The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet 1650-1724

Paternal Family Tree: Garrard

1705 General Election

1708 General Election

In 1650 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet was born to [his father] John Garrard 2nd Baronet (age 36).

In 1686 [his father] John Garrard 2nd Baronet (age 72) died. His son [his brother] John (age 48) succeeded 3rd Baronet Garrard of Lamer.

On 31st July 1692 [his son] Samuel Garrard 5th Baronet was born to Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 42).

On 13th January 1701 [his brother] John Garrard 3rd Baronet (age 63) died without male issue. He was buried at St Helen's Church, Wheathampstead. His brother Samuel (age 51) succeeded 4th Baronet Garrard of Lamer.

On 3rd March 1701 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 51) was elected Alderman of Aldersgate Ward.

On 10th March 1701 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 51) was elected MP Amersham in a by-election.

On 14th November 1702 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 52) was elected MP Amersham in a by-election.

In 1704 [his son] Benet Garrard 6th Baronet was born to Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 54).

1705 General Election

On 1705 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 55) was elected MP Amersham in the 1705 General Election.

1708 General Election

On 1708 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 58) was elected MP Amersham in the 1708 General Election.

In 1709 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 59) was elected Lord Mayor of London.

In 1710 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 60) was elected Master of the Worshipful Company of Grocers.

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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On 10th March 1724 Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet (age 74) died. He was buried at St Helen's Church, Wheathampstead. His son Samuel (age 31) succeeded 5th Baronet Garrard of Lamer.

Ancestors of Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet 1650-1724

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Garrard

Great x 1 Grandfather: John Garrard

GrandFather: John Garrard 1st Baronet

Father: John Garrard 2nd Baronet

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Edward Barkham

Great x 2 Grandfather: Edward Barkham

Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Berney

Great x 3 Grandmother: Jane Frances Berney

Great x 1 Grandfather: Edward Barkham

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Rolfe

GrandMother: Elizabeth Barkham Lady Garrard

Great x 2 Grandfather: John Crouch

Great x 1 Grandmother: Jane Crouch

Samuel Garrard 4th Baronet