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Annals of Kings Richard II and Henry IV 1393-1406

The Annals of Kings Richard II and Henry IV offers a vivid contemporary account of one of the most turbulent periods in late medieval England. Covering the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV, the chronicle records royal ceremonies, political conflict, rebellion, war, taxation, religious controversy, executions, popular unrest and remarkable portents. Its pages include a detailed description of Richard II’s coronation, the fall and deposition of the king, Henry IV’s seizure of the throne, the Percy rebellion, the execution of Archbishop Richard Scrope, the campaigns of Owain Glyndŵr, and England’s relations with Scotland, France, Portugal and Scandinavia. Alongside affairs of state, the annalist preserves reports of miracles, eclipses, prophecies, supernatural events and the experiences of ordinary townspeople, clergy, soldiers and travellers. Written from a monastic perspective, the work combines political observation with moral judgement, presenting victories and disasters as evidence of divine favour or punishment. At once a historical record and a reflection of medieval belief, the Annals provides an invaluable window into the challenges, ceremonies and conflicts of England at the turn of the fifteenth century.

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Avebury Outer Circle Stone 14, Avebury Outer Stone Circle Extant Stones, Avebury Stone Circles, Avebury Henge and Stones, Selkley Hundred, Wiltshire, South-West England, British Isles [Map]

1938-39. Alexander Keiller's Slides. Genearl view showing archaeologists excavating the partially buried Stone 14 [Map].

1938-39. Alexander Keiller's Slides. General view of Stone 14 [Map] showing the inner face.

1938-39. Alexander Keiller's Slides. General view of showing four men working to re-erect Stone 14 [Map].

Avebury Outer Circle Stone 14 [Map]. Before, during and after re-erection in 1938.

Antiquity 1939 Volume 13 Pages 223-233. The standing Stone no. 14 [Map] was excavated to its base, and was proved to have slipped accidentally during erection, much in the same way as had Stone no. 14 of the northwest sector, which accounted for its present position being oblique to the arc of the circle. In this case certain of the anti-friction stakes had been broken by the accident, remains of carbonized wood being found for the first time in the stake-holes.