The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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Bishop of Carlisle is in Bishop. See Carlisle Cathedral [Map].
On 14th December 1278 Bishop Ralph de Ireton was elected Bishop of Carlisle.
On 9th April 1280 Bishop Ralph de Ireton was consecrated Bishop of Carlisle by the Bishop of Tusculum [now Frescati].
On 21st April 1353 Bishop Gilbert Welton was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
Around 23rd April 1397 Bishop Thomas Merke was consecrated Bishop of Carlisle.
On 16th April 1430 Bishop Marmaduke Lumley was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
In 1452 Bishop William Percy [aged 23] was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
On 24th October 1462 Bishop John Kingscote was consecrated Bishop of Carlisle.
Before 11th February 1478 Bishop Richard Bell was elected Bishop of Carlisle.
On 11th February 1478 Bishop Richard Bell was elected Bishop of Carlisle.
On 26th April 1478 Bishop Richard Bell was consecrated Bishop of Carlisle.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 4th September 1495 Bishop Richard Bell resigned as Bishop of Carlisle. Bishop William Senhouse was appointed Bishop of Carlisle, being consecrated the following year.
In 1557 Bishop Owen Oglethorpe [aged 50] was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
In 1621 Bishop Richard Milbourne was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
On 15th November 1660 Archbishop Richard Sterne [aged 64] was elected Bishop of Carlisle.
On 2nd December 1660 Archbishop Richard Sterne [aged 64] was consecrated Bishop of Carlisle.
Around 27th April 1664 Bishop Edward Rainbowe [aged 56] was elected Bishop of Carlisle.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27th April 1664. Thence to my Lady's, and in my way met Mr. Sanchy, of Cambridge, whom I have not met a great while. He seems a simple fellow, and tells me their master, Dr. Rainbow [aged 56], is newly made Bishop of Carlisle.
In 1702 Bishop William Nicolson [aged 47] was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
John Evelyn's Diary. 22nd June 1702. I dined at the Archbishop's [aged 65] with the newly made Bishop of Carlisle, Dr. Nicolson, my worthy and learned correspondent.
In 1734 Bishop George Fleming 2nd Baronet [aged 67] was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
On 21st March 1762 Charles Lyttelton [aged 48] was consecrated Bishop of Carlisle aat Whitehall Chapel.
Around October 1827 Bishop Hugh Percy [aged 43] was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
In 1860 Bishop Samuel Waldegrave [aged 40] was appointed Bishop of Carlisle.
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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In October 1869 Bishop Harvey Goodwin [aged 50] was elected Bishop of Carlisle.