The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of Susan Bertie Countess Kent 1554-

Paternal Family Tree: Bertie

On 7th September 1533 Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 49) and [her mother] Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 14) were married. She by marriage Duchess Suffolk. He held her wardship and had intended to marry her to his ten years old son. In the event of the death of his wife, Mary Tudor Queen Consort France, ten weeks earlier he decided to marry her himself instead. The difference in their ages was 35 years. They were fifth cousin once removed.

After 1551 [her father] Richard Bertie Baron Willoughby (age 34) and [her mother] Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 31) were married. He by marriage Baron Willoughby de Eresby.

In 1554 Susan Bertie Countess Kent was born to [her father] Richard Bertie Baron Willoughby (age 37) and [her mother] Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 34).

1567 . nmxfbdw2. Portrait of Susan Bertie Countess Kent (age 13).

Around 1570 Reginald Grey 5th Earl Kent (age 30) and Susan Bertie Countess Kent (age 16) were married. She by marriage Countess Kent. She the daughter of Richard Bertie Baron Willoughby (age 53) and Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 50).

On 17th May 1573 [her husband] Reginald Grey 5th Earl Kent (age 33) died. His brother Henry (age 32) succeeded 6th Earl Kent, 9th Baron Grey of Ruthyn.

Around 1579 Aemilia Bassano (age 9) was educated in the household of Susan Bertie Countess Kent (age 25).

Around 1582 John Wingfield and Susan Bertie Countess Kent (age 28) were married. The difference in their ages was 27 years; she, unusually, being older than him. She the daughter of Richard Bertie Baron Willoughby (age 65) and Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk. They were sixth cousins.

In 1596 [her husband] John Wingfield (age 14) died intestate. His widow [Susan Bertie Countess Kent (age 42)] renounced the administration of his estate, which was granted to a creditor, William Browne of London. Lady Wingfield told Cecil in September 1596 that she owed tradesmen £900, as she and her husband had lived on credit for the past seven years, and when she heard the news of her husband's death she had 'not one penny in the house to buy meat... till her Majesty, most like a gracious sovereign, hearing of my misery, sent me £40'. She begged for an annuity, now 'it hath pleased the Lord to lay his heavy cross upon me in taking my husband from me, who hath not only lost all his worldly substance in her Majesty's service, but confirmed his faith and great desire he had to serve her Majesty with ending his life therein'. She got £100 p.a. for her own life, and that of her son Peregrine. History of Parliament.

Royal Ancestors of Susan Bertie Countess Kent

Kings Wessex: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 13 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings England: Great x 9 Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 15 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 12 Grand Daughter of Louis VII King of the Franks

Kings France: Great x 15 Grand Daughter of Robert "Pious" II King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 20 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Ancestors of Susan Bertie Countess Kent

Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Bertie

GrandFather: Thomas Bertie

Father: Richard Bertie Baron Willoughby

Susan Bertie Countess Kent 9 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Willoughby 5th Baron Willoughby 7 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Willoughby of Parham 7 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 4 Grandmother: Lucy Strange Baroness Willoughby Eresby 6 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Willoughby 5 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Fitzalan 3 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Fitzalan 4 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 1 Grandfather: Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby 6 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 4 Grandfather: Eudo Welles 3 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 3 Grandfather: Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles 4 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Greystoke 6 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 2 Grandmother: Cecily Welles 5 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Waterton

Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan or Cecily Waterton

Great x 4 Grandmother: Cecily Fleming

GrandFather: William Willoughby 11th Baron Willoughby 7 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Jenney

Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Jenney Baroness Willoughby of Eresby

Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Cawse

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cawse

Mother: Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk 8 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 1 Grandfather: Martín de Salinas

GrandMother: Maria de Salinas Baroness Willoughby

Great x 1 Grandmother: Josefa González de Salas