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20 Aug is in August.
Events on the 20th August
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 651. This year King Oswin was slain, on the twentieth day of August; and within twelve nights afterwards died Bishop Aidan, on the thirty-first of August.
On 20th August 651 King Oswine of Deira was killed at Gilling East, North Yorkshire. He was buried at Tynemouth Priory [Map].
On 20th August 1119 at the Battle of Bremule at Gaillardbois Cressenville King Henry I "Beauclerc" England (age 51) and his son William Adelin Normandy Duke Normandy (age 16) defeated the army of King Louis VI of France (age 37) who had invaded Normandy in support of William Clito Normandy Count Flanders (age 16) who claimed the Duchy of Normandy.
. 20th August 1189. Meanwhile, Geoffrey, Bishop of Ely, died at Winchester on the 13th day before the Kalends of September and was buried at Ely [Map]."
Interim Gaufridus1 Eliensis episcopus obiit Wintonize, xiiio, kalendas Septembris, et sepultus est apud Hely.
Note 1. Gaufridus Riddell, bishp 1174-1189.
On 20th August 1222 Eleanor Fair Maid of Brittany (age 38) was moved to Marlborough Castle [Map] where she remained until 9th October 1223.
On 20th August 1255 Louis Capet (age 11) was betrothed to Berengaria Ivrea (age 2) daughter of Alfonso X King Castile X King Leon (age 33) and, for a brief time, was heir to the throne of Castile. The marriage didn't take place since he died in 1260.
On 20th August 1270 King Edward I of England (age 31) and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 29) sailed from Dover, Kent [Map] to Tunis [Map] via Sicily [Map]. On arrival at Sicily [Map] King Charles Capet of Sicily (age 43), brother of the recently deceased King Louis IX of France (age 56), had signed a treaty with the Emir so Edward returned to Sicily [Map].
On 20th August 1297 the Battle of Furnes was a battle between French led by Robert Artois II Count Artois (age 46), and Flemish forces led by Guy Dampierre Count Flanders (age 71); the French were victorious.
Philip Artois (age 29) was wounded during the Battle of Furnes. He died a year later as a consequence of his wounds.
Walram Jülich (age 54) died.
On 20th August 1348 Robert Bourchier 1st Baron Bourchier died of plague whilst escorting King Edward III's daughter Joan (age 14) [who died a fortnight later] to Spain to marry Peter, the future King Peter of Castile. His son John (age 19) succeeded 2nd Baron Bourchier.
Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 20th [Aug 1358], the Countess of Ulster (age 26) (heiress of William de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, and wife of Lionel (age 19), son of Edward III.) arrived to supper.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Chronicle of Gregory. 20th August 1422. Ande that same yere, the xx day of Auguste, deyde the Byschoppe of London, Clyfforde, and thenne was made byschoppe Mayster John Kempe (age 42), whos bonys, the viij day of Novembyr next folowyng, worthely at Westmynyster were interyde.
On 20th August 1503 Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland (age 13) attended mass at St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1517. 20th August 1517. R.O. 3608. SPINELLY to BRIAN TUKE.
Wrote yesterday with a packet for the Bp. of Helna, &c., and of a bill refused him by Galterotte on account of the sickness. Is in great favour there, and in a condition to do Wolsey effectual service. The wind is S.W. All things are aboard ready for a fair wind, which is expected about the opposition of this new moon. Begs he will see his patent sealed. Chievres told him the French had resolved to send Albany to Scotland, and he will take his passage by Brittany. In Chievres' absence the Lord Montayny will write to the Bp. of Helna. The Prince Palatine has left in disgrace because he presumed to write a letter to the Lady Eleanora, the King's sister, without the knowledge of the King, desiring her to marry him. The letter got abroad, and, though it was very honest, Chievres prevailed to have him punished for his presumption. The Prince is still there. News has come from Rome. The Lord of Nassau has killed divers Almains in the service of the Duke of Gueldres lying in the villages. Is to advertise Wolsey of the news, except touching the Lady Eleanora. Begs he will send him the man he spoke of. Middelburg, 20 Aug. 1517.
Hol., pp. 3. Add.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1528. Love Letters 7. 4648. Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn.
Has got her a lodging by my Lord Cardinal's means, such as could not have been found hereabouts "for all causes," as the bearer will explain. Nothing more can be done in our other affairs, nor can all dangers be better provided against, so that I trust it will be hereafter to both our comforts; but I defer particulars, which would be too long to write, and not fit to trust to a messenger till your repair hither. I trust it will not be long "to-fore" I have caused my lord your father (age 51) to make his provisions with speed.
Note. The full content of this letter may be found in the The Love Letters of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 20th August 1558. The xx day of August whent from London unto Fullam to be bered my lord of London('s) (age 39) crossear [crozier], master Mortun, on of the gray ames [amices] of Powlles, with (unfinished)
Note. P. 171. Funeral of master Morton. Thomas Moreton, bachelor of law, was collated to the sinecure rectory of Fulham Sept. 23, 1554, and to the prebend of Bromesbury in the cathedral church of Saint Paul's Aug. 9, 1555. (Newcourt's Repertorium Londinense, vol. i. p. 118.) It appears, then, that those called the "grey amices" of St. Paul's were the prebendaries.
Letters of the Court of James I 1618. [20th August 1618]. While the court was at Bewley, a Scottishman stabbed and killed a servant of Humfrey's, that discovered the pot aux roses touching the courses of the Lord (age 56) and Lady Suffolk (age 54). The fellow is to suffer for it, if he be not hanged already at the court gate. Sir John Bingley is, like enough, for aught I hear, to pass well through his business, and so may the Lord of Suffolk2, seeing there pass many letters 'twixt the king and him; which some think to be about the parting with Audley End [Map], for the which he is to have £ 2000 land a-year; and as much more as the grounds or lands about it came to.
Note 1. "discover the pot aux roses" i.e. to discover a secret.
Note 2. Accused of corruption in his post of lord treasurer, and many other misdemeanors.
Letters of the Court of James I 1618. [20th August 1618]. We talk still of a new treasurer, and the Lord Coke (age 66) is in some consideration. But the most general and likely voice goeth with the lord chamberlain (age 38), who seems nothing fond of it; unless he might leave his place to his brother Montgomery (age 33). But he hath two strong competitors, the Marquis Hamilton, and the Viscount Doncaster (age 38), the one for favour, and the other per ragion di stato, like to over-sway him, if they could agree between themselves. Sir Lionel Cranfield (age 43) is not yet master of the wardrobe, nor like to be, unless he give a viaticum to the Lord Hay, who, they say, stands upon £ 9000.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th August 1641. I purposely changed my lodgings, being desirous to converse with the sectaries that swarmed in this city, out of whose spawn came those almost innumerable broods in England afterwards. It was at a Brownist's house, where we had an extraordinary good table. There was in pension with us my Lord Keeper, Finch (age 19), and one Sir J. Fotherbee. Here I also found an English Carmelite, who was going through Germany with an Irish gentleman. I now went to see the Weesehouse, a foundation like our Charterhouse, for the education of decayed persons, orphans, and poor children, where they are taught several occupations. The girls are so well brought up to housewifery, that men of good worth, who seek that chiefly in a woman, frequently take their wives from this hospital. Thence to the Hasphouse, where the lusty knaves are compelled to work; and the rasping of brasil and logwood for the dyers is very hard labour. To the Doolhouse, for madmen and fools. But none did I so much admire, as an hospital for their lame and decrepit soldiers and seamen, where the accommodations are very great, the building answerable; and, indeed, for the like public charities the provisions are admirable in this country, where, as no idle vagabonds are suffered (as in England they are), there is hardly a child of four or five years old, but they find some employment for it.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th August 1656. Was a confused election of Parliament called by the Usurper (age 57).
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1660. In the evening I went all alone to drink at Mr. Harper's, where I found Mrs. Crisp's daughter, with whom and her friends I staid and drank, and so with W. Hewer (age 18) by coach to Worcester House, where I light, sending him home with the £100 that I received to-day. Here I staid, and saw my Lord Chancellor (age 51) come into his Great Hall, where wonderful how much company there was to expect him at a Seal. Before he would begin any business, he took my papers of the state of the debts of the Fleet, and there viewed them before all the people, and did give me his advice privately how to order things, to get as much money as we can of the Parliament. That being done, I went home, where I found all my things come home from sea (sent by desire by Mr. Dun), of which I was glad, though many of my things are quite spoilt with mould by reason of lying so long a shipboard, and my cabin being not tight. I spent much time to dispose of them tonight, and so to bed.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1660 William Cavendish 3rd Earl Devonshire (age 42) was re-appointed Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1660. Office Day. As Sir W. Pen (age 39) and I were walking in the garden, a messenger came to me from the Duke of York (age 26) to fetch me to the Lord Chancellor (age 51). So (Mrs. Turner (age 37) with her daughter The. being come to my house to speak with me about a friend of hers to send to sea) I went with her in her coach as far as Worcester House, but my Lord Chancellor being gone to the House of Lords, I went thither, and (there being a law case before them this day) got in, and there staid all the morning, seeing their manner of sitting on woolpacks1, &c., which I never did before.
Note 1. It is said that these woolpacks were placed in the House of Lords for the judges to sit on, so that the fact that wool was a main source of our national wealth might be kept in the popular mind. The Lord Chancellor's seat is now called the Woolsack.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th August 1662. There were strong guards in the city this day, apprehending some tumults, many of the Presbyterian ministers not conforming. I dined with the Vice-Chamberlain, and then went to see the Queen-Mother (age 52), who was pleased to give me many thanks for the entertainment she received at my house, when she recounted to me many observable stories of the sagacity of some dogs she formerly had.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1662. Up early, and to my office, and thence to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), whom I found in bed, and he sent for me in. Among other talk, he do tell me that he hath put me into commission with a great many great persons in the business of Tangier [Map], which is a very great honour to me, and may be of good concernment to me.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1662. By and by comes my Lord Peterborough (age 40) in, with whom we talked a good while, and he is going tomorrow towards Tangier [Map] again. I perceive there is yet good hopes of peace with Guyland1, which is of great concernment to Tangier [Map]. And many other things I heard which yet I understand not, and so cannot remember. My Lord and Lord Peterborough going out to the Solicitor General about the drawing up of this Commission, I went to Westminster Hall [Map] with Mr. Moore, and there meeting Mr. Townsend, he would needs take me to Fleet Street, to one Mr. Barwell, squire sadler to the King, and there we and several other Wardrobe-men dined. We had a venison pasty, and other good plain and handsome dishes; the mistress of the house a pretty, well-carriaged woman, and a fine hand she hath; and her maid a pretty brown lass. But I do find my nature ready to run back to my old course of drinking wine and staying from my business, and yet, thank God, I was not fully contented with it, but did stay at little ease, and after dinner hastened home by water, and so to my office till late at night.
Note 1. A Moorish usurper, who had put himself at the head of an army for the purpose of attacking Tangier [Map]. B.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1662. By and by comes in Mr. Coventry (age 34) to us, whom my Lord tells that he is also put into the commission, and that I am there, of which he said he was glad; and did tell my Lord that I was indeed the life of this office, and much more to my commendation beyond measure. And that, whereas before he did bear me respect for his sake, he do do it now much more for my own; which is a great blessing to me. Sir G. Carteret (age 52) having told me what he did yesterday concerning his speaking to my Lord Chancellor (age 53) about me. So that on all hands, by God's blessing, I find myself a very rising man.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th August 1663. I dined at the Comptroller's [of the Household] with the Earl of Oxford (age 36) and Mr. Ashburnham; it was said it should be the last of the public diets, or tables, at Court, it being determined to put down the old hospitality, at which was great murmuring, considering his Majesty's (age 33) vast revenue and the plenty of the nation. Hence, I went to sit in a Committee, to consider about the regulation of the Mint at the Tower [Map]; in which some small progress was made.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1664. Thence I walked to Cheapside, there to see the effect of a fire there this morning, since four o'clock; which I find in the house of Mr. Bois, that married Dr. Fuller's (age 56) niece, who are both out of towne, leaving only a mayde and man in towne. It begun in their house, and hath burned much and many houses backward, though none forward; and that in the great uniform pile of buildings in the middle of Cheapside. I am very sorry for them, for the Doctor's sake.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 20th August 1665. Lord's Day. Sir G. Carteret (age 55) come and walked by my bedside half an houre, talking and telling me how my Lord is in this unblameable in all this ill-successe, he having followed orders; and that all ought to be imputed to the falsenesse of the King (age 35) of Denmarke, who, he told me as a secret, had promised to deliver up the Dutch ships to us, and we expected no less; and swears it will, and will easily, be the ruine of him and his kingdom, if we fall out with him, as we must in honour do; but that all that can be, must be to get the fleete out again to intercept De Witt, who certainly will be coming home with the East India ships, he being gone thither. He being gone, I up and with Fenn, being ready to walk forth to see the place; and I find it to be a very noble seat in a noble forest, with the noblest prospect towards Windsor, and round about over many countys, that can be desired; but otherwise a very melancholy place, and little variety save only trees. I had thoughts of going home by water, and of seeing Windsor Chappell [Map] and Castle [Map], but finding at my coming in that Sir G. Carteret did prevent me in speaking for my sudden return to look after business, I did presently eat a bit off the spit about 10 o'clock, and so took horse for Stanes, and thence to Brainford to Mr. Povy's (age 51), the weather being very pleasant to ride in. Mr. Povy not being at home I lost my labour, only eat and drank there with his lady, and told my bad newes, and hear the plague is round about them there. So away to Brainford [Map]; and there at the inn that goes down to the water-side, I 'light and paid off my post-horses, and so slipped on my shoes, and laid my things by, the tide not serving, and to church, where a dull sermon, and many Londoners. After church to my inn, and eat and drank, and so about seven o'clock by water, and got between nine and ten to Queenhive, very dark. And I could not get my waterman to go elsewhere for fear of the plague.
John Evelyn's Diary. 20th August 1670. At Windsor, Berkshire [Map] I supped with the Duke of Monmouth (age 21); and, the next day, invited by Lord Arlington (age 52), dined with the same Duke and divers Lords. After dinner my Lord and I had a conference of more than an hour alone in his bedchamber, to engage me in the History. I showed him something that I had drawn up, to his great satisfaction, and he desired me to show it to the Treasurer (age 40).
On 20th August 1698 Henry Hobart 4th Baronet (age 41) died from wounds he had received in a duel with Oliver le Neve (age 36) at Cawston Heath, Norfolk. His son John (age 4) succeeded 5th Baronet Hobart of Intwood in Norfolk.
On 20th August 1702 William Bowes of Streatlam (age 45) was elected MP Durham during the Parliament 1702.
On 20th August 1711 Richard Thornhill was murdered at Turnham Green Chiswick by two men who, as they killed him, allegedly invoked the name of Cholmley Dering 4th Baronet, who Thornhill had killed in a duel three months before.
On 20th August 1715 James Butler 2nd Duke Ormonde (age 50) was attainted for having supported the Jacobite cause. His estates and honours were forfeit. His banner as a Garter Knight was removed from St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map].
After 20th August 1790. Monmument to Richard Young died and his parents Robert and Mary Young. St Andrew's Church, Brympton d'Evercy [Map].
On 20th August 1868 the Irish Mail train collided with goods wagons. The force of the collision derailed the engine, its tender and the leading guard's van. Two runaway wagons next to the brake van, which carried 50 wooden barrels, holding about 1,700 gallons of paraffin oil caught fire. The engine, tender, guard's van and the first three-passenger carriages were instantly enveloped in dense smoke and flames, which soon spread to the fourth carriage and the front of the leading post office van. This prevented any immediate attempt to rescue the occupants of the first four carriages, who all died.
Henry Maxwell 7th Baron Farnham (age 69) and his wife Anna Frances Esther Stapleton (age 63) were killed.
On 20th August 1872 Thomas Fermor-Hesketh 5th Baronet (age 47) died. His son Thomas (age 25) succeeded 6th Baronet Fermor-Hesketh of Rufford in Lancashire. Monument at St Mary The Virgin Church, Rufford [Map] by Matthew Noble (age 55).
Thomas Henry Fermor-Hesketh 6th Baronet: In 1847 he was born to Thomas Fermor-Hesketh 5th Baronet and Arabella Fermor Lady Hesketh. In 1876 Thomas Henry Fermor-Hesketh 6th Baronet died unmarried. His brother Thomas succeeded 7th Baronet Fermor-Hesketh of Rufford in Lancashire.
On 20th August 1872 William de Meuron's birth was registered in Thunder Bay, Ontario.
On 20th August 1914 Reverend Edmund Thomas Daubeney (age 74) died. On 30th March 1926 Mary Castle (age 74) died. They were buried in churchyard of Church of St George, South Acre [Map].
Reverend Edmund Thomas Daubeney: On 14th July 1840 he was born to Edmund Joseph Daubeney. Before 20th August 1914 he and Mary Castle were married.
Mary Castle: Around 1840 she was born.
On 20th August 1933 Tonman Mosley 1st Baron Anslow (age 83) died without surviving male issue; Baron Anslow of Iver in Buckinghamshire extinct. Memorial at St Mary's Church, Rolleston on Dove [Map].
Tonman Mosley 1st Baron Anslow: On 16th January 1850 he was born to Tonman Mosley 3rd Baronet at East Lodge, Anslow, Burton upon Trent. He was baptised at Rolleston on Dove, Staffordshire. On 2nd February 1881 Tonman Mosley 1st Baron Anslow and Hilda Rose Montgomerie Baroness Anslow were married at St Peter's Church, Eaton Square. She the daughter of Archibald William Montgomerie 13th Earl Eglinton.
On 20th August 1940 Lieutenant-Colonel Christian Edward Cornwallis Eliot (age 68) died. Memorial at St Germans Priory [Map].
Lieutenant-Colonel Christian Edward Cornwallis Eliot: On 17th July 1872 he was born to Charles George Cornwallis Eliot and Constance Rhiannon Guest. On 3rd July 1897 Lieutenant-Colonel Christian Edward Cornwallis Eliot and Laura Grey Chetwode were married.
Births on the 20th August
On 20th August 1571 Charles Guise I Duke Guise was born to Henry 1st Duke Guise (age 20) and Catherine of Cleves (age 23). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.44%.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1661 Catherine Montagu was born to Edward Montagu 1st Earl Sandwich (age 36) and Jemima Crew Countess Sandwich (age 36).
On 20th August 1679 Mary Bentinck Countess Essex was born to William Bentinck 1st Earl of Portland (age 30) and Anne Villiers Countess Portland (age 28).
On 20th August 1695 Marie Louise Élisabeth Bourbon Duchess Berry was born to Philippe Bourbon II Duke Orléans (age 21) and Françoise Marie Bourbon Duchess Orléans (age 18). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.39%.
On 20th August 1705 Henry Bromley 1st Baron Montfort was born to John Bromley (age 23) and Mercy Bromley.
On 20th August 1719 Anna-Maria Roper was born to Henry Roper 8th Baron Teynham (age 43) and Anne Lennard 16th Baroness Dacre of Gilsland Baroness Teynham (age 35). She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 20th August 1741 Henry Herbert 1st Earl Carnarvon was born to William Herbert (age 45) and Catherine Elizabeth Tewes.
On 20th August 1757 Friedrich Karl Ludwig Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck was born to Karl Anton Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck and Frederica Charlotte Dohna Schlodien Duchess Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck at Königsberg.
On 20th August 1766 Mary Day Beauclerk was born to Topham Beauclerk (age 26) and Diana Spencer Viscountess St John and Bolingbroke (age 32). She was a twin with Elisabeth Beauclerk. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 20th August 1766 Elisabeth Beauclerk was born to Topham Beauclerk (age 26) and Diana Spencer Viscountess St John and Bolingbroke (age 32). She was a twin with Mary Day Beauclerk. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 20th August 1771 Mark Masterman-Sykes 3rd Baronet was born to Christopher Sykes 2nd Baronet (age 22) and Elizabeth Tatton (age 23).
On 20th August 1790 Georgina Elizabeth Moncrieffe Countess Bradford was born to Thomas Moncrieffe 5th Baronet (age 32).
On 20th August 1806 Archibald Acheson 3rd Earl Gosford was born to Archibald Acheson 2nd Earl Gosford (age 30) and Mary Sparrow Countess Gosford (age 29).
On 20th August 1808 Bishop Arthur Hervey was born to Frederick William Hervey 1st Marquess of Bristol (age 38) and Elizabeth Albana Upton (age 33).
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1813 George John Frederick Manners was born to John Henry Manners 5th Duke Rutland (age 35) and Elizabeth Howard Duchess Rutland (age 32).
On 20th August 1822 Vere Paulett was born to John Paulett 5th Earl Paulett (age 39).
On 20th August 1824 Edward Keppel Coke was born to Thomas Coke 1st Earl of Leicester (age 70) and Anne Amelia Keppel Countess Leicester (age 21).
On 20th August 1838 Major-General Peter Ewart 1st Baronet was born.
On 20th August 1843 John Gage Saunders 9th Baronet was born to Thomas Gage Saunders Sebright 8th Baronet (age 41).
On 20th August 1859 Charles Fitzgerald was born to Charles William Fitzgerald Fitzgerald 4th Duke Leinster (age 40) and Caroline Leveson-Gower Duchess Leinster (age 32).
On 20th August 1859 Humphrey Napier Sturt 2nd Baron Alington was born to Henry Gerard Sturt 1st Baron Alington (age 34) and Augusta Bingham Baroness Alington (age 27). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.
On 20th August 1871 Sybil Mary St Clair-Erskine Countess of Westmorland was born to Robert St Clair-Erskine 4th Earl of Rosslyn (age 38) and Blanche Adeliza Fitzroy (age 31).
On 20th August 1876 Richard Coke was born to Thomas Coke 2nd Earl of Leicester (age 53) and Georgina Caroline Cavendish Countess Leicester (age 24).
On 20th August 1909 Anne Cavendish Countess Sandwich was born to Victor Christian William Cavendish 9th Duke Devonshire (age 41) and Evelyn Emily Mary Petty-Fitzmaurice Duchess Devonshire (age 38).
On 20th August 1916 Michael Henry Croft 2nd Baron Croft was born to Henry Page Croft 1st Baron Croft (age 35) and Nancy Beatrice Borwick Baroness Croft (age 31).
On 20th August 1926 Michael Temple Canfield was born illegitimately to Prince George Windsor 1st Duke Kent (age 23) and Alice "Kiki" Preston aka Gwynne (age 28). His father more certain than his mother. He a grandson of King George V of the United Kingdom.
On 20th August 1926 Bridget Assheton Lady Worsley was born to Ralph Assheton 1st Baron Clitheroe (age 25) and Sylvia Benita Frances Hotham Baroness Clitheroe.
On 20th August 1927 Elizabeth Anne Cary Lady Nelson was born to Lucius Cary 14th Viscount Falkland (age 22).
Marriages on the 20th August
On 20th August 1195 William Montgomery IV Count Ponthieu (age 16) and Alys Capet Countess Ponthieu (age 34) were married. She by marriage Countess Ponthieu. She the daughter of Louis VII King Franks and Constance of Castile. He the son of John Montgomery I Count Ponthieu and Beatrice St Pol Countess Ponthieu (age 50). They were third cousin once removed.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1547 William Cavendish (age 42) and Bess of Hardwick (age 20) were married. The difference in their ages was 22 years.
On 20th August 1559 William Willoughby 1st Baron Willoughby of Parham (age 44) and Margaret Garneys Viscountess Hereford (age 39) were married. She by marriage Baroness Willoughby Parham.
On 20th August 1593 Robert Carey 1st Earl Monmouth (age 33) and Elizabeth Trevannion Countess Monmouth (age 30) were married.
On 20th August 1660 John Burgoyne 2nd Baronet (age 42) and Anne Robinson Lady Burgoyne were married. She by marriage Lady Burgoyne of Sutton in Bedfordshire.
On 20th August 1760 William Bagot 1st Baron Bagot (age 32) and Elizabeth St John Baroness Bagot were married.
On 20th August 1772 Henry Thomas Fox-Strangways 2nd Earl of Ilchester (age 25) and Mary Theresa O'Grady Countess of Ilchester (age 17) were married. He the son of Stephen Fox-Strangways 1st Earl of Ilchester (age 67) and Elizabeth Strangways-Horner Countess Ilchester (age 50).
On 20th August 1777 Philip Stanhope 5th Earl Chesterfield (age 21) and Anne Thistlethwayte Countess Chesterfield were married. She by marriage Countess Chesterfield.
On 20th August 1794 Henry Thomas Fox-Strangways 2nd Earl of Ilchester (age 47) and Maria Digby Countess Ilchester were married. She by marriage Countess Ilchester. He the son of Stephen Fox-Strangways 1st Earl of Ilchester and Elizabeth Strangways-Horner Countess Ilchester.
On 20th August 1795 William Langham 8th Baronet (age 24) and Henrietta Elizabeth Frederica Vane Lady Langham were married. She by marriage Lady Langham of Cottesbrooke in Northamptonshire.
On 20th August 1822 John Russell (age 26) and Sophia Coussmaker 22nd Baroness Clifford (age 30) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. They were sixth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1833 Charles Brudenell 1st Marquess Ailesbury (age 60) and Maria Elizabeth Tollemache Marchioness Ailesbury (age 23) were married at Ham House, Richmond, Surrey. She by marriage Marchioness Ailesbury. The difference in their ages was 36 years. He the son of Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Ailesbury and Susanna Hoare Countess Ailesbury.
On 20th August 1846 Andrew Agnew 8th Baronet (age 28) and Mary Arabella Louisa Noel were married. She the daughter of Charles Noel 1st Earl Gainsborough (age 64) and Arabella Hamlyn-Williams.
On 20th August 1861 John Alexander Thynne 4th Marquess of Bath (age 30) and Frances Isabella Catherine Vesey Marchioness Bath were married. She by marriage Marchioness of Bath. He the son of Henry Frederick Thynne 3rd Marquess of Bath and Harriet Baring Marchioness Bath (age 57).
On 20th August 1927 Thomas Palk Carew 10th Baronet (age 37) and Phyllis Evelyn Mayman Lady Carew were married.
Deaths on the 20th August
On 20th August 651 King Oswine of Deira was killed at Gilling East, North Yorkshire. He was buried at Tynemouth Priory [Map].
On 20th August 1179 William of Blois 1st Earl Albemarle 1st Earl York (age 78) died. His daughter Hawise succeeded 2nd Countess Albemarle. Earl York extinct. The succession of the Earldom of York is somewhat unclear; it may have been created for life only, or for male succession only.
On 20th August 1297 the Battle of Furnes was a battle between French led by Robert Artois II Count Artois (age 46), and Flemish forces led by Guy Dampierre Count Flanders (age 71); the French were victorious.
Philip Artois (age 29) was wounded during the Battle of Furnes. He died a year later as a consequence of his wounds.
Walram Jülich (age 54) died.
On 20th August 1348 Laurence Hastings 1st Earl Pembroke (age 29) died at Abergavenny Castle [Map]. He was buried at Abergavenny Priory [Map]. His son John succeeded 2nd Earl Pembroke, 4th Baron Hastings, 15th Baron Abergavenny Feudal Creation.
On 20th August 1348 Robert Bourchier 1st Baron Bourchier died of plague whilst escorting King Edward III's daughter Joan (age 14) [who died a fortnight later] to Spain to marry Peter, the future King Peter of Castile. His son John (age 19) succeeded 2nd Baron Bourchier.
On 20th August 1391 William Aldeburgh 2nd Baron Aldeburgh Harewood (age 43) died at Harewood. Baron Aldeburgh Harewood extinct.
On 20th August 1421 Bishop Richard Clifford died.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1528 Edward Burgh (age 65) died. His son Thomas (age 40) succeeded 5th Baron Strabolgi. Agnes Tyrwhitt Baroness Cobham, Strabolgi and Burgh (age 47) by marriage Baroness Strabolgi.
On 20th August 1558 William Windsor 2nd Baron Windsor (age 59) died. His son Edward (age 26) succeeded 3rd Baron Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire.
On 20th August 1592 William "Younger" Welf Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg (age 57) died.
On 20th August 1595 William Vaux 3rd Baron Vaux Harrowden (age 60) died. His grandson Edward (age 6) succeeded 4th Baron Vaux Harrowden.
On 20th August 1628 Charles Morrison 1st Baronet (age 41) died. Baronet Morrison of Cashiobury extinct. He was buried at St Marys Church, Watford where he has a monument by Nicholas Stone (age 41). Cassiobury House, Watford was inherited by his daughter Elizabeth Morrison Baroness Capell Hadham (age 17) and her husband Arthur Capell 1st Baron Capell Hadham (age 20).
On 20th August 1630 Richard Lennard 13th Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 34) died. He was buried at Herstmonceux. His son Francis (age 11) succeeded 14th Baron Dacre Gilsland, 14th Baron Multon of Gilsland.
On 20th August 1632 Dorothy St John Countess Bath died. She was buried on 21st August 1632 at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map]. There are letters from her husband Edward Bourchier 4th Earl Bath (age 42) and from the Earl of Bedford, both dat. 26 May 1633, referring to "the fresh sense he hath of the loss of so noble a wife," and to his unwillingness on that account to marry "Mistress Dorothy Seymour," as suggested by the King.
On 20th August 1647 Robert Kemp 1st Baronet died. His son Robert (age 19) succeeded 2nd Baronet Kemp of Gissing in Norfolk.
On 20th August 1659 Dorothy Percy Countess Leicester (age 61) died.
On 20th August 1663 Nicholas Barnewall 1st Viscount Barnewell (age 71) died. His son Henry succeeded 2nd Viscount Barnewall, 2nd Baron Turvey.
On 20th August 1666 Anne Walmesley Lady Osborne (age 66) died.
On 20th August 1681 Elizabeth Malet Countess Rochester (age 30) died.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1698 Henry Hobart 4th Baronet (age 41) died from wounds he had received in a duel with Oliver le Neve (age 36) at Cawston Heath, Norfolk. His son John (age 4) succeeded 5th Baronet Hobart of Intwood in Norfolk.
On 20th August 1700 Margaret Leslie 8th Countess Rothes and Haddington died. Her son John (age 21) succeeded 9th Earl Haddington.
On 20th August 1701 Charles Sedley 5th Baronet (age 62) died. Baronet Sedley of Ailesford in Kent extinct.
On 20th August 1711 Richard Thornhill was murdered at Turnham Green Chiswick by two men who, as they killed him, allegedly invoked the name of Cholmley Dering 4th Baronet, who Thornhill had killed in a duel three months before.
On 20th August 1726 Mary Bentinck Countess Essex (age 47) died.
On 20th August 1751 William Twysden 5th Baronet (age 74) died. His son William (age 21) succeeded 6th Baronet Twysden of Roydon in Kent.
On 20th August 1755 Robert Ker 2nd Duke Roxburghe (age 46) died. His son John (age 15) succeeded 3rd Duke Roxburghe.
On 20th August 1756 Thomas Dyke 2nd Baronet (age 60) died. His son John (age 23) succeeded 3rd Baronet Dyke of Horeham in Sussex.
On 20th August 1776 Michael D'Anvers 5th Baronet (age 37) died unmarried. Baronet D'Anvers of Culworth in Northamptonshire extinct.
On 20th August 1794 Bishop Joseph Bourke 3rd Earl of Mayo (age 58) died at Kilbeggan.
On 20th August 1824 Thomas Hampden-Trevor 2nd Viscount Hampden (age 78) died. His brother John (age 76) succeeded 3rd Viscount Hampden, 6th Baron Trevor Bromham although he died three weeks later.
On 20th August 1825 William Waldegrave 1st Baron Radstock (age 72) died. His son Granville (age 38) succeeded 2nd Baron Radstock of Castletown in the Queen's County.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 20th August 1830 Harriet Maria Amyand Countess Malmesbury (age 69) died.
On 20th August 1837 Eleanor Villiers Lady Lechmere died. She was buried at St Mary's Church, Hanley Castle [Map].
On 20th August 1840 Bishop William Otter (age 71) died.
On 20th August 1841 Thomas Stanley-Massey-Stanley 9th Baronet (age 59) died. His son Thomas (age 34) succeeded 10th Baronet Stanley-Massey-Stanley of Hooton in Cheshire.
On 20th August 1842 Hussey Vivian 1st Baron Vivian (age 67) died. His son Charles (age 33) succeeded 2nd Baron Vivian of Glynn and Truro in Cornwall, 2nd Baronet Vivian of Truro.
On 20th August 1850 Anna Maria Denison Baroness Wenlock (age 79) died.
On 20th August 1872 Thomas Fermor-Hesketh 5th Baronet (age 47) died. His son Thomas (age 25) succeeded 6th Baronet Fermor-Hesketh of Rufford in Lancashire. Monument at St Mary The Virgin Church, Rufford [Map] by Matthew Noble (age 55).
Thomas Henry Fermor-Hesketh 6th Baronet: In 1847 he was born to Thomas Fermor-Hesketh 5th Baronet and Arabella Fermor Lady Hesketh. In 1876 Thomas Henry Fermor-Hesketh 6th Baronet died unmarried. His brother Thomas succeeded 7th Baronet Fermor-Hesketh of Rufford in Lancashire.
On 20th August 1879 Louisa Barbara Catherine Phillips Countess Lichfield (age 79) died in Hill Street.
On 20th August 1903 William Orr-Ewing 2nd Baronet (age 55) died. His brother Archibald (age 50) succeeded 3rd Baronet Orr-Ewing of Ballikinrain in Stirlingshire and Lennoxbank in Dumbartonshire. Mabel Addington Lady Orr-Ewing by marriage Lady Orr-Ewing of Ballikinrain in Stirlingshire and Lennoxbank in Dumbartonshire.
On 20th August 1911 Mary Catherine Curzon Baroness Trevor (age 73) died.
On 20th August 1933 Tonman Mosley 1st Baron Anslow (age 83) died without surviving male issue; Baron Anslow of Iver in Buckinghamshire extinct. Memorial at St Mary's Church, Rolleston on Dove [Map].
Tonman Mosley 1st Baron Anslow: On 16th January 1850 he was born to Tonman Mosley 3rd Baronet at East Lodge, Anslow, Burton upon Trent. He was baptised at Rolleston on Dove, Staffordshire. On 2nd February 1881 Tonman Mosley 1st Baron Anslow and Hilda Rose Montgomerie Baroness Anslow were married at St Peter's Church, Eaton Square. She the daughter of Archibald William Montgomerie 13th Earl Eglinton.
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 20th August 1949 Niall Campbell 10th Duke Argyll (age 77) died. His first cousin once removed Ian (age 46) succeeded 11th Duke Argyll, 8th Baron Hamilton of Hameldon in Leicestershire. Louise Clews Duchess of Argyll (age 44) by marriage Duchess Argyll.
On 20th August 1955 Millicent Fanny St Clair-Erskine Duchess of Sutherland (age 87) died.
On 20th August 2006 Richard de Yarburgh-Bateson 6th Baron Deramore (age 95) died. Baron Deramore of Belvoir in County Down, Baronet Bateson of Belvoir Park in County Down extinct.
On 20th August 2010 Caroline Elizabeth Thellusson Lady Goring (age 69) died.