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Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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Marquess Ormonde is in Marquis and Marquess Ireland.
In 1816 Walter Butler 1st Marquess Ormonde (age 45) was created 1st Marquess Ormonde. Anne Price-Clarke (age 27) by marriage Marchioness Ormonde.
On 10th August 1820 Walter Butler 1st Marquess Ormonde (age 50) died without issue. Marquess Ormonde extinct. His brother James (age 43) succeeded 19th Earl Ormonde, 13th Earl Ossory. Grace Louisa Staples Marchioness Ormonde by marriage Countess Ormonde Countess Ossory.
On 30th August 1642 James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde (age 31) was created 1st Marquess Ormonde. Elizabeth Preston Duchess Ormonde (age 27) by marriage Marchioness Ormonde.
On 21st July 1688 James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde (age 77) died. His grandson James (age 23) de jure 2nd Duke Ormonde, 2nd Marquess Ormonde, 13th Earl Ormonde, 6th Earl Ossory. Mary Somerset Duchess Ormonde (age 24) by marriage Duchess Ormonde.
On 16th November 1745 James Butler 2nd Duke Ormonde (age 80) died. His coffin-plate says 5th November 1645. He was buried in the Duke of Ormonde Vault, King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey. His brother Charles (age 74) de jure 3rd Duke Ormonde (he didn't claim the title since his brother the second duke had been attainted for supporting the Jacobite rebellion), 3rd Marquess Ormonde, 14th Earl Ormonde, 7th Earl Ossory.
On 17th December 1758 Charles Butler 3rd Duke Ormond (age 87) died without issue at his lodgings at Whitehall Palace [Map]. He was buried at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map]. Duke Ormonde, Marquess Ormonde, Earl Arran extinct. His second cousin once removed John de jure 16th Earl Ormonde, 8th Earl Ossory although he never used these titles.