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Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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Westminster School is in Westminster Abbey Area.
Around 1612 John Glynne (age 10) educated at Westminster School [Map].
On 23rd December 1621 Heneage Finch 1st Earl Nottingham was born to Heneage Finch (age 41) and Frances Bell. He was educated at Westminster School [Map] and Christ Church College, Oxford University. He married 30th July 1646 Elizabeth Harvey Baroness Finch and had issue.
Around 1625 Henry Vane "The Younger" (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1628 Henry Bennet 1st Earl Arlington (age 10) educated at Westminster School [Map].
On or before 2nd February 1635 William Godolphin was born to William Godolphin (age 30). He was baptised on 2nd February 1635. He was educated at Westminster School [Map] and Christ Church College, Oxford University.
On 10th March 1638 Archbishop John Vesey was born to Rector Thomas Vesey. He was educated at Westminster School [Map] and Trinity College, Dublin. He married after 1665 Anne Muschamp and had issue.
Around 1661 Heneage Finch 1st Earl Aylesford (age 12) educated at Westminster School [Map] and Christ Church College, Oxford University.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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After 1661 Orlando Bridgeman 1st Baronet (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
John Evelyn's Diary. 13th May 1661. I heard and saw such exercises at the election of scholars at Westminster School [Map] to be sent to the University in Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic, in themes and extemporary verses, as wonderfully astonished me in such youths, with such readiness and wit, some of them not above twelve or thirteen years of age. Pity it is, that what they attain here so ripely, they either do not retain, or do not improve more considerably when they come to be men, though many of them do; and no less is to be blamed their odd pronouncing of Latin, so that out of England none were able to understand, or endure it. The examinants, or posers, were, Dr. Duport, Greek Professor at Cambridge; Dr. Fell, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford; Dr. Pierson; Dr. Allestree (age 39), Dean of Westminster Abbey, and any that would.
On 12th July 1669 Henry Boyle 1st Baron Carleton was born to Charles Boyle 3rd Baron Clifford (age 29) and Jane Seymour (age 32). He was educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1671 John Brownlow 3rd Baronet (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1677 James Brydges 1st Duke Chandos (age 3) educated at Westminster School [Map].
John Evelyn's Diary. 10th September 1677. His lady (age 43) (being one of the Brederode's daughters, grandchild to a natural son of Henry Frederick, Prince of Orange) [Note. Evelyn confused here. Elisabeth Nassau Beverweert Countess Arlington was the daughter of Louis Nassau Beverweert who was the illegitimate son of Prince Maurice I of Orange. Frederick Henry Orange Nassau II Prince Orange was the younger brother of Prince Maurice I of Orange.] is a good-natured and obliging woman. They love fine things, and to live easily, pompously, and hospitably; but, with so vast expense, as plunges my Lord (age 59) into debts exceedingly. My Lord himself is given into no expensive vice but building, and to have all things rich, polite, and princely. He never plays, but reads much, having the Latin, French, and Spanish tongues in perfection. He has traveled much, and is the best bred and courtly person his Majesty (age 47) has about him, so as the public Ministers more frequent him than any of the rest of the nobility. While he was Secretary of State and Prime Minister, he had gotten vastly, but spent it as hastily, even before he had established a fund to maintain his greatness; and now beginning to decline in favour (the Duke being no great friend of his), he knows not how to retrench. He was son of a Doctor of Laws, whom I have seen, and, being sent from Westminster School [Map] to Oxford, with intention to be a divine, and parson of Arlington, a village near Brentford, when Master of Arts the Rebellion falling out, he followed the King's Army, and receiving an HONORABLE WOUND IN THE FACE, grew into favor, and was advanced from a mean fortune, at his Majesty's Restoration, to be an Earl and Knight of the Garter, Lord Chamberlain of the Household, and first favorite for a long time, during which the King married his natural son, the Duke of Grafton (age 13), to his only daughter (age 9) and heiress, as before mentioned, worthy for her beauty and virtue of the greatest prince in Christendom. My Lord is, besides this, a prudent and understanding person in business, and speaks well; unfortunate yet in those he has advanced, most of them proving ungrateful. The many obligations and civilities I have received from this noble gentleman, extracts from me this character, and I am sorry he is in no better circumstances.
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Around 1682 William Legge 1st Earl Dartmouth (age 9) educated at Westminster School [Map].
On or before 8th March 1688 John Conduit was born. He was baptised on 8th March 1688 at St Paul's Church, Covent Garden. In June 1701 he was admitted to Westminster School [Map]. In 1705 he was elected a Queen's scholar to Trinity College, Cambridge University [Map]. He married 26th August 1717 Catherine Barton and had issue.
Around 1695 Henry Newport 3rd Earl Bradford (age 12) educated at Westminster School [Map].
On 20th October 1713 James Cecil 6th Earl of Salisbury was born to James Cecil 5th Earl Salisbury (age 22) and Anne Tufton Countess of Salisbury. He was educated at Westminster School [Map]. He married 1745 Elizabeth Keet Countess of Salisbury and had issue.
Around 1721 John Mordaunt (age 12) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1721 William Courtenay 7th Earl Devon (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Around 1723 Thomas Thoroton was born to Robert Thoroton of Screveton and Mary Levett. He was educated at Westminster School [Map]. He was admitted to Trinity Hall, Cambridge University on 30th December 1741. He married October 1751 Roosilia Drake, daughter of John Manners 3rd Duke Rutland, and had issue.
Around 1723 James Waldegrave 2nd Earl Waldegrave (age 7) educated at Westminster School [Map].
In 1724 Matthew Ridley (age 12) commenced his education at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1725 Thomas Osborne 4th Duke Leeds (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1726 John Tylney 2nd Earl Tylney (age 13) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1726 Henry Reginald Courtenay (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
On 25th April 1726 Charles Gould aka Morgan 1st Baronet was born. He was educated at Westminster School [Map] and Christ Church College, Oxford University reciving BA in 1747 and MA in 1750. He married 1758 Jane Morgan and had issue.
Around 1735 John Hobart 2nd Earl Buckinghamshire (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1737 William Keppel (age 9) educated at Westminster School [Map].
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
In 1743 Bishop Frederick Keppel (age 14) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1747 Augustus Henry Fitzroy 3rd Duke Grafton (age 11) was educated at Westminster School [Map].
On 17th September 1749 Thomas Brand Baron Dacre was born to Thomas Brand (age 32) and Caroline Pierrepont (age 33). He was educated at Westminster School [Map]. He married 20th April 1771 his fourth cousin once removed Gertrude Trevor Roper 19th Baroness Dacre of Gilsland and had issue.
In 1755 Bishop Reginald Courtenay (age 13) admitted at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1763 Francis Osborne 5th Duke Leeds (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
In 1764 Thomas Egerton 1st Earl Wilton (age 14) educated at Westminster School [Map].
In 1765 Percy Charles Wyndham (age 7) educated at Westminster School [Map].
In 1767 Charles William Wyndham (age 6) educated at Westminster School [Map].
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Around 1767 William Lowther 1st Earl Lonsdale (age 9) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1768 Thomas Pelham 2nd Earl Chichester (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1774 Henry Charles Somerset 6th Duke Beaufort (age 7) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1775 George Talbot Rice 3rd Baron Dynevor (age 9) educated at Westminster School [Map].
In 1775 Charles Henry Hall (age 12) was admitted to Westminster School [Map].
Around 1777 Francis Russell 5th Duke Bedford (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1777 Robert Grosvenor 1st Marquess Westminster (age 9) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1789 William Courtenay 10th Earl Devon (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
On 10th April 1792 Charles Morgan 1st Baron Tredegar was born to Charles Gould aka Morgan 2nd Baronet (age 32) and Mary Margaret or Magdalen Stoney. He was educated at Harrow School, Westminster School [Map] and Christ Church College, Oxford University. He married 1827 Rosamund Mundy and had issue.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 30th September 1796 John "Mad Jack" Mytton was born to John Mytton (age 28). He was educated at Westminster School [Map] but expelled after one year for fighting with a Master. He was then sent to Harrow School from where he was expelled after three months. He married (1) 21st May 1818 Harriet Emma Tyrwhitt-Jones, daughter of Thomas Tyrwhitt aka Tyrwhitt-Jones 1st Baronet (2) 29th October 1821 Caroline Mallet Giffard and had issue.
Around 1797 Spencer Rodney 5th Baron Rodney (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1800 Francis Russell 7th Duke Bedford (age 11) educated at Westminster School [Map].
Around 1828 Henry Lowther 3rd Earl Lonsdale (age 9) educated at Westminster School [Map].
In 1832 William John Butler (age 13) became a queen's scholar at Westminster School [Map].
Henry Grey 4th Earl Stamford educated at Westminster School [Map].