William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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Paternal Family Tree: Fitzmaldred aka Neville
Maternal Family Tree: María González Henestrosa Lady Villagera 1356
In 1436 [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 7] and [her mother] Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick [aged 9] were married. A Marriage of Two Sets of Siblings. His sister [her aunt] Cecily Neville Duchess Warwick [aged 12] had previously married her brother [her uncle] Henry Beauchamp 1st Duke Warwick [aged 10]. She the daughter of [her grandfather] Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick [aged 53] and [her grandmother] Isabel Despencer Countess Warwick and Worcester [aged 35]. He the son of Richard Neville Earl Salisbury [aged 36] and Alice Montagu 5th Countess of Salisbury [aged 29]. They were third cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 5th September 1451 Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence was born to [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 22] and [her mother] Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick [aged 25] at Warwick Castle [Map]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 22nd May 1455 the Wars of the Roses commenced with the First Battle of St Albans. Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York [aged 43] commanded with Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 26], Richard Neville Earl Salisbury [aged 55], Edward Brooke 6th Baron Cobham [aged 40] and Walter Strickland [aged 44].
The Lancastrians...
Edmund Beaufort 1st or 2nd Duke of Somerset [aged 49] was killed. His son Henry [aged 19] succeeded 2nd Duke Somerset, 2nd Marquess Dorset, 5th Earl Somerset, 2nd Earl Dorset. Note his father is frequently incorrectly referred to as the second Duke and Henry as the third Duke. His father's Dukedom, however, was a new creation.
Henry Percy 2nd Earl of Northumberland [aged 62] was killed. His son Henry [aged 33] succeeded 3rd Earl of Northumberland, 6th Baron Percy of Alnwick, 14th Baron Percy of Topcliffe. Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland [aged 33] by marriage Countess of Northumberland.
Thomas Clifford 8th Baron Clifford [aged 41] was killed. His son John [aged 20] succeeded 9th Baron de Clifford, 9th Lord Skipton. Margaret Bromflete Baroness Clifford [aged 21] by marriage Baroness de Clifford.
William Cotton [aged 45] and Richard Fortescue [aged 41] were killed.
Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham [aged 52] was wounded and captured.
King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 33], John Sutton 1st Baron Dudley [aged 54] and Edmund Sutton [aged 30] were captured.
Henry Beaufort 2nd or 3rd Duke of Somerset was wounded. James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde [aged 34] and John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 55] fought.
Richard Cotton of Hampstall Ridware [aged 51] and his son William Cotton of Connington in Huntingdonshire [aged 27] were killed.
On 10th July 1460 the Yorkist army led by the future [her future brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 18] and including [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 31], [her uncle] Archbishop George Neville [aged 28], William Neville 1st Earl Kent [aged 55], Edward Brooke 6th Baron Cobham [aged 45] and John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 22] defeated the Lancastrian army at the 1460 Battle of Northampton.
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 43] had started the day as part of the Lancastrian army but did nothing to prevent the Yorkist army attacking.
King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 38] was captured.
Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham [aged 57] was killed. His grandson Henry [aged 5] succeeded 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 7th Earl Stafford, 8th Baron Stafford.
John Talbot 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 42] was killed. His son John [aged 11] succeeded 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, 3rd Earl Waterford, 8th Baron Furnivall, 12th Baron Strange Blackmere, 9th Baron Talbot.
Thomas Percy 1st Baron Egremont [aged 37] was killed. [Baron Egremont of Egremont Castle in Cumberland extinct. Some authoirities state, however, that he left a son, Sir John Percy, who never assumed the title.]
John Beaumont 1st Viscount Beaumont [aged 50] was killed. His son William [aged 22] succeeded 2nd Viscount Beaumont, 7th Baron Beaumont.
William Lucy [aged 56] was killed apparently by servants of a member of the Stafford family who wanted his wife Margaret Fitzlewis [aged 21].
Thomas Tresham [aged 40] fought.
William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont and William Norreys [aged 19] were knighted.
Thomas "Bastard of Exeter" Holland was executed following the battle.
The battle was fought south of the River Nene [Map] in the grounds of Delapré Abbey.
On 28th March 1461 one or more battles were fought at Ferrybridge and Dintingdale. [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 32] fought. John Radclyffe Baron Fitzwalter [aged 35] was killed.
John "Butcher" Clifford 9th Baron Clifford [aged 25] was killed. His son Henry [aged 7] succeeded 10th Baron de Clifford, 10th Lord Skipton.
William Neville 1st Earl Kent [aged 56] fought for York.
After 27th June 1461, the time of his coronation, [her future brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 19] created his brother [her future husband] George [aged 11] 1st Duke Clarence.
Before 26th June 1462 [her grandmother] Alice Montagu 5th Countess of Salisbury [aged 55] died. Her son [her father] Richard [aged 33] succeeded 6th Earl Salisbury, 5th Baron Montagu, 8th Baron Montagu, 7th Baron Monthermer adding to the earldom of Warwick he had already acquired through his wife some fourteen years previously. The combined earldoms of Warwick and Salisbury made Warwick the second most powerful man in the Kingdom making him Kingmaker. The date based on an entry in the Patent Rolls in which he is referred to as "Richard, Earl of Warwick and Salisbury".
On 28th February 1463 John Lovell 8th Baron Lovel 5th Baron Holand [aged 30] died. His son Francis [aged 7] succeeded 9th Baron Lovel of Titchmarsh, 6th Baron Holand at around eight years of age. He became a ward of [her future brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 20] who gave his wardship to [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 34] spending his childhood at Middleham Castle [Map] with the young (future) King Richard III of England [aged 10].
On 6th September 1465 [her uncle] Archbishop George Neville [aged 33] was enthroned as Archbishop of York at Cawood Castle, North Yorkshire [Map]. Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 14], [her sister] Anne Neville Queen Consort England [aged 9] and [her future brother-in-law] King Richard III of England [aged 12] were present.
In 1468 Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl Desmond and Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl of Kildare [aged 47] attended Parliament in Drogheda [Map] to answer charges of treason. Both were found guilty and attainted. Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl Desmond sought sanctuary in Drogheda Priory [Map] where he was captured by John "Butcher of England" Tiptoft 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 40]. On 14th February 1468 Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl Desmond was summarily beheaded. He was buried initially in St Peter's Church Drogheda [Map] then Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin [Map]. Some accounts claim John "Butcher of England" Tiptoft 1st Earl of Worcester also murdered two of his young sons. Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl of Kildare escaped and was subsequently pardoned and attainder reversed when King Edward IV found Ireland was ungovernable without him. In 1470 Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl of Kildare was appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland under [her future husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 18] which position he held until the Duke's death in 1478.
On 11th July 1469 George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 19] and Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 17] were married by Archbishop George Neville [aged 37] at the Église Notre-Dame de Calais [Map] witnessed by Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 40]. She by marriage Duchess Clarence. She the daughter of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury and Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick [aged 42]. He the son of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York [aged 54]. They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Warkworth's Chronicle [1461-1474]. 11th July 1469. And in the ix. yere of the regne of Kynge Edwarde, at myssomere, the [her husband] Duke of Clarence [aged 19] passede the see to Caleis to the [her father] Earl of Warwick [aged 40], and there weddede his doughter [aged 17] by the [her uncle] ArcheBishop of Yorke [aged 37] the Earl of Warwick brothere, and afterwarde come overe ayene.
On 12th August 1469 Woodvilles father and son were beheaded at Kenilworth Castle [Map] by supporters of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 40].
Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers [aged 64] was beheaded. His son Anthony [aged 29] succeeded 2nd Earl Rivers, 2nd Baron Rivers. Elizabeth Scales Countess Rivers by marriage Countess Rivers.
John Woodville [aged 24] was beheaded.
On 29th September 1469 brothers Humphrey Neville of Brancepeth [aged 30] and Charles Neville of Brancepeth were beheaded at York [Map] in the presence of [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 27] and [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 40] bringing to an end the Neville-Neville feud that arose as a consequence of the senior line being dis-inherited.
Memoirs of Philip de Commines [1447-1511]. [1470] The Earl of Warwick finding himself too weak to oppose King Edward, having first given instructions to his private friends what they were to do in his absence, put to sea with the [her husband] Duke of Clarence [aged 20], who had married his daughter1, and was then of his faction, notwithstanding that he was brother to the king; and carrying with them their wives and children, and a great number of forces, he appeared before Calais. There were at that time several of the earl's servants in the town, and one in the quality of his lieutenant, Lord Wenlock [aged 70]2, who, instead of receiving him, fired his great guns upon him.
Note 1. Isabella [aged 18], daughter of the [her father] Earl of Warwick [aged 41], and [her mother] Anne Beauchamp [aged 43], his wife, was born at Warwick Castle [Map] on the 5th of September, 1451. She was married at Calais on the 11th of July, 1469.
Note 2. John, Lord Wenlock, Chief Butler of England, was appointed Lieutenant of Calais in 1470, and was killed at the battle of Tewkesbury on the 4th of May, 1471.
On 12th March 1470 [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 27] commanded at the Battle of Losecoat Field (Empingham).
Thomas Dymoke [aged 42] and Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby [aged 42] were beheaded at Queen's Cross, Stamford before the battle1. His son Robert succeeded 8th Baron Welles.
The name 'Losecoat' not contemporary, and its meaning of men "losing their coats" may have been invented in the 19th Century. The name Losecoat appears to be first used in the 16th Century Hall's and Holinshed's Chronicles.
The 1475 attainder of Richard and Robert Welles refers to the battle having taken place "in a field called 'Hornefeld' in Empyngham",
Note 1. Some sources say on battlefield immediately prior to the battle, some after the batte
On 19th March 1470 Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles was beheaded at Doncaster [Map]. He was buried at Whitefriars Doncaster [Map]. Baron Welles forfeit. His sister Joan succeeded 9th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby. Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 37] by marriage Baron Willoughby de Eresby. He, Hastings, a favourite of [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 27], younger brother of Edward's great friend William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 39].
On 27th March 1470 George Neville 1st Duke Bedford [aged 9] was created 1st Duke Bedford by [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 27] in preparation for his marriage to Elizabeth York Queen Consort England [aged 4] which didn't, in the end, take place. He, George, was nephew to [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 41] whose defection to the Lancastrian side may have caused the King to change his mind about his daughter's marriage.
Around 14th April 1470 [her daughter] Unamed Child was born to [her husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 20] and Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 18]. The child died the same day, or shortly after. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.41%.
Memoirs of Philip de Commines [1447-1511]. [Around 14th April 1470] Whilst they lay at anchor before the town, the Duchess of Clarence [aged 18] (who was daughter to the Earl of Warwick) was brought to bed of a son1, and great entreaties had to be used before Wenlock and the rest could be persuaded to send her two flagons of wine, which was great severity in a servant to use towards his master; for it is to be presumed the earl thought himself secure of that place, it being the richest treasure belonging to England, and the best captaincy in the world (or at least in Christendom); and this I know, for I was there several times during their differences, and was told by the chief officer of the staple for cloth, that he would willingly farm the government of the town from the King of England at 15,000 crowns per annum; for the Governor of Calais receives all profits on that side of the sea, and has the benefit of all convoys, and the entire disposal and management of the garrison.
Note 1. This child probably died very young, for Dugdale makes no mention of him.
On 13th December 1470 [her brother-in-law] Edward of Westminster Prince of Wales [aged 17] and [her sister] Anne Neville Queen Consort England [aged 14] were married at Angers Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Princess of Wales. She the daughter of [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 42] and [her mother] Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick [aged 44]. He the son of King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 49] and Margaret of Anjou Queen Consort England [aged 40]. They were half third cousins. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 14th April 1471 [her brother-in-law] Edward IV [aged 28] commanded at the Battle of Barnet supported by his brothers [her husband] George [aged 21] and Richard [aged 18], John Babington [aged 48], Wiliam Hastings [aged 40] (commanded), Ralph Hastings, William Norreys [aged 30], William Parr [aged 37], John Savage [aged 49], William Bourchier Viscount Bourchier [aged 41], Thomas St Leger [aged 31], John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet [aged 45], Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough [aged 40], John Scott [aged 48] and Thomas Strickland.
The Yorkists William Blount [aged 29], Humphrey Bourchier [aged 36], Henry Stafford [aged 46] and Thomas Parr were killed.
Humphrey Bourchier 1st Baron Cromwell [aged 40], was killed. Baron Cromwell extinct.
The Lancastrians...
Warwick the Kingmaker [aged 42] was killed. Earl Salisbury, Baron Montagu, Baron Montagu and Baron Monthermer forfeit on the assumption he was attainted either before or after his death; the date of his attainder is unknown. If not attainted the titles may have been abeyant between his two daughters Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 19] and Anne Neville Queen Consort England [aged 14].
John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu [aged 40] was killed. Marquess Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit; unclear as to when he was attainted. He was buried at Bisham Abbey [Map].
William Tyrrell was killed.
William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele [aged 43] was killed. His son Henry [aged 25] succeeded 3rd Baron Saye and Sele. Anne Harcourt Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter [aged 40] commanded the left flank, was badly wounded and left for dead, Henry Stafford and John Paston [aged 27] were wounded, John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford [aged 28] commanded, and John Paston [aged 29] and William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont [aged 33] fought.
Robert Harleston [aged 36] was killed.
Thomas Hen Salusbury [aged 62] was killed.
Thomas Tresham [aged 51] escaped but was subsequently captured and executed on the 6th of May 1471.
On 4th May 1471 [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 29] was victorious at the 4th May 1471 Battle of Tewkesbury. His brother Richard [aged 18], Richard Beauchamp 2nd Baron Beauchamp Powick [aged 36], John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 46], George Neville 4th and 2nd Baron Abergavenny [aged 31], John Savage [aged 49], John Savage [aged 27], Thomas St Leger [aged 31], John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet [aged 45], Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough [aged 40] fought. William Brandon [aged 46], George Browne [aged 31], Ralph Hastings, Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 38], James Tyrrell [aged 16], Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley [aged 38] were knighted. William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 40] commanded.
Margaret of Anjou [aged 41] was captured. Her son Edward of Westminster Prince of Wales [aged 17] was killed. He was the last of the Lancastrian line excluding the illegitmate Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 11] whose line continues to the present.
John Courtenay 7th or 15th Earl Devon [aged 36] was killed and attainted. Earl Devon forfeit. Some sources refer to these titles as being abeyant?
John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 71] was killed. Baron Wenlock extinct.
John Delves [aged 49], John Beaufort [aged 30], William Vaux of Harrowden [aged 35] and Robert Whittingham [aged 42] were killed.
Edmund Beaufort [aged 32], Humphrey Tuchet [aged 37] and Hugh Courtenay [aged 44] were captured.
Henry Roos fought and escaped to Tewkesbury Abbey [Map] where he sought sanctuary. He was subsequently pardoned.
William Carey [aged 34] was killed.
On 12th July 1472 [her brother-in-law] Richard Duke of Gloucester [aged 19] and [her sister] Anne Neville [aged 16] were married at St Stephen's Chapel, Westminster Palace [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Gloucester. She the daughter of [her father] Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury and [her mother] Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick [aged 45]. He the son of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and [her mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York [aged 57]. They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 8th April 1473 (some sources state 1482) Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 49] was created 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland by [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 30]. By letters patent he created Dacre Baron Dacre of Gilsland, declaring "that the said Humfrey Dacre, Knight, and the heirs male of the body of the said Thomas, late Lord Dacre, comyng, bee reputed, had, named and called the Lord Dacre of Gillesland". Mabel Parr Baroness Dacre of Gilsland by marriage Baroness Dacre Gilsland.
On 14th August 1473 [her daughter] Margaret York aka Pole Countess of Salisbury was born to [her husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 23] and Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 21] at Farleigh Hungerford Castle [Map]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.41%. She married 1491 Richard Pole and had issue.
In 1474 Parliament declared [her mother] Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick [aged 47] legally dead (she lived until 1492) so that [her brother-in-law] Edward IV's [aged 31] two younger brothers George [aged 24] and the Richard [aged 21], who had married Anne Beauchamp's daughters, Isabel [aged 22] and Anne [aged 17] respectively, could enjoy the significant Beauchamp inheritance after her husband Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury had been killed at the Battle of Barnet in 1471.
Some of the inhertance should have been given to George Neville 1st Duke Bedford [aged 13] but he was only thirteen at the time; his father John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu, younger brother of Warwick the Kingmaker, had also been killed at the Battle of Barnet. He, George Neville 1st Duke Bedford, died in 1483 aged twenty-one somewhat conveniently after the death of King Edward IV of England and before King Richard III of England acceded to the throne. Curiously the Act of Parliament described King Richard III of England enjoying the inheritance as long as there were Neville living heirs male. Upon the death of George Neville 1st Duke Bedford the Neville heir male was Richard Neville 2nd Baron Latimer of Snape [aged 6] born 1468 whose wardship was held by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier [aged 56].
Parliamentary Rolls Edward IV. 6th June 1474. Westminster Palace [Map]. Exemplification at the request of [her brother-in-law] Richard Duke of Gloucester [aged 21], of the tenour of an act (English) in the Parliament summoned at Westminster [Map], 6 October, 12 Edward IV, and continued to 9 May, 14 Edward IV, ordaining that [her husband] George Duke Clarence [aged 24], and Isabel [aged 22] his wife and Richard Duke of Gloucester, and [her sister] Anne [aged 17] his wife, daughters and heirs to [her father] Richard Nevyle, late Earl of Warwick, and daughters and heirs apparent to [her mother] Anne Beauchamp [aged 47], his wife should possess and enjoy as in the right of the said wives all possessions belonging to the said Countess as though she were naturally dead and that she should be barred and excluded therefrom, that they should make partition of the premises and the same partition should be good in law, that the said Dukes should enjoy for life all the possessions of their wives if they should outlive the latter, that the said George and Isabel should not make any alienation, grant, fine or recovery of any of the premises to the hurt of the said Richard and Anne or the latter to the hurt of the former, that if the said Richard and Anne be divorced and afterwards married this Act should hold good, that if they be divorced and he do his effectual diligence to be married to her and during her life be not wedded to any other woman he should enjoy as much of the premises as should appertain to her during his life, and that notwithstanding the restraint of alienation or recovery above specified the lordship, manor and wappentake of Chesterfield, Derbyshire [Map] and Scarvesdale with the appurtenances and all the lands and tenements in Chesterfield, Derbyshire [Map] and Scarvesdale sometime of [her grandmother] Ales, late Countess of Salisbury, might be given to the King and his heirs in exchange for other lands and tenements, which shall however be subject of this Act.
In 1474 Thomas St Leger [aged 34] and [her sister-in-law] Anne York Duchess Exeter [aged 34] were married. She the daughter of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and [her mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York [aged 58]. They were fourth cousin twice removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 25th February 1475 [her son] Edward "Last Plantagenet" York 17th Earl Warwick was born to [her husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 25] and Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 23] at Warwick Castle [Map]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.41%.
In September 1475 Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter [aged 45] drowned on his return from France having probably been thrown over-board on the orders of [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 33].
On 12th June 1476 Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 2] was created 1st Earl Nottingham by [her brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England [aged 34].
On 6th October 1476 [her son] Richard York was born to [her husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 26] and Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 25] at Tewkesbury Abbey [Map]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.41%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 22nd December 1476 Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 25] died from childbirth at Warwick Castle [Map]. The cause of death uncertain but likely a consequence of the birth of her fourth child Richard in early October. She was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey [Map]. The Founders Book of Tewkesbury Abbey Folio 39v records her death. [her husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 27] believed she had been murdered by Ankarette Hawkeston aka Twynyho. See Trial and Execution of Ankarette Twynyho.
On 18th February 1478 [her former husband] George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 28] was drowned in a butt of wine (Malmsey) wine in the Bowyer Tower in the Tower of London [Map]. "in a butt of Malmsey wine" may refer to 1. a butt full of Malmsey wine or 2. a butt that once contained Malmsey wine that was subsequently re-used for another purpose such as washing or bathing.
William Hussey [aged 35] conducted the impeachment of the Duke of Clarence for treason.
[her brother-in-law] Richard, Duke of Gloucester [aged 25] succeeded 2nd Earl Richmond.
The only other person known to have been executed, or ritually killed, by drowning in a butt of wine is Muirchertach mac Muiredaig High King of Ireland (as reported by the Annals of Ulster) in his case at Newgrange Passage Tomb [Map].
Journal of Jean de Roye. 18th February 1478. In the year 1478, it happened in the kingdom of England that because King Edward of said kingdom was informed that one of his brothers, who was Duke of Clarence, intended to cross the sea and go down to Flanders to give aid and support to his sister, the Duchess of Burgundy, widow of the late duke, he had the said Duke of Clarence taken and imprisoned in the Tower of London, where he was detained prisoner for a certain long period of time. During this time, King Edward convened his council, and by their deliberation, he was condemned to be taken from the said Tower of London, dragged on his buttocks to the gallows of the said city of London, and there to be opened up and his entrails thrown into a fire, and then his neck to be cut and his body quartered. But later, by the great prayer and request of the [her former mother-in-law] mother [aged 62] of the aforementioned Edward and Clarence, his condemnation was changed and amended, so that in the month of February of said year, the Duke of Clarence being a prisoner in the said tower, he was taken and drawn from his said prison, and after he had been confessed, he was placed and thrown alive into a butt of Malvasia, split open at one end, with his head downwards, and he remained there until he gave up his spirit. Then he was pulled out and his neck was cut, and afterwards he was buried and carried to be buried at ...... with his wife, formerly the daughter of the [her father] Earl of Warwick, who died on the day of Coventry with the Prince of Wales, son of the holy King Henry of England1.
Oudit an LXXVII, advint ou royaume d'Angleterre que pour ce que le roy Edouard dudit royaume fut acertené que ung sien frere, qui estoit duc de Clairence, avoit intencion de passer la mer et aler descendre en Flandres pour donner aide et secours à sa seur duchesse en Bourgongne, vesve dudit defunct le derrenier duc, fist icellui roy Edouard prendre et constituer prisonnier sondit frere et mettre prisonnier en la tour de Londres, où il fut depuis detenu prisonnier par certaine longue espace de temps, pendant lequel ledit roy Edouart assembla son conseil, et par la deliberacion d'icellui fut condempné à estre mené depuis ladicte tour de Londres traynant sur ses fesses jusques au gibet de ladicte ville de Londres, et ilec estre ouvert et ses entrailles gecter dedens ung feu, et puis lui copper le col et mettre le corps en quatre quartiers. Mais depuis, par la grant priere et requeste de la mere desdiz Edouard et de Clairence fut sa condampnacion changée et muée, tellement que, ou moys de Fevrier oudit an, icellui de Clairance estant prisonnier en ladicte tour, fut prins et tiré de sadicte prison, et après qu'il ot esté confessé, fut mis et bouté tout vif dedens une queue de Malevoisye defonsée par l'un des boutz, la teste en bas, et y demoura jusques à ce qu'il eust rendu l'esperit, et puis fut tiré dehors et lui fut le col coppé, et après ensevely et porté enterrer à ...... avecques sa femme, jadis fille du conte de Waruik, qui mourut à la journée de Coventry avecques le prince de Galles, filz du saint roy Henry d'Angleterre, de Lancastre.
Note 1. The Earl of Warwick was killed at the Battle of Barnet on 14 Apr 1471. Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, was killed at the Battle of Tewskebury on the 4th May 1471.
King Edward III of England 1312-1377
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster 1340-1399
Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland 1364-1425
Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland 1379-1440
John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby 1337-1388
Maud Percy Baroness Neville Raby
Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Arundel and Surrey 1318-1372
Richard Fitzalan 3rd or 10th Earl of Arundel 8th Earl of Surrey 1306-1376
Alice Montagu 5th Countess of Salisbury 1407-1462
Richard Neville Earl Salisbury 1400-1460
Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent 1350-1397
Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales 1328-1385
Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster 1350-1403
Kings Wessex: Great x 13 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 9 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 15 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 13 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 3 Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 12 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 13 Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 17 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville of Raby 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Euphemia Clavering Baroness Neville Raby 
7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Audley 1st Baron Audley of Stratton Audley 
2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Audley Baroness Greystoke and Neville 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Iseult Mortimer 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy 9th and 1st Baron Percy
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Fitzalan Baroness Percy 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Maud Percy Baroness Neville Raby 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford 
6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Idonia Clifford Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Clare Baroness Clifford Baroness Welles 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
GrandFather: Richard Neville Earl Salisbury Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward II of England 
Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of France Queen Consort England 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William of Avesnes I Count Hainaut III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland 4 x Great Grand Son of King Stephen I England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainaut 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland 
Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Giles "Payne" Roet 
Great x 2 Grandmother: Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster
Father: Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Montagu 1st Earl Salisbury 
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Montagu 1st Baron Montagu, Baron Monthermer
Great x 4 Grandmother: Catherine Grandison Countess of Salisbury
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Montagu 3rd Earl Salisbury 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Monthermer 2nd Baron Monthermer 
Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Monthermer Baroness Montagu 3rd Baroness Monthermer Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Brewes Baroness Monthermer
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Montagu 1st Count Perche 4th Earl Salisbury 3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Adam Francis
Great x 2 Grandmother: Maud Francis Countess of Salisbury
GrandMother: Alice Montagu 5th Countess of Salisbury 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Holland 1st Baron Holand 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Zouche Baroness Holand 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl Kent Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Wake Countess Kent 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Eleanor Holland 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund Fitzalan 2nd or 9th Earl of Arundel 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard Fitzalan 3rd or 10th Earl of Arundel 8th Earl of Surrey 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Warenne Countess Arundel
Great x 2 Grandmother: Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Arundel and Surrey 
Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Chaworth 
Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Beauchamp 9th Earl Warwick 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Fitzjohn Countess Warwick
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Tosny 
4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Tosny Countess Warwick 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund Mortimer 2nd Baron Mortimer of Wigmore 2 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Mortimer 1st Earl March 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Fiennes 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Katherine Mortimer Countess Warwick 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Piers Geneville
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Geneville Baroness Mortimer 2nd Baroness Geneville 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jeanne Lusignan 
6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
GrandFather: Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Ferrers 1st Baron Ferrers of Groby 
5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Ferrers 2nd Baron Ferrers of Groby 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ellen or Margaret Segrave Baroness Ferrers Groby 
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Groby 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Theobald Verdun 2nd Lord Verdun 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabel Verdun Baroness Ferrers Groby Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Clare Lady Verdun Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Ferrers Countess Warwick 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy 9th and 1st Baron Percy
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Fitzalan Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Percy Baroness Ferrers Groby 
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Idonia Clifford Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Clare Baroness Clifford Baroness Welles 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Mother: Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh "Younger" Despencer 1st Baron Despencer 
5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Edward Despencer Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Clare Baroness Zouche Mortimer Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Edward Despencer 1st Baron Despencer, Baron Burghesh 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Ferrers 1st Baron Ferrers of Groby 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Ferrers 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ellen or Margaret Segrave Baroness Ferrers Groby
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Despencer 1st Earl Gloucester 3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bartholomew "The Elder" Burghesh 1st Baron Burghesh 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Bartholomew "The Younger" Burghesh 2nd Baron Burghesh 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Verdun Baroness Burghesh 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Burghesh 3rd Baron Burghesh 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard de Weyland 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Cecily Weyland 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
GrandMother: Isabel Despencer Countess Warwick and Worcester Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward II of England Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of France Queen Consort England 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York 
Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William of Avesnes I Count Hainaut III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland 4 x Great Grand Son of King Stephen I England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainaut 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Constance York Countess Gloucester Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso "Avenger" XI King Castile 
4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Peter "Cruel" I King Castile 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maria Burgundy Queen Consort Castile 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabella of Castile Duchess York 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Juan García Padilla 1st Lord Villagera
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maria Padilla
Great x 4 Grandmother: María González Henestrosa Lady Villagera