Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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Madrid, Spain, Europe [Map]

Madrid is in Spain.

1485 Birth of Catherine of Aragon

1623 Charles I's Trip to Spain

See: El Escorial Palace, Palace of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid [Map], Royal Alcázar of Madrid.

On 21st June 1528 Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor [aged 28] and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain [aged 24] at Madrid [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. She married 13th September 1548 her first cousin Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor, son of Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor and Anne Jagiellon, and had issue.

On 22nd October 1577 Henry Parker 12th Baron Marshal 11th Baron Morley [aged 44] died in Madrid [Map]. His son Edward [aged 27] succeeded 13th Baron Marshal, 12th Baron Morley. Elizabeth Stanley Baroness Marshal Morley [aged 19] by marriage Baroness Marshal, Baroness Morley.

On 26th February 1603 Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress [aged 74] died at Madrid [Map].

Around 1620 Antonio Francesca Mesia Conde de Molina was born in Madrid [Map].

Charles I's Trip to Spain

On 7th March 1623 King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 22], accompanied by George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham [aged 30], Endymion Porter [aged 36] and Richard Wynn 2nd Baronet [aged 35], arrived in Madrid [Map], incognito, in an attempt to bring to a conclusion his betrothal to Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress [aged 16], much to the surprise of her brother Philip IV King Spain [aged 17] and the English ambassador John Digby 1st Earl Bristol [aged 43]. The negotiations ultimately failed.

John Evelyn's Diary. 25th April 1650. I went out of town to see Madrid [Map], a palace so called, built by Francis I. It is observable only for its open manner of architecture, being much of terraces and galleries one over another to the very roof; and for the materials, which are mostly of earth painted like porcelain, or China-ware, whose colors appear very fresh, but is very fragile. There are whole statues and relievos of this pottery, chimney-pieces, and columns both within and without. Under the chapel is a chimney in the midst of a room parted from the Salle des Gardes. The house is fortified with a deep ditch, and has an admirable vista toward the Bois de Boulogne and river.

On 25th December 1651 Pedro Manuel Colón 7th Duke Veragua was born at Madrid [Map].

Around July 1657 Colonel George Goring [aged 48] died in Madrid [Map].

On 29th November 1674 Antonio Francesca Mesia Conde de Molina [aged 54] died in Madrid [Map].

On 11th July 1696 William Godolphin [aged 61] died at Madrid [Map].

Annals of the six Kings of England by Nicholas Trivet

Translation of the Annals of the Six Kings of England by that traces the rise and rule of the Angevin aka Plantagenet dynasty from the mid-12th to early 14th century. Written by the Dominican scholar Nicholas Trivet, the work offers a vivid account of English history from the reign of King Stephen through to the death of King Edward I, blending political narrative with moral reflection. Covering the reigns of six monarchs—from Stephen to Edward I—the chronicle explores royal authority, rebellion, war, and the shifting balance between crown, church, and nobility. Trivet provides detailed insight into defining moments such as baronial conflicts, Anglo-French rivalry, and the consolidation of royal power under Edward I, whose reign he describes with particular immediacy. The Annals combines careful year-by-year reporting with thoughtful interpretation, presenting history not merely as a sequence of events but as a moral and political lesson. Ideal for readers interested in medieval history, kingship, and the origins of the English state, this chronicle remains a valuable and accessible window into the turbulent world of the Plantagenet kings.

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In October 1713 William George Sutton [aged 16] died at Madrid [Map].

On 14th February 1714 Maria Luisa Savoy [aged 25] died at Madrid [Map].

On 31st October 1734 William North 6th Baron North [aged 55] died in Madrid [Map]. His first cousin once removed Francis [aged 30] succeeded 7th Baron North.

On 12th January 1763 William Pulteney [aged 32] died in Madrid [Map] of a fever. In March 1763 he was buried in Westminster Abbey [Map].

On 7th September 1787 Carlos Fitz James Stuart 10th Duke Veragua 4th Duke Berwick [aged 35] died at Madrid [Map]. His son Jacobo [aged 14] succeeded 10th Duke Veragua, 5th Duke of Jérica, 5th Duke of Liria, 5th Duke Berwick.

On 3rd April 1794 Jacobo Fitz James Stuart 10th Duke Veragua 5th Duke Berwick [aged 21] died at Madrid [Map]. His son Jacobo [aged 2] succeeded 11th Duke Veragua, 6th Duke of Jérica, 6th Duke of Liria, 6th Duke Berwick.

On 19th May 1794 Carlos Miguel Fitz James Stuart 12th Duke Veragua 7th Duke Berwick 14th Duke Alba was born to Jacobo Fitz James Stuart 10th Duke Veragua 5th Duke Berwick [deceased] and María Teresa Fernández Silva Duchess Veragua Duchess Berwick [aged 22] at Madrid [Map]. He a great x 4 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 1819 Rosalía Ventimiglia Duchess Veragua Duchess Berwick Duchess Alba and had issue.

On 14th February 1838 Jacopo Fitz James Stuart 15th Duke Alba 13th Duke Veragua 8th Duke Berwick [aged 16] and María Francisca "Paca" Palafox Duchess of Veragua, Berwick and Alba [aged 13] were married at Madrid [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Veragua, Duchess of Liria, Duchess of Jérica, Duchess Berwick, Duchess Alba. He the son of Carlos Miguel Fitz James Stuart 12th Duke Veragua 7th Duke Berwick 14th Duke Alba and Rosalía Ventimiglia Duchess Veragua Duchess Berwick Duchess Alba [aged 40].

Adeline Horsey Recollections. On September 28, 1858, my marriage took place at the Military Chapel, Gibraltar, and I was the first Countess of Cardigan to be married on foreign soil. I wore a white silk gown draped with a blue scarf, and a large hat adorned with many feathers; Lord Cardigan's [aged 60] friends, Stuart Paget, Mrs, Paget and the Misses Paget, were present, and we gave a ball on the yacht in the evening. We spent a very gay week at Gibraltar, and then left for Cádiz, touching at Malacca and Alicante; then we took rail to Madrid [Map], where we arrived on October 16 in time to witness a review of 30,000 troops on Queen Isabella's [aged 27] birthday. After a short stay at Madrid we rejoined the Airedale at Barcelona [Map], and went 500 miles by sea to Leghorn. We experienced bad weather and many storms, and every one on board was ill except myself. The cook was a great sufferer, and his absence was naturally felt by those who were able to look at food without aversion.

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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On 29th November 1879 Alfonso XII King Spain [aged 22] and Maria Christina of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 21] were married at Madrid [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort Spain. He the son of Francisco de Asís King Consort Spain [aged 57] and Isabella II Queen Spain [aged 49]. They were third cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 28th January 1880 Alfonso Sanz y Martínez de Arizala Bourbon was born illegitimately to Alfonso XII King Spain [aged 22] and Elena Armanda Sanz at Madrid [Map].

On 28th February 1881 Fernando Sanz y Martínez de Arizala Bourbon was born illegitimately to Alfonso XII King Spain [aged 23] and Elena Armanda Sanz at Madrid [Map].

On 17th May 1886 Alfonso XIII King Spain was born to Alfonso XII King Spain and Maria Christina of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 27] at Madrid [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.57%. He married 1906 his fifth cousin once removed Victoria Eugénie Mountbatten Queen Consort Spain and had issue.

On 12th November 1886 Alfonso Orléans Galliera Duke Galliera was born at Madrid [Map].

On 28th May 1912 Alonso María Orléans Galliera was born to Alfonso Orléans Galliera Duke Galliera [aged 25] and Beatrice Windsor Duchess Galliera [aged 28] at Madrid [Map]. He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 20th October 1913 Ataúlfo Alejandro Orléans Galliera was born to Alfonso Orléans Galliera Duke Galliera [aged 26] and Beatrice Windsor Duchess Galliera [aged 29] at Madrid [Map]. She a great granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 9th June 1978 Nicholas Hohenzollern Sigmaringen [aged 74] died at Madrid [Map].

El Escorial Palace, Madrid, Spain, Europe

On 31st August 1724 Louis I King Spain [aged 17] died of smallpox. He was buried at the El Escorial Palace. Philippe V King Spain [aged 40] returned to the Spanish throne.

On 9th July 1746 Philippe V King Spain [aged 62] died at the El Escorial Palace. His son Ferdinand [aged 32] succeeded VI King Spain. Barbara Queen Consort Spain [aged 34] by marriage Queen Consort Spain.

Palace of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, Europe [Map]

On 16th December 1485 Catherine of Aragon was born to Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 33] and Isabella Queen Castile [aged 34] at the Palace of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid [Map]. She was possibly named after her Great Grandmother Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile daughter of John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.23%. She married (1) 14th November 1501 her half third cousin once removed Prince Arthur Tudor, son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (2) 11th June 1509 her half third cousin once removed King Henry VIII of England and Ireland, son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England, and had issue.

Royal Alcázar of Madrid, Spain, Europe

On 23rd September 1713 Ferdinand VI King Spain was born to Philippe V King Spain [aged 29] and Maria Luisa Savoy [aged 25] at the Royal Alcázar of Madrid. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.82%. He married Barbara Queen Consort Spain.