Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia was born to [her father] Hugh Tours.
In 821 Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 26) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Bavaria. Holy Roman Emperor. He the son of Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine I King of the Franks (age 43) and Ermengarde Hesbaye Queen Consort Aquitaine.
Around 825 [her son] Ermengard Carolingian was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia.
In 825 [her son] Louis II King Italy Holy Roman Emperor was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia. He married 5th October 851 Engelberga Spoleto Holy Roman Empress and had issue.
In 826 [her son] Hiltrude Carolingian was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia.
In 830 [her daughter] Bertha Carolingian Abbess Avenay was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 35) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia.
Around 830 [her daughter] Gisela Carolingian Abbess Avenay was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 35) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia.
In 835 [her son] Lothair II King Lotharingia was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 40) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia. He married 855 Teutberga Arles, daughter of Boso "Elder" Arles Count Arles, and had issue.
In 840 [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 45) succeeded King Middle Francia. Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia by marriage Queen Consort Middle Francia.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Around 840 [her daughter] Rotrude Carolingian was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 45) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia.
In 845 [her son] Charles King Provence was born to [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 50) and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia.
On 29th September 855 [her husband] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor (age 60) died.