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The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Paternal Family Tree: Keppel
Before 5th June 1702 [his father] Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle (age 32) and [his mother] Geertruid Johanna Quirina Van Der Duyn Countess Albermarle were married. She by marriage Countess Albermarle.
On 5th June 1702 William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle was born to [his father] Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle (age 32) and [his mother] Geertruid Johanna Quirina Van Der Duyn Countess Albermarle at Whitehall Palace [Map].
On 16th June 1702 William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle was baptised with Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland (age 37) as godparent at St Martin in the Fields Church [Map].
On 30th May 1718 [his father] Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle (age 48) died. His son William (age 15) succeeded 2nd Earl Albermarle, 2nd Viscount Bury in Lancashire, 2nd Baron Ashford of Ashford in Kent.
On 21st February 1722 William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 19) and Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 18) were married at Caversham, Reading. She by marriage Countess Albermarle. She the daughter of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 49) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 51). He the son of Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle and Geertruid Johanna Quirina Van Der Duyn Countess Albermarle.
On 27th May 1723 [his father-in-law] Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 50) died. His son [his brother-in-law] Charles (age 22) succeeded 2nd Duke Richmond, 2nd Earl March, 2nd Baron Settrington. Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond (age 17) by marriage Duchess Richmond.
On 8th April 1724 [his son] George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 21) and [his wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 20). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 20th April 1770 Anne Miller Countess Albermarle, daughter of John Miller 4th Baronet, and had issue.
On 25th April 1725 [his son] Augustus Keppel 1st Viscount Keppel was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 22) and [his wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 21). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
In 1726 [his brother-in-law] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond (age 24) was appointed 544th Knight of the Garter by King George I (age 65). Johnathan "The Elder" Richardson (age 58) painted his portrait with the Garter Star.
On 5th November 1727 [his son] William Keppel was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 25) and [his wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 24). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 19th January 1728 [his son] Bishop Frederick Keppel was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 25) and [his wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 24). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 13th September 1758 Laura Walpole and had issue.
In 1734 [his daughter] Caroline Keppel was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 31) and [his wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 30). She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married Robert Adair of Stratford Place and had issue.
In 1739 [his daughter] Elizabeth Keppel was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 36) and [his wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 35). She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married 8th June 1764 her fifth cousin once removed Francis Russell, son of John Russell 4th Duke Bedford and Gertrude Leveson-Gower Duchess Bedford, and had issue.
In 1745 Thomas Hudson (age 44). Portrait of William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 42).
In 1749 King George II of Great Britain and Ireland (age 65) created new Garter Knights as follows:
560th Johann Adolph Wettin Duke Saxe Weissenfels,
561st King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 10),
562nd Charles William Frederick "The Wild Margrave" Hohenzollern (age 36),
563rd Thomas Osborne 4th Duke Leeds (age 35),
564th John Russell 4th Duke Bedford (age 38),
565th William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 46),
566th John Carteret 2nd Earl Granville (age 58).
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On 8th August 1750 [his brother-in-law] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond (age 49) died. His son Charles (age 15) succeeded 3rd Duke Richmond, 3rd Earl March, 3rd Baron Settrington.
On 22nd December 1754 William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 52) died. His son George (age 30) succeeded 3rd Earl Albermarle, 3rd Viscount Bury in Lancashire, 3rd Baron Ashford of Ashford in Kent.
On 20th October 1789 [his former wife] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 86) died in Admiralty House Whitehall Palace.
Letters of Horace Walpole. P. S. I am very sorry for your sake that the Prince and Princess(10) are leaving Florence; if ever I return thither, as I always flatter myself I shall, I should miss them extremely. Lord Albemarle goes ambassador to Paris.
Note 10. Craon.
GrandFather: Oswald Keppel 
William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle
GrandFather: Adam Van Der Duyn
Mother: Geertruid Johanna Quirina Van Der Duyn Countess Albermarle