Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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Half Sixth Cousin is in Sixth Cousin.
Around 1087 Eustace Flanders III Count Boulogne and Mary Dunkeld Countess Boulogne (age 5) were married. She the daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 55) and Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland (age 42). He the son of Eustace II Count Boulogne (age 72) and Ida of Lorraine Countess Boulogne (age 47). They were half sixth cousins.
In 1118 Charles I Count Flanders (age 34) and Marguerite Clermont Countess Flanders (age 13) were married. The difference in their ages was 21 years. She the daughter of Renaud II Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (age 43) and Adelaide I Countess Vermandois. He the son of King Canute "The Holy" IV of Denmark and Adela Flanders Queen Consort Denmark. They were half sixth cousins.
Before 1139 Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria (age 24) and Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria (age 18) were married. She the daughter of William Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey. He the son of King David I of Scotland (age 54) and Maud Queen Consort Scotland. They were half sixth cousins.
In February 1177 William "Good" II King Sicily (age 22) and Joan Plantagenet Queen Consort Sicily (age 11) were married. She by marriage Queen Sicily. She the daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 43) and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 55). They were half sixth cousins.
Around December 1181 Roger Bigod 2nd Earl Norfolk (age 37) and Ida Tosny Countess Norfolk (age 25) were married. He the son of Hugh Bigod 1st Earl Norfolk and Juliana de Vere. They were half sixth cousins.
Before 2nd February 1286 Piers Geneville (age 30) and Jeanne Lusignan (age 26) were married. She the daughter of Hugh XII of Lusignan VII Count of La Marche III Count Angoulême and Jeanne Fougères Countess Lusignan Countess La Marche and Angoulême. They were half sixth cousins.
Around 1312 John Comyn 4th Lord Baddenoch (age 18) and Margaret Wake Countess Kent (age 14) were married. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King John of England.
Before 1333 William Zouche 1st Baron Zouche Harringworth (age 56) and Maud Lovell Baroness Zouche Harringworth (age 52) were married. She by marriage Baroness Zouche Harringworth. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.
Before 3rd April 1374 Thomas Morley 5th Baron Marshal 4th Baron Morley (age 20) and Joan Hastings Baroness Marshal and Morley (age 17) were married. They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Before 3rd February 1380 John Dynham (age 21) and Eleanor Montagu (age 22) were married. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Before 8th July 1382 Thomas Bardolf 5th Baron Bardolf (age 12) and Avice Cromwell Baroness Bardolf (age 12) were married. They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.
Before 1397 John Darcy 5th Baron Darcy of Knayth (age 20) and Margaret Grey Baroness Darcy Knayth were married. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
Before 22nd October 1397 Robert Poynings 4th Baron Poynings (age 14) and Eleanor Grey Baroness Poynings (age 4) were married. She by marriage Baroness Poynings. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
Before 1400 Thomas Blount (age 47) and Isabel Botetort were married. They were half sixth cousins.
Before 1430 Roger Corbet (age 42) and Elizabeth Lichfield were married. They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.
After 1463 James Douglas 9th Earl Douglas 3rd Earl Avondale (age 37) and Anne Holland Countess Douglas and Avondale were married. She by marriage Countess Douglas, Countess Avondale. She the daughter of John Holland 2nd Duke Exeter and Anne Stafford Duchess Exeter. He the son of James "Gross" Douglas 7th Earl Douglas 1st Earl Avondale and Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 2nd June 1492 Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester (age 32) and Elizabeth Herbert 3rd Baroness Herbert Raglan (age 16) were married. She the daughter of William Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Huntingdon and Mary Woodville Countess Pembroke and Huntingdon. He the illegitmate son of Henry Beaufort 2nd or 3rd Duke of Somerset and Joan Hill (age 80). They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.
In or before 1519 Andrew Luttrell (age 30) and Margaret Wyndham (age 17) were married. She the daughter of Vice-Admiral Thomas Wyndham (age 52) and Elizabeth Wentworth Countess Bath (age 48). They were half sixth cousins.
Before 11th April 1543 Thomas Wortley (age 43) and Margaret Savile (age 39) were married. They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Around 1550 Henry Parker 12th Baron Marshal 11th Baron Morley (age 16) and Elizabeth Stanley Baroness and Morley (age 17) were married. She by marriage Baroness Marshal, Baroness Morley. She the daughter of Edward Stanley 3rd Earl of Derby (age 40) and Dorothy Howard Countess Derby (age 39). They were half sixth cousins.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 12th October 1561 William "Younger" Welf Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg (age 26) and Dorothea Oldenburg Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg (age 15) were married. She by marriage Duchess Brunswick Lüneburg. She the daughter of Christian III King of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 50). They were half sixth cousins.
In or before 1572 Michael Darcy and Margaret Wentworth (age 3) were married. They were half sixth cousins.
Around 1576 Henry Berkeley (age 35) and Margaret Lygon (age 36) were married. They were half sixth cousins.
In 1582 Edward Seymour 1st Earl Hertford (age 42) and Frances Howard Countess Hertford (age 28) were married. She by marriage Countess Hertford. He the son of Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset and Anne Stanhope Duchess Somerset (age 85). They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England.
In 1583 Philip Sidney (age 28) and Frances Walsingham Countess Essex (age 16) were married. They were half sixth cousins.
On 7th August 1583 William Bourchier 3rd Earl Bath (age 25) and Elizabeth Russell Countess Bath were married at St Mary Major Church, Exeter. She by marriage Countess Bath, Countess Eu. She the daughter of Francis Russell 2nd Earl Bedford (age 56) and Margaret St John Countess Bedford. They were half sixth cousins.
Around 1584 Thomas Clinton 3rd Earl Lincoln (age 13) and Elizabeth Knyvet Countess Lincoln (age 6) were married. He the son of Henry Clinton 2nd Earl Lincoln (age 42) and Catherine Hastings Countess Lincoln (age 41). They were half sixth cousins.
On 25th July 1610 Henry Clifford 5th Earl of Cumberland (age 19) and Frances Cecil Countess Cumberland (age 17) were married. She the daughter of Robert Cecil 1st Earl Salisbury (age 47) and Elizabeth Brooke. He the son of Francis Clifford 4th Earl of Cumberland (age 51) and Grisold Hughes Countess Cumberland. They were half sixth cousins.
In 1614 Edwin Sandes (age 23) and Penelope Bulkeley were married. They were half sixth cousins.
On 7th August 1623 Ferdinando Hastings 6th Earl Huntingdon (age 15) and Lucy Davies Countess Huntingdon (age 10) were married. He the son of Henry Hastings 5th Earl Huntingdon (age 37) and Elizabeth Stanley Countess Huntingdon (age 35). They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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After 1630 Arthur Chichester 1st Earl Donegal (age 23) and Mary Digby Countess Donegal (age 18) were married. She the daughter of John Digby 1st Earl Bristol (age 49) and Beatrice Walcott. They were half sixth cousins.
Before 1638 Robert Greville 2nd Baron Brooke (age 30) and Catherine Russell Baroness Brooke were married. She by marriage Baroness Brooke of Beauchamps Court in Warwickshire. She the daughter of Francis Russell 4th Earl Bedford (age 44) and Catherine Brydges Countess Bedford (age 57). They were half sixth cousins.
On 7th May 1640 Richard Wingfield and Elizabeth Folliot (age 20) were married. She the daughter of Henry Folliott 1st Baron Folliott and Anne Strode Countess Roscommon. They were half sixth cousins.
On 4th June 1646 Thomas Grey (age 23) and Dorothy Bourchier (age 19) were married. She the daughter of Edward Bourchier 4th Earl Bath and Dorothy St John Countess Bath. He the son of Henry Grey 1st Earl Stamford (age 47) and Anne Cecil Countess Stamford (age 50). They were half sixth cousins.
Before 1648 John Cecil 4th Earl Exeter (age 19) and Frances Manners Countess Exeter (age 17) were married. She by marriage Countess Exeter. She the daughter of John Manners 8th Earl of Rutland (age 43) and Frances Montagu Countess Rutland (age 33). He the son of David Cecil 3rd Earl Exeter and Elizabeth Egerton Countess Exeter. They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Before 25th October 1648 William Compton (age 23) and Elizabeth Tollemache Baroness Alington were married. He the son of Spencer Compton 2nd Earl of Northampton and Mary Beaumont Countess of Northampton (age 44). They were half sixth cousins.
In 1656 George Savile 1st Marquess Halifax (age 22) and Dorothy Spencer Lady Savile (age 16) were married. She by marriage Lady Savile of Thornhill. She the daughter of Henry Spencer 1st Earl of Sunderland and Dorothy Sidney Countess Sunderland (age 38). They were half sixth cousins.
On 7th May 1661 Charles Boyle 3rd Baron Clifford (age 21) and Jane Seymour (age 24) were married. She the daughter of William Seymour 2nd Duke of Somerset and Frances Devereux Duchess of Somerset (age 61). He the son of Richard Boyle 2nd Earl Cork 1st Earl Burlington (age 48) and Elizabeth Clifford Countess Burlington (age 47). They were half sixth cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
In or before 1662 Francis Compton (age 32) and Elizabeth Bedell (age 41) were married. He the son of Spencer Compton 2nd Earl of Northampton and Mary Beaumont Countess of Northampton. They were half sixth cousins.
On 1st August 1672 Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton (age 8) and Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton (age 4) were married. She the daughter of Henry Bennet 1st Earl Arlington (age 54) and Elisabeth Nassau Beverweert Countess Arlington (age 38). He the illegitmate son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 42) and Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland (age 31). They were half sixth cousins.
He was created 1st Earl Euston, 1st Viscount Ipswich, 1st Baron Sudbury. Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton by marriage Countess Euston.
On 8th January 1685 Conyers Darcy 2nd Earl Holderness (age 63) and Elizabeth Freschville Countess Holderness (age 51) were married. He the son of Conyers Darcy 1st Earl Holderness (age 85) and Grace Rokeby. They were half sixth cousins.
On 7th March 1685 Charles Sackville 6th Earl Dorset 1st Earl Middlesex (age 42) and Mary Compton Countess Dorset and Middlesex (age 16) were married. She by marriage Countess Dorset, Countess Middlesex. The difference in their ages was 25 years. She the daughter of James Compton 3rd Earl of Northampton and Mary Noel Countess Northampton. He the son of Richard Sackville 5th Earl Dorset and Frances Cranfield Countess Dorset (age 63). They were half sixth cousins.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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In or before 1689 Henry Bayntun (age 24) and Anne Wilmot (age 19) were married. She the daughter of John Wilmot 2nd Earl Rochester and Elizabeth Malet Countess Rochester. They were half sixth cousins.
On 24th July 1714 John Ashburnham 1st Earl Ashburnham (age 27) and Henrietta Stanley Countess Anglesey (age 27) were married. She by marriage Baroness Ashburnham of Ashburnham in Sussex. She the daughter of William Stanley 9th Earl of Derby and Elizabeth Butler Countess Derby (age 54). They were half sixth cousins.
On 28th August 1733 Henry Herbert 6th Earl Montgomery 9th Earl Pembroke (age 40) and Mary Fitzwilliam Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 25) were married. She by marriage Countess Pembroke, Countess Montgomery. He the son of Thomas Herbert 8th Earl Pembroke 5th Earl Montgomery and Margaret Sawyer Countess Pembroke and Montgomery. They were half sixth cousins.
On 17th July 1753 Robert Burdett 4th Baronet (age 37) and Caroline Manners Lady Harpur and Burdett were married. She by marriage Lady Burdett of Bramcote in Warwickshire. She the daughter of John Manners 2nd Duke Rutland and Lucy Sherard Duchess Rutland. They were half sixth cousins.
On 1st August 1754 William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex (age 21) and Frances Hanbury Williams Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of William Capell 3rd Earl Essex and Elizabeth Russell Countess Essex (age 43). They were half sixth cousins.
On 1st April 1757 Charles Lennox 3rd Duke Richmond (age 22) and Mary Bruce Duchess Richmond were married. She by marriage Duchess Richmond. She the daughter of Charles Bruce 4th Earl Elgin 3rd Earl Ailesbury and Caroline Campbell Countess Elgin and Ailesbury (age 36). He the son of Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond and Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond. They were half sixth cousins. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
Before 10th January 1764 Francis Blake Delaval (age 36) and Isabella Tufton were married. She the daughter of Thomas Tufton 6th Earl of Thanet and Catherine Cavendish Countess Isle Thanet. They were half sixth cousins.
On 14th March 1812 William Pole Tylney Long Wellesley 4th Earl Mornington (age 23) and Catherine "The Wiltshire Heiress" Tylney Long (age 23) were married. He the son of William Wellesley aka Wellesley-Pole 3rd Earl Mornington (age 48) and Katherine Forbes Countess Mornington (age 51). They were half sixth cousins.
In 1830 Henry Lowry-Corry (age 26) and Harriet Anne Ashley-Cooper were married. She the daughter of Cropley Ashley-Cooper 6th Earl Shaftesbury (age 61) and Anne Spencer-Churchill Countess Shaftesbury (age 57). He the son of Somerset Lowry-Corry 2nd Earl Belmore (age 55) and Juliana Butler Countess Belmore (age 46). They were half sixth cousins.
On 1st August 1850 Arthur George Onslow (age 30) and Katherine Anne Cust (age 28) were married. She the daughter of John Cust 1st Earl Brownlow (age 70) and Caroline Fludyer Countess Brownlow. He the son of Arthur George Onslow 3rd Earl Onslow (age 72) and Charlotte Hanmer Countess Onslow. They were half sixth cousins.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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In 1861 Dudley Ryder 3rd Earl of Harrowby (age 29) and Mary Frances Cecil Countess Harrowby Lincolnshire (age 29) were married. She the daughter of Brownlow Cecil 2nd Marquess Exeter (age 65) and Frances Isabella Selina Poyntz Marchioness of Exeter (age 57). He the son of Dudley Ryder 2nd Earl of Harrowby (age 62) and Frances Stuart Countess Harrowby Lincolnshire. They were half sixth cousins.
On 12th May 1879 Eustace Balfour (age 24) and Frances Campbell (age 21) were married. She the daughter of George Douglas Campbell 8th Duke Argyll (age 56) and Elizabeth Georgiana Leveson-Gower Duchess Argyll. They were half sixth cousins.
On 8th July 1903 Mervyn Manningham-Buller 3rd Baronet (age 27) and Lilah Constance Cavendish (age 19) were married. They were half sixth cousins.
On 19th August 1918 Osborne De Vere Beauclerk 12th Duke St Albans (age 43) and Beatrix Petty-Fitzmaurice Duchess St Albans (age 41) were married. She the daughter of Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 5th Marquess Lansdowne (age 73) and Maud Evelyn Hamilton Marchioness Lansdowne (age 68). He the son of William Amelius Aubrey Beauclerk 10th Duke St Albans and Grace Bernal Duchess St Albans (age 70). They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 22nd August 1942 Maurice Victor Macmillan (age 21) and Katharine Margaret Alice Ormsby-Gore (age 21) were married. He the son of Harold Macmillan 1st Earl Stockton (age 48) and Dorothy Evelyn Cavendish (age 42). They were half sixth cousins.
On 23rd May 1972 Anthony Noel 6th Earl of Gainsborough (age 22) and Sarah Rose Winnington Countess Gainsborough (age 21) were married. He the son of Anthony Gerard Edward Noel 5th Earl of Gainsborough (age 48) and Mary Stourton Countess Gainsborough (age 46). They were half sixth cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.
Charles William Cavendish and Felicia Susan Lygon were married. She the daughter of Henry Beauchamp Lygon 4th Earl Beauchamp and Susan Caroline Eliot. They were half sixth cousins.
In or before 1661 James Thynne and Isabella Rich were married. She the daughter of Henry Rich 1st Earl Holland and Isabel Cope Countess Holland. They were half sixth cousins.