Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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Biography of King John I of Bohemia 1296-1346

Paternal Family Tree: Luxemburg

King John I of Bohemia and Beatrice Bourbon Queen Bohemia were married. She by marriage Queen Bohemia. He the son of Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor and Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur.

On 9th July 1292 [his father] Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor [aged 17] and [his mother] Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur were married at Tervuren. He the son of [his grandfather] Henry Luxemburg VI Count Luxemburg and [his grandmother] Beatrice Avesnes Countess Luxemburg.

On 10th August 1296 King John I of Bohemia was born to [his father] Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor [aged 21] and [his mother] Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur.

In 1310 King John I of Bohemia [aged 13] was created I King Bohemia.

In 1312 [his father] Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor [aged 37] was created VII Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg. [his mother] Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur by marriage Countess Luxemburg, Countess Namur.

Before 8th July 1313 King John I of Bohemia [aged 16] and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia [aged 21] were married. She by marriage Queen Bohemia. She the daughter of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland and Queen Judith of Bohemia and Poland. He the son of Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor [aged 38] and Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur.

On 8th July 1313 [his daughter] Margaret Luxemburg was born to King John I of Bohemia [aged 16] and [his wife] Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia [aged 21]. She married 12th August 1328 her fourth cousin once removed Henry Wittelsbach XIV Duke Bavaria, son of Stephen Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria and Jutta Jawor Duchess Bavaria, and had issue.

On 24th August 1313 [his father] Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor [aged 38] died. He was buried at Pisa Duomo. His half fourth cousin Louis [aged 31] succeeded IV Holy Roman Emperor.

On 20th May 1315 [his daughter] Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France was born to King John I of Bohemia [aged 18] and [his wife] Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia [aged 23]. She married 28th July 1332 her fourth cousin once removed King John "The Good" II of France, son of King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France and Joan "Lame" Burgundy Queen Consort France, and had issue.

The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel Volume 1 Chapters 1-60 1307-1342

The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel offer one of the most vivid and immediate accounts of 14th-century Europe, written by a knight who lived through the events he describes, and experienced some of them first hand. Covering the early decades of the Hundred Years’ War, this remarkable chronicle follows the campaigns of Edward III of England, the politics of France and the Low Countries, and the shifting alliances that shaped medieval warfare. Unlike later historians, Jean le Bel writes with a strong sense of eyewitness authenticity, drawing on personal experience and the testimony of fellow soldiers. His narrative captures not only battles and sieges, but also the realities of military life, diplomacy, and the ideals of chivalry that governed noble society. A key source for Jean Froissart, Le Bel’s chronicle stands on its own as a compelling and insightful work, at once historical record and literary achievement. This translation builds on the 1905 edition published in French by Jules Viard, adding extensive translations from other sources Rymer's Fœdera, the Chronicles of Adam Murimuth, William Nangis, Walter of Guisborough, a Bourgeois of Valenciennes, Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke and Richard Lescot to enrich the original text and Viard's notes.

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On 14th May 1316 [his son] Charles IV King Bohemia Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg was born to King John I of Bohemia [aged 19] and [his wife] Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia [aged 24]. He married (1) 1335 his fourth cousin once removed Blanche Valois Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg, daughter of Charles Valois I Count Valois and Mahaut Chatillon Countess Valois, and had issue (2) before 1350 Anna Bavaria Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg (3) before 19th April 1358 Anna Schweidnitz Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg and had issue (4) in or before 1366 Elizabeth Pomerania Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg and had issue.

After 19th May 1322 [his brother-in-law] Charles IV King France I King Navarre [aged 27] and [his sister] Marie Luxemburg Queen Consort France [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of [his father] Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor and [his mother] Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur. He the son of King Philip IV of France and Joan Blois I Queen Navarre. They were fourth cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 26th March 1324 [his sister] Marie Luxemburg Queen Consort France [aged 20] died at Issoudun [Map].

On 12th August 1328 [his son-in-law] Henry Wittelsbach XIV Duke Bavaria [aged 22] and Margaret Luxemburg [aged 15] were married. She the daughter of King John I of Bohemia [aged 32] and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia [aged 36]. He the son of Stephen Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria and Jutta Jawor Duchess Bavaria. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 28th September 1330 [his wife] Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia [aged 38] died.

On 28th July 1332 [his son-in-law] King John "The Good" II of France [aged 13] and Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of King John I of Bohemia [aged 35] and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia. He the son of King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France [aged 38] and Joan "Lame" Burgundy Queen Consort France [aged 39]. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

In 1335 Charles IV King Bohemia Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg [aged 18] and Blanche Valois Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg [aged 18] were married. She the daughter of Charles Valois I Count Valois and Mahaut Chatillon Countess Valois [aged 42]. He the son of King John I of Bohemia [aged 38] and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia. They were fourth cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

On 25th February 1337 [his son] Wensceslaus Luxemburg Duke of Brabant was born to King John I of Bohemia [aged 40] and Beatrice Bourbon Queen Bohemia.

On 11th July 1341 [his daughter] Margaret Luxemburg [aged 28] died.

Battle of Crécy

On 26th August 1346 the army of King Edward III of England [aged 33] defeated the French army at the Battle of Crécy. The English army was commanded by King Edward III of England, his son Edward "Black Prince" [aged 16], Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick [aged 33], William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton [aged 36] and John Beauchamp 1st Baron Beauchamp Warwick [aged 30].

The English army was included: Bishop Thomas of Hatfield [aged 36], Hugh Despencer 1st Baron Despencer [aged 38], Bernard Brocas [aged 16], Thomas Felton [aged 16], James Audley [aged 28], Robert Bourchier 1st Baron Bourchier, Bartholomew "The Elder" Burghesh 1st Baron Burghesh [aged 59], Bartholomew "The Younger" Burghesh 2nd Baron Burghesh [aged 18], Reginald Cobham 1st Baron Cobham [aged 51], John Darcy 1st Baron Darcy of Knayth [aged 66], Robert Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 37], Richard Scrope 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 19], William Scrope [aged 21], Stephen Scrope [aged 21], William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby [aged 16], John Lisle 2nd Baron Lisle [aged 28], Gerard Lisle 1st Baron Lisle [aged 42], Nicholas Longford [aged 61], Edward Montagu 1st Baron Montagu, Walter Paveley 4th Baron Burghesh [aged 27], Michael Poynings 1st Baron Poynings [aged 28], Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk [aged 48], John de Vere 7th Earl of Oxford [aged 34], Thomas West [aged 34], John Willoughby 2nd Baron Willoughby [aged 43], John Wingfield [aged 26], Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy [aged 25], Hugh Courtenay 2nd or 10th Earl Devon [aged 43] (possibly), Walter "Elder" Devereux [aged 37], John Devereux [aged 44], Enion Sais Brecon, John Chandos [aged 26], Richard Pembridge [aged 26] and John Sully [aged 63].

The French army suffered significant casualties. King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France [aged 52] was wounded. William de Coucy [aged 60] and his son Enguerrand 6th Lord de Coucy [aged 33] and were killed.

Charles II Count Alençon [aged 49] was killed. His son Charles [aged 9] succeeded Count Alençon.

Louis Chatillon II Count Blois I Count Chatillon was killed. His son Louis succeeded III Count Blois.

Louis Dampierre II Count Nevers I Count Flanders [aged 42] was killed. His son Louis [aged 15] succeeded III Count Nevers, II Count Flanders.

King John I of Bohemia [aged 50] was killed. His son Charles [aged 30] succeeded IV King Bohemia, Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg. Blanche Valois Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg [aged 29] by marriage Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg.

Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 26] was killed. His son John succeeded I Duke Lorraine.

Jean IV de Harcourt [aged 39] was killed.

[his daughter] Anna Luxemburg was born to King John I of Bohemia and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia.

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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[his son] John Henry Luxemburg was born to King John I of Bohemia and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia.

[his son] Otto Luxemburg was born to King John I of Bohemia and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia.

[his daughter] Elizabeth Luxemburg was born to King John I of Bohemia and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia.

Royal Ancestors of King John I of Bohemia 1296-1346

Kings Wessex: Great x 11 Grand Son of King Edward "Elder" of the Anglo Saxons

Kings England: Great x 6 Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Kings Franks: Great x 14 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 9 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 12 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Royal Descendants of King John I of Bohemia 1296-1346
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France [1]

Charles IV King Bohemia Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg [1]

Ancestors of King John I of Bohemia 1296-1346

Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Luxemburg II Duke Limburg

Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Luxemburg III Duke Limburg

Great x 4 Grandmother: Mathilda Saffenburg Duchess Limburg

Great x 2 Grandfather: Waleran Luxemburg III Duke Limburg

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophia Saarbrücken Duchess Limburg

Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry "Great" Luxemburg V Count Luxemburg III Count Namur

Great x 4 Grandfather: Godfrey Namur I Count Namur

Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry "Blind" Namur IV Count Luxemburg I Count Namur

Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermesinde Luxemburg Countess Namur

Great x 2 Grandmother: Erminsende Namur Countess of Bar

Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry I Count Guelders

Great x 3 Grandmother: Agnes Guelders Countess Namur and Luxemburg

Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnes Arnstein Countess Guelders

GrandFather: Henry Luxemburg VI Count Luxemburg 5 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Renauld of Bar II Count of Bar

Great x 3 Grandfather: Theobald of Bar I Count of Bar 2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnes Blois Countess of Bar Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry of Bar II Count of Bar 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Erminsende of Bar Sur Seine Countess Bar

Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret of Bar Countess Luxemburg and Namur 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert "Great" Capet I Count Dreux

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Capet II Count Dreux

Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnes Baudemont Countess Dreux

Great x 2 Grandmother: Philippa Capet Countess of Bar

Great x 4 Grandfather: Raoul Coucy

Great x 3 Grandmother: Yolande Coucy Countess Dreux

Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnes Flanders

Father: Henry Luxemburg VII Holy Roman Emperor 5 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: James Avesnes

Great x 1 Grandfather: Bouchard Avesnes

Great x 3 Grandfather: Bouchard Guise

Great x 2 Grandmother: Adela Guise

GrandMother: Beatrice Avesnes Countess Luxemburg 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin Flanders IV Count Hainaut

Great x 3 Grandfather: Baldwin Flanders V Count Hainaut

Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Namur Countess Hainault

Great x 2 Grandfather: Baldwin IX Count Flanders VI Count Hainaut

Great x 4 Grandfather: Thierry Count Flanders

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Metz Countess Hainaut and Flanders

Great x 4 Grandmother: Sibylla Anjou Countess Essex

Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret II Countess Flanders 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Theobald Blois II Count Champagne IV Count Blois Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Blois I Count Champagne Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Matilda Carinthia Countess Champagne and Blois

Great x 2 Grandmother: Marie Blois Countess Flanders 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

King John I of Bohemia 6 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

GrandFather: John I Brabant

Mother: Margaret Brabant Countess Luxemburg and Namur