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Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

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Biography of Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway 1836-1913

Paternal Family Tree: Nassau-Weilburg

On 23rd April 1829 [her father] Duke William of Nassau (age 36) and [her mother] Princess Pauline of Württemberg (age 19) were married. They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 9th July 1836 Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway was born to [her father] Duke William of Nassau (age 44) and [her mother] Princess Pauline of Württemberg (age 26). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 20 or 30th August 1839 [her father] Duke William of Nassau (age 47) died.

On 7th July 1856 [her mother] Princess Pauline of Württemberg (age 46) died.

On 6th June 1857 King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 28) and Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 20) were married.

On 16th June 1858 [her son] Gustav V King Sweden was born to [her husband] King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 29) and Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 21).

On 27th February 1861 [her son] Prince Carl Duke of Västergötland was born to [her husband] King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 32) and Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 24).

On 18th September 1872 [her brother-in-law] Charles XV King Sweden IV King Norway (age 46) died. His brother [her husband] Oscar (age 43) succeeded King Sweden and King Norway. Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 36) by marriage Queen Sweden and Queen Norway.

Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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On 8th December 1907 [her husband] King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 78) died. His son [her son] Gustav (age 49) succeeded V King Sweden.

On 30th December 1913 Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 77) died.

Royal Ancestors of Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway 1836-1913

Kings Wessex: Great x 24 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 27 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings Godwinson: Great x 23 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Great x 3 Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Kings Scotland: Great x 23 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 20 Grand Daughter of Louis VII King of the Franks

Kings France: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 28 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Royal Descendants of Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway 1836-1913
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Gustav V King Sweden [1]

Ancestors of Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway 1836-1913

Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Christian Nassau Weilburg

GrandFather: Frederick William Nassau Weilburg Great Grand Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandfather: Willam Karel Hendrik Friso Orange Nassau 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Charles I Landgrave Hesse-Kassel 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie Louise Hesse-Kassel Princess Nassau Dietz 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Maria Amalia of Courland Landgravine Hesse-Kassel 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Carolina Orange Nassau Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: King George I Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 3 Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland 2 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle 14 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Princess Anne Hanover Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Frederick Hohenzollern 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Father: Duke William of Nassau 2 x Great Grand Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandfather: Frederick Eugene Württemberg Duke Württemberg

Great x 1 Grandfather: King Frederick Wilhelm Karl Württemberg 5 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip Hohenzollern 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Friedrich Wilhelm Hohenzollern 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Friederike Sophie Dorothea Hohenzollern 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick William "Soldier King" I King Prussia 2 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea Hohenzollern 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort Prussia 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

GrandFather: Prince Paul Heinrich Württemberg 2 x Great Grand Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Ferdinand Albert II Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles I Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 15 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles William Ferdinand Brunswick Bevern 16 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Augusta Caroline Brunswick Bevern Great Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland 2 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Princess Augusta Charlotte Hanover Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Augusta Saxe Coburg Altenburg 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Magdalena Augusta Anhalt-Zerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg

Mother: Princess Pauline of Württemberg 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland