Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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Paternal Family Tree: Hanover
In 1815 [his father] Ernest Augustus King Hanover (age 43) and [his mother] Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover (age 36) were married. She by marriage Duchess Cumberland and Teviotdale. He the son of [his grandfather] King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 76) and [his grandmother] Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England (age 70). They were first cousins.
On 27th May 1819 George V King Hanover was born to [his father] Ernest Augustus King Hanover (age 47) and [his mother] Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover (age 41). He a grandson of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.43%.
On 15th August 1835 George V King Hanover (age 16) was appointed 675th Knight of the Garter by [his uncle] King William IV of the United Kingdom (age 69).
On 20th June 1837 [his uncle] King William IV of the United Kingdom (age 71) died at Windsor Castle [Map]. His niece Victoria (age 18) succeeded I Queen Great Britain and Ireland. His brother [his father] Ernest (age 66) succeeded King Hanover. [his mother] Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover (age 59) by marriage Queen Consort Hanover.
At 5am Francis Nathaniel Conyngham 2nd Marquess Conyngham (age 40) and Archbishop William Howley (age 71) went to Kensington Palace to inform the Princess she was now Queen. Francis Nathaniel Conyngham 2nd Marquess Conyngham was the first to address her as 'Your Majesty'.
On 29th June 1841 [his mother] Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover (age 63) died.
On 18th February 1843 George V King Hanover (age 23) and Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover were married. He the son of Ernest Augustus King Hanover (age 71) and Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover.
On 21st September 1845 [his son] Ernest Augustus Hanover 3rd Duke Cumberland and Teviotdale was born to George V King Hanover (age 26) and [his wife] Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover. He a great grandson of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland. He married 22nd December 1878 his fourth cousin Thyra Glücksburg Duchess Cumberland and Teviotdale, daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark and Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark, and had issue.
On 9th January 1848 [his son] Frederica Hanover was born to George V King Hanover (age 28) and [his wife] Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover. He a great grandson of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 3rd December 1849 [his daughter] Marie Hanover was born to George V King Hanover (age 30) and [his wife] Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover. She a great granddaughter of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 18th November 1851 [his father] Ernest Augustus King Hanover (age 80) died. His son George (age 32) succeeded V King Hanover, 2nd Duke Cumberland and Teviotdale. [his wife] Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover by marriage Queen Consort Hanover.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 12th June 1878 George V King Hanover (age 59) died. His son Ernest (age 32) succeeded 3rd Duke Cumberland and Teviotdale.
Kings Wessex: Great x 22 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 20 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 26 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 21 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 21 Grand Son of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Grand Son of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland
Kings Scotland: Great x 21 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 28 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 13 Grand Son of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 26 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg 
13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King George I Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern 
Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 2 Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland 2 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Wilhelm Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle 14 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleonore Esmier D'Olbreuse Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg
Great x 1 Grandfather: Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Albert Hohenzollern 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Frederick Hohenzollern 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
GrandFather: King George III of Great Britain and Ireland Grand Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg I Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Augustus Duke of Saxe Weissenfels 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Duchess Magdalena Sibylle of Saxe Gotha Altenburg 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Augusta Saxe Coburg Altenburg 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Magdalena Augusta Anhalt-Zerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg
Father: Ernest Augustus King Hanover Son of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Duke John VII of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Duke Adolphus Frederick I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophia Oldenburg 
11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Duke Adolphus Frederick II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Julius Ernst Duke of Brunswick-Dannenberg 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maria Katharina 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Louis Frederick Duke of Mecklenburg 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Anton Günther I Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Great x 3 Grandfather: Christian William I Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Great x 2 Grandmother: Christiane Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
GrandMother: Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ernest Saxe Gotha 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ernest Frederick Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Albert Count of Erbach-Schönberg
Great x 3 Grandfather: George Louis I Count of Erbach-Erbach
Great x 2 Grandmother: Countess Sophia Albertine of Erbach-Erbach
George V King Hanover Grand Son of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Duke John VII of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Duke Adolphus Frederick I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophia Oldenburg 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Duke Adolphus Frederick II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Julius Ernst Duke of Brunswick-Dannenberg 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maria Katharina 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Louis Frederick Duke of Mecklenburg 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Anton Günther I Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Great x 3 Grandfather: Christian William I Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Great x 2 Grandmother: Christiane Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
GrandFather: Grand Duke Charles II of Mecklenburg Strelitz 13 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ernest Saxe Gotha 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ernest Frederick Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Albert Count of Erbach-Schönberg
Great x 3 Grandfather: George Louis I Count of Erbach-Erbach
Great x 2 Grandmother: Countess Sophia Albertine of Erbach-Erbach
Mother: Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover 14 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis VI Landgrave of Hesse Darmstadt 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Landgrave Ernest Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Landgrave Louis VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt 12 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
GrandMother: Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg