Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Scotland Lords Spiritual

Scotland Lords Spiritual is in Scotland.

Abbot

Abbot Arbroath

George Hepburn Bishop Isles was appointed Abbot Arbroath.

Abbot Coupar Angus

Donald Campbell Abbot Coupar Angus was appointed Abbot Coupar Angus.

Abbot Holyrood

Before 2nd October 1528 William Douglas Prior of Coldingham (age 35) was appointed Abbot Holyrood.

Archbishop

Archbishop of Glasgow

On 9th January 1492 Archbishop of Glasgow was appointed Archbishop of Glasgow; the first Archbishop of Glasgow, holding as suffragans the bishop of Dunkeld, the bishop of Dunblane, the bishop of Argyll, and the bishop of Galloway.

Archbishop of St Andrews

Around May 1497 King James IV of Scotland (age 24) nominated his brother James of Ross (age 21) to be Archbishop of St Andrews. James of Ross was a minor, and so the revenues of the archbishopric would be controlled by King James.

On 28th November 1547 Archbishop John Hamilton (age 35) was appointed ArchBishop of St Andrews.

Around August 1548 Cardinal David Beaton was consecrated as ArchBishop of St Andrews.

Archbishop Alexander Stewart was appointed ArchBishop of St Andrews.

Dean

Dean Brechin Cathedral

Hugh Douglas was appointed Dean Brechin Cathedral.

Prior

Prior of St Andrew's

In 1538 James Stewart 1st Earl of Moray Regent (age 7) was appointed Prior of St Andrew's securing his income.