The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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Horned Headdress is in Female Headwear.
In 1435 Richard Delamere died, and Isabel his wife, died 1421. Monument in the North Transept of Hereford Cathedral [Map]. Figure of man in plate armour, feet on lion, figure of lady in horned headdress and SS collar, two dogs at feet, double canopy with cinque-foiled and sub-cusped arches and crocketted ogee gables and upper cornice, parts of standards and pinnacles missing, foot inscription and three shields-of-arms (a) Delamere, (b) the same impaling Acton.
After 7th June 1438. Monument to John Cockayne [deceased] at St Oswald's Church, Ashbourne [Map]. Early Plate Bascinet and Gorget Period. Lancastrian Esses Collar. Cockerel Crest (most of which is missing). Horned Headdress. Chest with Angels with Rounded Wings holding Shields. Possibly Sutton and Prentys.
On or before 15th November 1448, the date he was buried at St Mary & All Saints Church, Willoughby-on-the-Wolds [Map], Hugh Willoughby died. Monument to Hugh Willoughby and Margaret Freville [aged 47]. Early Plate Bascinet and Gorget Period. Hip Belt. Horned Headdress. Chest with Weepers holding Shields. Dogs chewing at her dress with Studded Collar. Angels Supporting Pillow. Possibly Sutton and Prentys.
Hugh Willoughby: he was born to Edmund Willoughby and Isabel Annesley. Around 1395 Hugh Willoughby and Isabel Foljambe were married. Before 1419 Hugh Willoughby and Margaret Freville were married.
Margaret Freville: In 1401 she was born to Baldwin Freville. In 1493 she died.
Effigy of Sir Robert Grushill and Lady. THERE is a monument in Hoveringham Church, Nottinghamshire, to Sir Robert Goushill, or Grushill, and his Lady, Elizabeth, widow of Thomas Mowbray (that Duke of Norfolk who was banished by Richard the Second), daughter and heiress of Richard Earl of Arundela. We do not, however, think, in this single instance, that the drawing has been rightly appropriated on the face of the plate. The male figure evidently represents a Knight of the Garter, and it does not appear that Sir Robert Goushill was of that noble order. Unfortunately, Mr. Stothard omitted to write at the back of his drawing the name of the monument from which it was taken. After his death, one of his antiquarian friends informed his widow that it represented Sir Robert Goushill. The erroneous information was adopted for lettering the etching; and in supplying the notices for the different Effigies we have in vain endeavoured to rectify the mistake. We would not, however, by omitting the subject, deprive the collection laid before the public, of so elegant a specimen of costume, recorded by Mr. C. Stothards pencil, and faithfully etched by Mr. C. J. Smith. The Lady wears a crescent-horned head-dress, rich fret, and a coronet; the Knight, a costly wreath, in front of which is a spreadeagle, and his feet seem to rest on a bird of the same kind. In front of the basinet are the letters IHS. His head rests on his helmet, furnished with a mantelet and panache. He has the collar of SS round his neck. The gussets and brassarts of his armour are elegantly fluted. Below the cuirass, or plastron, is a clearly defined example of the piece of armour to which Mr. Stothard has alluded in one of his letters, under the name of "pance," "bark" or "barde preu." The tassets are, as usual, appended by straps; by which contrivance the free motion of the thigh was allowed. On the left knee is the garter; and over the greaves, below the knee, we think are indented lambrequins of leather or cloth.
Note a. See Thoroton's Nottinghamshire, by Throsby, vol. III. p. 62, where it is stated that, under Sir Robert Grushiil's head is a Moor's head crowned, which disagrees with the figure before us.
Robert Goushill: Before August 1401 he and Elizabeth Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk were married. She the daughter of Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl of Surrey 4th or 11th Earl of Arundel and Elizabeth Bohun Countess Arundel and Surrey. After 21st July 1403. St Michael's Church, Hoveringham. Monument to Robert Goushill who was killed at the Battle of Shrewsbury.
After 29th March 1461. Monument in Church of St Oswald, Methley [Map] to Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles [deceased] and Joan or Cecily Waterton. He with short hair typical of the period, his head resting on great helm. Livery collar of linked chain, standard (the chain mail around the neck), wearing a coat of arms (or (gold) a lion sable (black)), leg garter at the knee, fluted period with tassets that protect the thighs, his feet on a lion. She wearing a horned headdress, her head resting on a cushion supported by angels, small linked collar. Both with hands clasped in prayer with lots of rings. Little dog chewing at her dress. Chest with Angels with Rounded Wings holding Shields. Dogs chewing at her dress with Studded Collar. Angels Supporting Pillow.
Joan or Cecily Waterton: she was born to Robert Waterton and Cecily Fleming. Before 14th April 1447 Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles and she were married.
After 12th October 1477. Church of St John The Baptist, Kinlet [Map]. Monument to Humphrey Blount [deceased] and Elizabeth Winnington [aged 49]. Fluted Period. He wearing a Suns and Roses Collar. She wearing a fine Horned Headdress with large flap as also detailed in the weepers. Dress Folds at Feet. Dogs chewing at her dress with Studded Collar. Chest with Weepers holding Shields.
Humphrey Blount: In 1421 he was born to John Blount and Alice Bere at Rock, Worcestershire. In 1446 William Lichfield died. The estates at Kinlet, Cleobury Mortimer [Map] were inherited by Humphrey Blount who was the grandson of John Blount of Sodington who had married Isabella Cornwall who was the aunt of William's wife Elizabeth Cornwall. In or before 1447 Humphrey Blount and Elizabeth Winnington were married. On 12th October 1477 Humphrey Blount died at Kinlet, Cleobury Mortimer [Map].
Elizabeth Winnington: Around 1428 she was born to Robert Winnington. After 20th April 1478 she died.
Introduction. Of the crescent horned head-dress, with its pendant drapery, constructed, no doubt, upon wires, the figure of Beatrice Countess of Arundel, presents an extravagant instance. The same appendage, arranged in better taste, appears on the female in the plate lettered Sir Robert Grushill and his Lady: and it will be observed worn under the hoods of the female mourners round Beauchamp Earl of Warwick's tomb." The mantle appears to have been given only to married women, in the monuments of the time of Henry the Fourtha."
Note a. Memoir, p. 332.