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Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Oscar Gustave Rejlander 1813-1875

Oscar Gustave Rejlander is in Photographers.

In 1813 Oscar Gustave Rejlander was born.

Around 1856 or 1860. Oscar Gustave Rejlander (age 43). Photograph of Julia Prinsep Jackson (age 9). Black and white albumen.

1862. Oscar Gustave Rejlander (age 49). Photograph of Alfred Tennyson 1st Baron Tennyson (age 52).

Before 1870. Possibly Oscar Gustave Rejlander (age 56). Photograph of Herbert Duckworth (age 56)..

Herbert Duckworth: In 1813 he was born. On 1st May 1867 he and Julia Prinsep Jackson were married at Tichurst, East Sussex, presumably at St Mary's Church, Ticehurst [Map]. The difference in their ages was 33 years. On 19th September 1870 he died from an undiagnosed internal abscess whilst he and his family were on hoiliday in Pembrokeshire. His wife Julia Prinsep Jackson was pregnant with their third child Gerald who was born six weeks later.

In 1875 Oscar Gustave Rejlander (age 62) died.