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Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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Paternal Family Tree: Dunkeld
Before 1031 [his father] King Duncan I of Scotland (age 29) and [his mother] Bethóc Unknown Queen Consort Scotland were married.
Around 1032 King Donald III of Scotland was born to [his father] King Duncan I of Scotland (age 31) and [his mother] Bethóc Unknown Queen Consort Scotland.
On 25th November 1034 King Malcolm II of Alba (age 80) died. [his father] King Duncan I of Scotland (age 33) succeeded I King Scotland. [his mother] Bethóc Unknown Queen Consort Scotland by marriage Queen Consort Scotland.
On 14th August 1040 [his father] King Duncan I of Scotland (age 39) was killed in action by the army of King Macbeth of Scotland (age 35). King Macbeth of Scotland succeeded King Scotland.
On 16th March 1058 Lulach King Scotland died. [his brother] King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 26) succeeded III King Scotland.
Before 1060 [his brother] King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 28) and [his sister-in-law] Ingibiorg Finnsdottir Queen Consort Scotland were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. He the son of [his father] King Duncan I of Scotland and [his mother] Bethóc Unknown Queen Consort Scotland.
Before 1070 [his brother] King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 38) and [his sister-in-law] Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland (age 24) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. He the son of [his father] King Duncan I of Scotland and [his mother] Bethóc Unknown Queen Consort Scotland.
On 13th November 1093 the Battle of Alnwick was fought at Alnwick, Northumberland [Map] between the forces of [his brother] King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 62) and Robert de Mowbray 1st Earl Northumbria.
King Malcolm III of Scotland was killed at The Peth Alnwick [Map]. His son [his nephew] Duncan (age 33) succeeded II King Scotland. He died a year minus day later.
Malcolm's son [his nephew] Edward Dunkeld was killed.
Edward Dunkeld: he was born to King Malcolm III of Scotland and Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland. On 16th November 1093 Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland died three days after her husband King Malcolm III of Scotland and her son Edward Dunkeld were killed at the Battle of Alnwick.
On 16th November 1093 [his former sister-in-law] Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland (age 48) died three days after her husband [his brother] King Malcolm III of Scotland (deceased) and her son [his nephew] Edward Dunkeld were killed at the Battle of Alnwick.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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Chronicon ex Chronicis by Florence and John of Worcester. After 16th November 1093. After her death the Scots elected for their king, Donald (age 61), brother of king Malcolm, and expelled from Scotland all the English who belonged to the king's court. [his nephew] Duncan (age 33), king Malcolm's son, hearing of these events, besought king William, in whose army he then served, to grant him his father's kingdom, and obtaining his request swore fealty to him. He then hastened to Scotland, with a host of English and Normans, and expelling his uncle Donald reigned in his stead. Thereupon some of the Scots banded together and slew nearly all his men, a few only escaping with him. But afterwards they restored him to the throne, on condition that he should no longer harbour either Englishmen or Normans in Scotland, and permit them to serve in his army.
On 12th November 1094 [his nephew] King Duncan II of Scotland (age 34) ambushed and killed in battle. His uncle Donald (age 62) succeeded III King Scotland.
John of Fordun's Chronicle. [12th November 1094]. Meanwhile [his nephew] Duncan (age 34), King Malcolm's illegitimate son, when he was with King William Rufus, in England, as a hostage, was by him dubbed knight; and, backed up by his help, he arrived in Scotland, put his uncle Donald to flight, and was set up as king. But when he had reigned a year and six months, he fell slain at Monthechin by the Earl of Mernys, by name Malpetri, in Scottish, Malpedir, through the wiles of his uncle Donald (age 62), whom he had often vanquished in battle; and he was buried in the island of Iona.
In 1099 King Donald III of Scotland (age 67) died. He was buried at Dunfermline Abbey [Map] and subsequently reburied in Iona. His nephew [his nephew] Edgar (age 25) succeeded I King Scotland.
Kings Scotland: Son of King Duncan I of Scotland