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Annals of Kings Richard II and Henry IV 1393-1406

The Annals of Kings Richard II and Henry IV offers a vivid contemporary account of one of the most turbulent periods in late medieval England. Covering the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV, the chronicle records royal ceremonies, political conflict, rebellion, war, taxation, religious controversy, executions, popular unrest and remarkable portents. Its pages include a detailed description of Richard II’s coronation, the fall and deposition of the king, Henry IV’s seizure of the throne, the Percy rebellion, the execution of Archbishop Richard Scrope, the campaigns of Owain Glyndŵr, and England’s relations with Scotland, France, Portugal and Scandinavia. Alongside affairs of state, the annalist preserves reports of miracles, eclipses, prophecies, supernatural events and the experiences of ordinary townspeople, clergy, soldiers and travellers. Written from a monastic perspective, the work combines political observation with moral judgement, presenting victories and disasters as evidence of divine favour or punishment. At once a historical record and a reflection of medieval belief, the Annals provides an invaluable window into the challenges, ceremonies and conflicts of England at the turn of the fifteenth century.

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Queen Sophia of Sweden 1746-1813

Paternal Family Tree: Oldenburg

Maternal Family Tree: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 1683-1737

On 11th December 1743 [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 20] and [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. She the daughter of [her grandfather] King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 60] and [her grandmother] Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England. He the son of Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway [aged 44]. They were third cousin once removed.

On 3rd July 1746 Queen Sophia of Sweden was born to Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 23] and Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 21]. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 19th December 1751 [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 27] died.

On 8th July 1752 [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 29] and [her step-mother] Juliana Maria Welf Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of [her grandfather] Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway.

On 1st September 1764 [her brother-in-law] William Elector of Hesse [aged 21] and [her sister] Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg [aged 17] were married at Christiansborg Castle. She the daughter of [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 41] and [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of Frederick Hesse-Kassel [aged 44] and [her aunt] Mary Hanover [aged 41]. They were first cousins. He a grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 14th January 1766 [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 42] died. His son [her brother] Christian [aged 16] succeeded VII King of Denmark and Norway.

On 1st October 1766 Gustav III King Sweden [aged 20] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway and Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of Adolph Frederick King Sweden [aged 56] and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia Queen Consort of Sweden [aged 46]. They were second cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 8th November 1766 [her brother] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway [aged 17] and [her sister-in-law] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 15] were married at Christiansborg Castle. She by marriage Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. She the daughter of [her uncle] Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales and Augusta Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 46]. He the son of [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway and [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. They were first cousins. He a grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 12th May 1771 [her father-in-law] Adolph Frederick King Sweden [aged 60] died in Stockholm apparently after having consumed a large meal, consisting of lobster, caviar, sauerkraut, kippers and champagne, topped off with 14 servings of his favourite dessert: hetvägg, made of semla pastries served in bowls of hot milk.

[her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 25] succeeded King Sweden. Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 24] by marriage Queen Sweden.

On 29th May 1772 [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 26] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 25] were crowned King and Queen of Sweden.

On 1st November 1778 [her son] King Gustav IV of Sweden was born to [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 32] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 32]. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.75%. He married 1797 his fifth cousin once removed Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina.

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Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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On 25th August 1782 [her son] Prince Carl Gustav Duke of Småland was born to [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 36] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 36]. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.75%. He died aged less than one years old.

On 23rd March 1783 [her son] Prince Carl Gustav Duke of Småland died.

In 1786 Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg [aged 20] and [her niece] Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg [aged 14] were married. She the daughter of [her brother] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway [aged 36] and [her former sister-in-law] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of Frederick Christian Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg [aged 64] and Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg.

On 31st July 1790 [her nephew] Frederick VI King of Denmark and Norway [aged 22] and Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 22] were married. He the son of [her brother] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway [aged 41] and [her former sister-in-law] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. They were first cousins. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 29th March 1792 [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 46] was assassinated. [her son] King Gustav IV of Sweden [aged 13] succeeded King Sweden.

The assassination of the king was enacted on the 16th of March 1792 at a masked ball at the Royal Opera House in Stockholm at midnight. Gustav had arrived earlier that evening to enjoy a dinner in the company of friends. During dinner, he received an anonymous letter that described a threat to his life written by the colonel of the Life Guards Carl Pontus Lilliehorn. After dinner the King continued through a corridor leading from the foyer towards the opera stage where the dancing took place. Anckarström took out the pistol from his left inner pocket, then either he or Ribbing pulled the trigger with the gun in Anckarström's hand. The king was carried back to his quarters, and the exits of the Opera were sealed. Anckarström was arrested the following morning and immediately confessed to the murder. The king had not been shot dead; he was alive and continued to function as head of state. However, the wound became infected, and on 29 March 1792. Gustav's funeral took place on 14 May 1792 at Riddarholmskyrkan.

In 1797 King Gustav IV of Sweden [aged 18] and Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [aged 15] were married. She by marriage Queen Sweden. He the son of Gustav III King Sweden [aged 50] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 50]. They were fifth cousin once removed. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 24th April 1802 Duke Augustus of Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 29] and [her niece] Karoline Amalie Hesse-Kassel Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg [aged 30] were married at Kassel. She the daughter of [her brother-in-law] William Elector of Hesse [aged 58] and [her sister] Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg [aged 54]. He the son of Duke Ernest of Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 57] and Charlotte Saxe Meiningen Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg [aged 50]. They were fifth cousin once removed. She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

In 1803 [her brother-in-law] William Elector of Hesse [aged 59] was appointed Elector Hesse. [her sister] Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg [aged 55] by marriage Electress Hesse.

In 1811 [her son] King Gustav IV of Sweden [aged 32] and [her daughter-in-law] Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [aged 29] were divorced.

On 21st August 1813 Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 67] died.

Queen Sophia of Sweden appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

Royal Ancestors of Queen Sophia of Sweden 1746-1813

Kings Wessex: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 24 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings Godwinson: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Kings Scotland: Great x 4 Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Kings France: Great x 11 Grand Daughter of King Charles V of France

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 25 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Kings Spain: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of John II King Aragon

Royal Descendants of Queen Sophia of Sweden 1746-1813
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

King Gustav IV of Sweden [1]

Ancestors of Queen Sophia of Sweden 1746-1813

Great x 4 Grandfather: Christian IV King of Denmark 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick III King of Denmark 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 2 Grandfather: Christian V King of Denmark and Norway 12 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophie Amalie Hanover Queen Consort Denmark 11 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Eleonore Hesse Darmstadt Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Great x 1 Grandfather: Frederick IV King of Denmark and Norway 8 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandfather: Landgrave William V of Hesse-Kassel 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandfather: Wilhelm "The Just" VI Hesse-Kassel 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 2 Grandmother: Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway 7 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandfather: George William Hohenzollern 5 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon

Great x 3 Grandmother: Hedwig Sophia Hohenzollern 6 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Charlotte Palatinate Simmern 6 x Great Granddaughter of King Charles V of France

Grandfather: Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway 8 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandfather: Duke John VII of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandfather: Duke John Albert II of Mecklenburg 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophia Oldenburg 9 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Great x 2 Grandfather: Duke Gustav Adolph of Mecklenburg-Güstrow 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 1 Grandmother: Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway 7 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon

Great x 2 Grandmother: Magdalena Sibylla of Holstein Gottorp 6 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandfather: John George Elector Saxony 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie Elisabeth of Saxony Duchess Holstein Gottorp 5 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandmother: Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia 4 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon

Father: Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway 9 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon

Queen Sophia of Sweden Granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandfather: Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 4 Grandfather: Landgrave Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Eleonore Hesse Darmstadt Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Great x 1 Grandfather: King George I Great Grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick IV Elector Palatine 8 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France

Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick Palatinate Simmern V Elector Palatine Rhine 6 x Great Grandson of King Charles V of France

Great x 4 Grandmother: Electress Louise Juliana of the Palatine Rhine 5 x Great Granddaughter of King Charles V of France

Great x 2 Grandmother: Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern Granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland Grandson of King James V of Scotland

Great x 3 Grandmother: Princess Elizabeth Stewart Queen Bohemia daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland 2 x Great Grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 2 Grandfather: George Wilhelm Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 4 Grandfather: Landgrave Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Eleonore Hesse Darmstadt Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Great x 1 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle 12 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France

Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleonore Esmier D'Olbreuse Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg

Mother: Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: John George Hohenzollern Margrave of Brandenburg 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 3 Grandfather: Joachim Ernst Hohenzollern 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst

Great x 2 Grandfather: Albert Hohenzollern 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Great x 1 Grandfather: John Frederick Hohenzollern 12 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France

Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 13 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France