rich
Great x 4 Grandfather: Rowland Jenks
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Jenks
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Jenks Baroness Rich
Mother: Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers
9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Kitson
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Donnington of Stoke Newington
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Donnington Countess Bath
GrandMother: Mary Kitson Countess Rivers
11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Cornwallis
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Cornwallis
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cornwallis 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Jerningham
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Jerningham
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Bedingfield
Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne Jerningham
9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Drury
Great x 3 Grandmother: Bridget Drury 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Calthorpe
7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England