William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Biography of Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington 1697-1763

Paternal Family Tree: Stewart

Maternal Family Tree: Ann Mainwaring of Ightfield 1602-1682

In 1679 [her father] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland [aged 16] and Mary Wood Duchess Southampton [aged 16] were married. She by marriage Duchess Southampton. He the illegitmate son of [her grandfather] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 48] and [her grandmother] Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland [aged 38].

In 1694 [her father] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland [aged 31] and [her mother] Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland [aged 30] were married. She by marriage Duchess Southampton. He the illegitmate son of [her grandfather] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland and [her grandmother] Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland [aged 53].

On 28th March 1697 Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington was born to [her father] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland [aged 34] and [her mother] Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland [aged 33]. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 8th April 1697 Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington was christened St James' Church.

On 9th October 1709 [her grandmother] Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland [aged 68] died at Chiswick Mall. Her son [her father] Charles [aged 47] succeeded 2nd Duke Cleveland, 2nd Earl of Southampton and 2nd Baron Nonsuch. [her mother] Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland [aged 45] by marriage Duchess Cleveland.

On 2nd September 1725 Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 20] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 28] were married. She the daughter of Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland [aged 63] and Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland [aged 61].

In 1726 [her daughter] Anne Vane was born to [her husband] Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 21] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 28]. She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married (1) 20th March 1745 Charle Hope-Weir aka Vere, son of Charles Hope 1st Earl Hopetoun and Henrietta Johnstone.

Around 1727 [her son] Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington was born to [her husband] Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 22] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 29]. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 19th March 1757 Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington and had issue.

On 9th September 1730 [her father] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland [aged 68] died. He was buried in the Duke of Ormonde Vault, King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey. His son [her brother] William [aged 32] succeeded 3rd Duke Cleveland, 2nd Duke Southampton, 3rd Earl of Southampton, 2nd Earl Chichester, 3rd Baron Nonsuch and 2nd Baron Newbury.

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

On 26th June 1732 [her son] Frederick Vane was born to [her husband] Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 27] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 35]. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married Henrietta Meredith.

On 2nd January 1736 [her son] Raby Vane was born to [her husband] Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 31] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 38]. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 20th March 1745 [her son-in-law] Charle Hope-Weir aka Vere [aged 34] and Anne Vane [aged 19] were married. She the daughter of Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 40] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 47]. He the son of Charles Hope 1st Earl Hopetoun and Henrietta Johnstone [aged 62].

On 20th February 1746 [her mother] Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland [aged 82] died. She was buried in the Duke of Ormonde Vault, King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey.

In 1753 [her father-in-law] Gilbert Vane 2nd Baron Barnard [aged 75] died. His son [her husband] Henry [aged 48] succeeded 3rd Baron Barnard. Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 55] by marriage Baroness Barnard.

In 1754 [her husband] Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 49] was created 1st Earl Darlington, 1st Viscount Barnard. Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 56] by marriage Countess Darlington.

In 1757 [her son-in-law] Charle Hope-Weir aka Vere [aged 46] and [her daughter] Anne Vane [aged 31] were divorced by Act of Parliament.

On 19th March 1757 Henry Vane 2nd Earl Darlington [aged 30] and Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington [aged 29] were married at London. He the son of Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 52] and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 59].

In 1758 [her daughter] Harriet Vane died.

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

On 6th March 1758 [her husband] Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 53] died. His son Henry [aged 31] succeeded 2nd Earl Darlington, 2nd Viscount Barnard, 4th Baron Barnard. Margaret Lowther Countess Darlington [aged 30] by marriage Countess Darlington.

On 29th September 1763 Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 66] died.

[her son] Charles Vane was born to Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

[her daughter] Harriet Vane was born to Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington. She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

[her daughter] Mary Vane was born to Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington and Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington. She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington 1697-1763 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

Royal Ancestors of Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington 1697-1763

Kings Wessex: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 15 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings Godwinson: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Grand Daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Kings Scotland: Great x 17 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 25 Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 2 Grand Daughter of Henry IV King France

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Ancestors of Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington 1697-1763

Great x 4 Grandfather: Matthew Stewart 4th Earl Lennox 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry "Lord Darnley" Stewart Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Douglas Countess Lennox Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandfather: King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: King James V of Scotland Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 3 Grandmother: Mary Queen of Scots Great Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Christian III King of Denmark 10 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick II King of Denmark 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway

Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Ulrich Mecklenburg-Schwerin 11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophie Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark 12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

GrandFather: King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland Son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Charles Bourbon Duke Vendôme 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Antoine King Navarre 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Françoise Valois Countess Vendôme 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: King Henry II of Navarre 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Marguerite Valois Orléans Queen Consort Navarre 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Marie de Medici Queen Consort France 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Joanna of Austria Grand Duchess Tuscany 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Jagiellon 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Father: Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 3 Grandfather: George Villiers of Brokesby

Great x 4 Grandmother: Collette Clarke

Great x 2 Grandfather: Edward Villiers

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Saunders of Harrington Northamptonshire

Great x 3 Grandmother: Audrey Saunders

Great x 1 Grandfather: William Villiers 2nd Viscount Grandison 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Nicholas St John 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: John St John 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Blount 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Barbara St John 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter Hungerford 10 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Lucy Hungerford 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Dormer

GrandMother: Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Paul Bayning 1st Viscount Bayning

Great x 1 Grandmother: Mary Bayning Countess Anglesey 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Glemham

Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne Glemham Viscountess Bayning 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Sackville 1st Earl Dorset 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Sackville 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Cicely Baker Countess Dorset

Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington Grand Daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 1 Grandfather: Michael Poultney of Bray in Berkshire

GrandFather: William Pulteney

Mother: Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Corbet 6 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Reginald Corbet 7 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Vernon 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Corbet 8 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: John Corbet 1st Baronet 9 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

GrandMother: Grace Corbet 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Mainwaring 8 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Arthur Mainwaring 9 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: George Mainwaring 10 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Ann Mainwaring of Ightfield 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England