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All About History Books

The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

Culture, General Things, Mathematics

Mathematics is in General Things.

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Numbers

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Real Numbers

Real Numbers can be either Algebraic Numbers or Transcendental Number.

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Real Numbers, Transcendental Number

Transcendental Number are numbers which are non-algebraic. They transcend Algebraic Numbers hence the name.

Real Numbers can be either Algebraic Numbers or Transcendental Number.

PI is the ratio of diameter and circumference of a circle. It is a Transcendental Number.

Natural Logarithm of 2. Is the logarithm of 2 to the base of e. It is usually written as ln2. It is a Transcendental Number.

The Alternating Harmonic Series: SUM(1,INFINITY) ( (-1)**(N+1) ) / N = 1 - (1/2) + (1/3) - (1/4) + (1/5) - (1/6) + ....

Or Binary Rising Constant Factorial: SUM(1,INFINITY) 1 / ( ( 2**N ) *N) = 1/2 + 1/8 + 1/24 + 1/64 + 1/160 + 1/384 + 1/896 + ....

Or SUM(0,INFINITY) 1 / ( ( 2N + 1 ) * ( 2N + 2 ) ) = 1 / ( 4N**2 + 6N + 2 ) = 1/2 + 1/12 + 1/30 + 1/56 + 1/90 + 1/132 + 1/182 + 1/240 + ....

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Real Numbers, Transcendental Number, e

e. Euler's Number is 2.718254. It is usually written as 'e'. It is a Transcendental Number.

Euler's Number is the number to which compounding, as in compount interest, converges.

For example, if interest is paid at 100% then after one year £1 becomes £2.

If the interest is charged at 50% twice then the interest will be ( 1 * 1.5 ) * 1.5 = 1.5**2 = 2.25

If the interest is charged at 25% four times then the interest will be ( ( ( ( 1 * 1.25 ) * 1.25 ) * 1.25 ) * 1.25 )= 1.25**4 = 2.44

If the interest is charged at 8.33% twelve times then the interest will be 1.0833**12 = 2.612

If the interest is charged at 4.2% twenty-four times year then the interest will be ( 1.042**4 ) = 2.67

If the interest is charged at 0.1% one thousand times then the interest will be ( 1.001**1000 ) = 2.72

If the interest is charged at an infinite number of times then the interest will be ( 1.00/∞ )**∞ = 2.718254... which is Euler's number.

Euler's Number is the sum of the infinite series ( 1 / n! ) ie 1 + 1 + 1/2 + 1/6 + 1/24 + 1/120 + 1/720 + 1/5040 .... = 2.718281828.

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Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Real Numbers, Transcendental Number, e, Natural Logarithm of 2

Natural Logarithm of 2. Is the logarithm of 2 to the base of e. It is usually written as ln2. It is a Transcendental Number.

The Alternating Harmonic Series: SUM(1,INFINITY) ( (-1)**(N+1) ) / N = 1 - (1/2) + (1/3) - (1/4) + (1/5) - (1/6) + ....

Or Binary Rising Constant Factorial: SUM(1,INFINITY) 1 / ( ( 2**N ) *N) = 1/2 + 1/8 + 1/24 + 1/64 + 1/160 + 1/384 + 1/896 + ....

Or SUM(0,INFINITY) 1 / ( ( 2N + 1 ) * ( 2N + 2 ) ) = 1 / ( 4N**2 + 6N + 2 ) = 1/2 + 1/12 + 1/30 + 1/56 + 1/90 + 1/132 + 1/182 + 1/240 + ....

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Real Numbers, Transcendental Number, e, PI

PI is the ratio of diameter and circumference of a circle. It is a Transcendental Number.

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Series

Culture, General Things, Mathematics, Fibonacci Series

Fibonacci Series. The @@series that starts with 0 and 1. Some mathematicians suggest it starts with 1 and 1. The next term in the series is the sum of its previous two terms: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, etc.