Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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Knight of the Garter

Knight of the Garter is in Order of the Garter.

1349 Creation of Garter Knights

1360 Creation of Garter Knights

1366 Creation of Garter Knights

1368 Creation of Garter Knights

1369 Creation of Garter Knights

1373 Creation of Garter Knights

1376 Creation of Garter Knights

1377 Creation of Garter Knights

1400 Creation of Garter Knights

1461 February 1461 Creation of Garter Knights by Edward IV

1461 April 1461 Creation of Garter Knights by Edward IV

1462 Creation of Garter Knights

1463 Creation of Garter Knights

1472 Creation of Garter Knights

1474 Creation of Garter Knights

1475 Creation of Garter Knights

1483 Creation of Garter Knights

1499 Creation of Garter Knights

1525 Creation of Garter Knights

1526 Creation of Garter Knights

1540 Creation of Garter Knights

1541 Creation of Garter Knights

1543 Creation of Garter Knights

1549 Creation of Garter Knights

1551 Creation of Garter Knights

1552 Trial and Execution of Edward Seymour Duke of Somerset and his Supporters

1553 Trial and Execution of Lady Jane Grey's Supporters

1554 Creation of Garter Knights

1557 Creation of Garter Knights

1559 Creation of Garter Knights

1561 Creation of Garter Knights

1563 Creation of Garter Knights

1593 Creation of Garter Knights

1613 Marriage of Elizabeth Stewart and Frederick V Elector Palatine

1616 Creation of Garter Knights

1630 Knight of the Garter Appointments

1633 Knight of the Garter Appointments

1685 Execution of the Duke of Monmouth

1702 Capture of Venlo, Roermond, Stevensweert and Liège

1733 Excise Crisis

1741 Creation of Garter Knights

1749 Creation of Garter Knights

1752 Creation of Knights

1756 Creation of Garter Knights

1782 Creation of Garter Knights

1786 Creation of Garter Knights

1790 Creation of Garter Knights

1793 Creation of Garter Knights

1794 Creation of Garter Knights

1803 Creation of Garter Knights

1805 Creation of Garter Knights

1842 Appointment of Garter Knights

1844 Appointment of Garter Knights

1846 Appointment of Garter Knights

1851 Appointment of Garter Knights

1855 Appointment of Garter Knights

1856 Appointment of Garter Knights

1857 Appointment of Garter Knights

1858 Appointment of Garter Knights

1859 Appointment of Garter Knights

1862 Appointment of Garter Knights

1349 Creation of Garter Knights

In 23rd April 1349 King Edward III of England [aged 36] created new Garter Knights:

26th William Fitzwarin [aged 33]. The date may be earlier.

27th. Robert Ufford [aged 50].

28th William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton [aged 39].

In 1353 Reginald Cobham 1st Baron Cobham [aged 58] was appointed 29th Knight of the Garter by King Edward III of England [aged 40].

In 1356 Richard Vache was appointed 30th Knight of the Garter by King Edward III of England [aged 43].

1360 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1360 King Edward III of England [aged 47] created new Garter Knights:

31st Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred [aged 68].

32nd Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny [aged 50].

33rd Frank Hale.

34th Thomas Ufford [aged 27].

In 1361 William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby [aged 30] was appointed 40th Knight of the Garter by King Edward III of England [aged 48].

On 23rd April 1362 John Sully [aged 79] was appointed 39th Knight of the Garter by King Edward III of England [aged 49].

On 23rd April 1365 Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton [aged 24] was appointed 41st Knight of the Garter by King Edward III of England [aged 52].

1366 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1366 King Edward III of England [aged 53] created new Garter Knights:

42nd Enguerrand de Coucy 1st Earl Bedford 1st Count Soissons [aged 26].

43rd Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland [aged 24].

1368 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1368 King Edward III of England [aged 55] created new Garter Knights:

44th Ralph Basset 3rd Baron Basset Drayton [aged 33].

45th Richard Pembridge [aged 48].

1369 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1369 King Edward III of England [aged 56] created new Garter Knights

46th John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby [aged 32].

47th Robert Dampierre [aged 46].

48th John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke [aged 21]. Some sources say 1370 but that would be inconsistent with the numbering?

49th Thomas Grandison 4th Baron Grandison [aged 30].

50th Guy de Bryan [aged 50]. Possibly on 31st December 1369?.

In 1372 Guichard d'Angle 1st Earl Huntingdon was appointed 51st Knight of the Garter by King Edward III of England [aged 59].

1373 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1373 King Edward III of England [aged 60] created two new Garter Knights:

52nd Alan Buxhull [aged 50].

53rd Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick [aged 34].

1376 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1376 King Edward III of England [aged 63] created a number of new Garter Knights..

54th John Montfort V Duke Brittany [aged 37].

55th Thomas Banastre [aged 42].

56th William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk [aged 37].

57th Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford [aged 40].

58th Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent [aged 26]. He the son of Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales [aged 47] whose second husband was Edward III's son Edward "Black Prince" [aged 45].

59th Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 33] was appointed 59th. He the son of Mary Plantagenet Baroness Percy daughter of Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster who was the first cousin of Edward III's father King Edward II of England.

60th William Beauchamp 1st Baron Abergavenny [aged 33].

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1377 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1377 King Edward III of England [aged 64]1 created three new Garter Knights:

61st Richard of Gloucester [aged 10] (the future Richard III).

62nd Henry Bolingbroke [aged 10] (the future Henry IV).

63rd John Burley [aged 52].

Note 1. We should note that King Edward III at this time was gravely ill dying two months later. His son John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 37] was effectively in power.

Around 1378 Lewis Clifford [aged 14] was appointed 64th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 10].

In 1380 Bermond Arnaud was appointed 65th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 12].

In 1381 Simon Burley [aged 41] was appointed 69th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 13].

In 1381 Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 25] was appointed 66th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 13].

In January 1381 Thomas Felton [aged 51] was appointed 67th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 13].

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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On 23rd April 1381 John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 29] was appointed 68th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 14].

In 1382 Bryan Stapleton [aged 60] was appointed 70th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 14].

In 1382 Richard Burley was appointed 71st Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 14].

In 1383 Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 14] was appointed 72nd Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 15].

In 1385 Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland [aged 22] was appointed 73rd Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 17].

In 1387 Nocholas Sarnesfeld [aged 39] was appointed 75th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 19].

In 1387 Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl of Surrey 4th or 11th Earl of Arundel [aged 41] was appointed 74th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 19].

In May 1387 Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle [aged 14] was appointed 76th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 20].

In 1388 Henry "Hotspur" Percy [aged 23] was appointed 77th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 20].

Around 1388 Thomas Despencer 1st Earl Gloucester [aged 14] was appointed 80th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 20].

Around 1389 Peter Courtenay [aged 43] was appointed 79th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 21].

In 1389 John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux [aged 52] was appointed 78th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 21].

Around 1394 John Beaumont 4th Baron Beaumont [aged 33] was appointed 84th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 26].

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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In 1394 William Scrope 1st Earl Wiltshire [aged 44] was appointed 85th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 26].

Around 1395 William Fitzalan [aged 26] was appointed 86th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 27].

After September 1397 John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was appointed 87th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 30].

In 1398 John Montagu 3rd Earl Salisbury [aged 48] was appointed 89th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 30].

In 1398 Albert Wittelsbach I Duke Lower Bavaria [aged 61] was appointed 90th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 30].

In 1398 Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey [aged 24] was appointed 88th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 30].

In 1398 Simon Felbrigge [aged 38] was appointed 91st Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 30].

In 1399 King Henry V of England [aged 12] was appointed 93rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 31].

In 1399 Thomas Lancaster 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 11] was appointed 94th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 31].

Around 1399 William Wittelsbach IV Count Holland VI Count Hainaut V Count Zeeland [aged 33] was appointed 82nd Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 31].

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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Around 1399 John Bourchier 2nd Baron Bourchier [aged 70] was appointed 83rd Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 31].

In 1399 Philip Vache [aged 51] was appointed 92nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 31].

Around 1399 William Jülich 3rd Duke Guelders 3rd Duke Jülich [aged 34] was appointed 81st Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 31].

1400 Creation of Garter Knights

Around April 1400 the newly crowned King Henry IV of England [aged 32] created a number of new Garter Knights, including his children, to replace those of who had been executed during the Epiphany Rising.

95th John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford [aged 10].

96th Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester [aged 9].

97th Thomas Fitzalan 10th Earl of Surrey 5th or 12th Earl of Arundel [aged 18].

98th Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 23].

Around 1401 Thomas Erpingham [aged 46] was appointed 103rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 33].

In 1401 William Willoughby 5th Baron Willoughby [aged 31] was appointed 100th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 33].

In August 1401 Thomas Rempston was appointed 101st Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 34].

Around 1403 Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 39] was appointed 105th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 35].

Around May 1403 Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford [aged 25] was appointed 104th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 36].

On 22nd July 1403 Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick [aged 21] was appointed 99th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 36].

Around 1404 John Stanley [aged 54] was appointed 109th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 36].

Around 1404 William Ros 6th Baron Ros Helmsley [aged 34] was appointed 108th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 36].

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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Around 1404 Edmund Holland 4th Earl Kent [aged 19] was appointed 106th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 36].

In 1404 Richard Grey 1st or 4th Baron Grey of Codnor [aged 33] was appointed 107th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 36].

Around 1405 King Eric of Norway, Denmark and Sweden [aged 24] was appointed 110th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 37].

In 1405 John Lovell 5th Baron Lovel, Baron Holand [aged 64] was appointed 111th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 37].

Around 1407 Hugh Burnell 2nd Baron Burnell [aged 60] was appointed 112th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 39].

Before 1408 Edward Charleton 5th Baron Cherleton [aged 37] was appointed 113th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 40].

In 1408 Robert Umfraville [aged 45] was appointed 116th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 40].

Around 1408 King John I of Portugal [aged 56] was appointed 102nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 40].

Around 1408 Gilbert Talbot 8th Baron Strange Blackmere 5th Baron Talbot [aged 25] was appointed 114th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 40].

In 1409 John Cornwall 1st Baron Fanhope 1st Baron Milbroke [aged 45] was appointed 117th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 41].

In 1409 Henry Fitzhugh 3rd Baron Fitzhugh [aged 51] was appointed 115th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 41].

Memoires of Jacques du Clercq

This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.

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Around 1410 Henry Scrope 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham [aged 37] was appointed 118th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 42].

In 1411 Thomas Morley 5th Baron Marshal 4th Baron Morley [aged 57] was appointed 119th Knight of the Garter by King Henry IV of England [aged 43].

In 1413 John Abrichecourt was appointed 120th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 26].

In 1413 Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund [aged 44] was appointed 127th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 26].

In 1413 Richard de Vere 11th Earl of Oxford [aged 27] was appointed 126th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 26].

In 1413 John Holland 2nd Duke Exeter [aged 17] was appointed 125th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 26].

In 1414 Thomas Montagu 1st Count Perche 4th Earl Salisbury [aged 25] was appointed 121st Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 27].

Around 1415 William Zouche 4th Baron Zouche Harringworth [aged 42] was appointed 124th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 28].

In 1416 William Harrington [aged 43] was appointed 123rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 29].

On 23rd April 1416 Thomas Camoys 1st Baron Camoys [aged 65] was appointed 122nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 29].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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Around 1417 John Blount [aged 29] was appointed 129th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 30].

In December 1417 Robert Willoughby 6th Baron Willoughby [aged 32] was appointed 128th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 31].

Around 1418 Hugh Stafford Baron Bourchier, 1st Baron Stafford was appointed 131st Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 31].

Around 1418 William Phelip [aged 35] was appointed 132nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 31].

Around 1418 John Robbessart [aged 28] was appointed 130th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 31].

In 1419 John Grey 1st Earl Tankerville [aged 34] was appointed 133rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 32].

In 1421 Philip "Good" Valois III Duke Burgundy [aged 24] was appointed 140th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

In 1421 John Mowbray 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] was appointed 138th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

In 1421 Hertong Clux was appointed 136th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

In 1421 William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk [aged 24] was appointed 139th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

On 3rd May 1421 Walter Hungerford 1st Baron Hungerford [aged 42] was appointed 134th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

On 3rd May 1421 John Clifford 7th Baron Clifford [aged 32] was appointed 137th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

On 3rd May 1421 Louis Robbessart [aged 31] was appointed 135th Knight of the Garter by King Henry V of England [aged 34].

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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After 17th August 1424 John "Old Talbot" Talbot 1st Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 41] was appointed 141st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 2] probably for his role in the Battle of Verneuil.

In 1426 Thomas Scales 7th Baron Scales [aged 29] was appointed 142nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 4].

In February 1426 John Fastolf [aged 46] was appointed 143rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 4].

In 1427 Peter Aviz I Duke Coimbra [aged 34] was appointed 144th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 5].

In 1429 King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 7] created two Knigts of the Garter:

145th Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham [aged 26].

146th John Radclyffe [aged 49].

In April 1432 John Fitzalan 7th or 14th Earl of Arundel [aged 24] was appointed 147th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 10].

In 1433 Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York [aged 21] was appointed 148th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 11].

In 1435 Edward "The Philosopher" I King Portugal [aged 43] was appointed 149th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 13].

In 1436 Edmund Beaufort 1st or 2nd Duke of Somerset [aged 30] was appointed 150th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 14].

On 5th May 1436 John Grey [aged 49] was appointed 151st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 14].

In 1438 Richard Neville Earl Salisbury [aged 38] was appointed 152nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 16].

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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In 1438 Albert Habsburg V Duke Austria [aged 40] was appointed 153rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 16].

In 1439 Gaston Foix was appointed 154th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 17].

Around 1440 Ralph Boteler 6th and 1st Baron Sudeley [aged 51] was appointed 157th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 18].

In 1440 William Neville 1st Earl Kent [aged 35] was appointed 155th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 18].

In 1442 John Beaumont 1st Viscount Beaumont [aged 32] was appointed 158th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 20].

In 1443 John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset [aged 40] was appointed 156th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 21].

In 1445 Álvaro Vaz Almada 1st Count Avranches [aged 55] was appointed 162nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 23].

In 1445 Thomas Hoo 1st Baron Hoo and Hastings [aged 49] was appointed 161st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 23].

In 1445 John Beauchamp 1st Baron Beauchamp Powick [aged 36] was appointed 159th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 23].

In 1446 John Foix 1st Earl Kendal [aged 35] was appointed 163rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 24].

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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In 1447 François Surrienne was appointed 165th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 25].

In 1447 Henry "The Navigator" Aviz [aged 52] was appointed 160th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 25].

In 1447 Alfonso "The African" V King Portugal [aged 14] was appointed 164th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 25].

In 1450 Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers [aged 45] was appointed 169th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 28].

In 1450 Casimir IV King Poland [aged 22] was appointed 168th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 28].

In 1450 Alfonso V King Aragon [aged 54] was appointed 166th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 28].

On 4th August 1450 William "The Victorious" Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg [aged 58] was appointed 167th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 28].

In 1451 John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 35] was appointed 170th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 29].

In 1451 John Sutton 1st Baron Dudley [aged 50] was appointed 178th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 29].

In 1452 Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex [aged 48] was appointed 171st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 30].

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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In 1453 Edward Hull was appointed 172nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 31].

In 1457 King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 35] created three Knights of the Garter.:

173rd John Talbot 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 39].

174th Thomas Stanley 1st Baron Stanley [aged 52].

175th Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles [aged 51].

176th Frederick "Peaceful or Fat" Habsburg III Holy Roman Emperor [aged 41].

Around 1459 Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford [aged 27] was appointed 180th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 37].

In 1459 John Bourchier 1st Baron Berners [aged 43] was appointed 179th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 37].

In 1459 James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde [aged 38] was appointed 177th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 37].

February 1461 Creation of Garter Knights by Edward IV

On 8th February 1461 King Edward IV of England [aged 18] created four Garter Knights two of whom, Bonville and Kyriell, would be executed nine days later after their capture at the Second Battle of St Albans:

181st Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 32].

182nd William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville [aged 68].

183rd Thomas Kyriell [aged 65].

184th John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 61].

April 1461 Creation of Garter Knights by Edward IV

In April 1461 King Edward IV of England [aged 18] appointed new Garter Knights to replace William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville and Thomas Kyriell, both of whom had been created Garter Knights only two months before, and who had both been executed following the Second Battle of St Albans:

185th George York 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 11].

186th William Chamberlaine.

1462 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1462 King Edward IV of England [aged 19] appointed new Garter Knights:

187th John "Butcher of England" Tiptoft 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 34].

188th William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 31].

189th John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu [aged 31].

190th William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke [aged 39].

191st John Astley.

1463 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1463 King Edward IV of England [aged 20] appointed new Garter Knights:

192nd Ferdinand I King Naples [aged 39].

193rd Galeard Durefort [aged 33].

194th John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 25].

195th Francesco Sforza I Duke Milan [aged 61].

196th James Douglas 9th Earl Douglas 3rd Earl Avondale [aged 37].

197th Robert Harcourt [aged 52].

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In 1465 Richard Duke of Gloucester [aged 12] was appointed 198th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 22].

In 1466 Anthony Woodville 2nd Earl Rivers [aged 26] was appointed 199th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 23].

In 1467 Iñigo Avalos was appointed 200th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 24].

In February 1470 Charles "Bold" Valois Duke Burgundy [aged 36] was appointed 201st Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 27].

In 1471 William Fitzalan 9th or 16th Earl of Arundel [aged 53] was appointed 202nd Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 28].

1472 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1472 King Edward IV of England [aged 29] appointed new Garter Knights given the large number of vacant positions as a result of the recent Warwick rebellion:

203rd John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 27].

204th John Stafford 1st Earl Wiltshire [aged 44].

205th Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 40].

206th Walter Blount 1st Baron Mountjoy [aged 56].

207th John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 47].

208th John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk [aged 29].

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1474 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1474 King Edward IV of England [aged 31] appointed new Garter Knights:

209th Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel [aged 24].

210th William Parr [aged 40].

211th Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham [aged 19].

212th Federico Montefeltro [aged 51].

213th Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 25].

1475 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1475 King Edward IV of England [aged 32] created his two sons as Garter Knights:

214th King Edward V of England [aged 4].

215th Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 1].

In 1476 Thomas Grey 1st Marquess Dorset [aged 21] was appointed 216th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 33].

Memoires of Jacques du Clercq

This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.

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In 1476 Thomas Montgomery was appointed 217th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 33].

In 1480 Ercole Este I Duke Ferrara [aged 48] was appointed 219th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 37].

In 1480 Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 27] was appointed 218th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 37].

In 1482 John II King Portugal [aged 26] was appointed 220th Knight of the Garter by King Edward IV of England [aged 39].

1483 Creation of Garter Knights

Around September 1483 King Richard III of England [aged 30] created a number of new Garter Knights from his key supporters to fill the stalls made vacant by his recent accession:

221st Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 27].

222nd Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 40].

223rd Richard Ratclyffe [aged 53].

224th Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 48].

225th Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough [aged 52].

Around 1484 Richard Tunstall [aged 57] was appointed 226th Knight of the Garter by King Richard III of England [aged 31].

Around 1484 John Conyers [aged 73] was appointed 227th Knight of the Garter by King Richard III of England [aged 31].

In 1486 John Cheney 1st Baron Cheyne [aged 44] was appointed 229th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 28].

Around 1486 John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford [aged 43] was appointed 228th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 28].

Around 15th December 1486 Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney [aged 35] was appointed 231st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1487 George Stanley 9th Baron Strange Knockin 5th Baron Mohun Dunster [aged 27] was appointed 233rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 29].

Around 1487 John Dynham 1st Baron Dynham [aged 54] was appointed 230th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 29].

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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Around 1487 William Stanley [aged 52] was appointed 232nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 29].

On 16th June 1487 George Talbot 4th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 19] was appointed 234th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1488 Edward Woodville Lord Scales [aged 32] was appointed 235th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 30].

Around 1488 John Welles 1st Viscount Welles [aged 38] was appointed 236th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 30].

On 16th November 1488 John Savage [aged 44] was appointed 237th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 31].

Around 1489 Robert Willoughby 1st Baron Willoughby 9th Baron Latimer [aged 37] was appointed 238th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 31].

Around 1489 Maximilian Habsburg I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 29] was appointed 239th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 31].

On 8th May 1491 Prince Arthur Tudor [aged 4] was appointed 240th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 34]. at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map].

In 1493 Alfonso II King Naples [aged 44] was appointed 242nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 35].

Around 1494 Edward Courtenay 1st Earl Devon [aged 35] was appointed 241st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 36].

1499 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1499 King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 41] created a number of Garter Knights..

243rd Edward Poynings [aged 40].

244th John King of Denmark Norway and Sweden [aged 43].

245th Gilbert Talbot [aged 47].

246th King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 7].

247th Henry Percy 5th Earl of Northumberland [aged 20].

248th Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham [aged 20].

249th Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 39]. The date sometimes given as 1496?

250th Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk [aged 28].

251st Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu.

252nd Thomas Lovell.

253rd Richard Pole [aged 37].

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Around 1502 Reginald Bray [aged 62] was appointed 255th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 44].

Around 1502 Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset [aged 24] was appointed 256th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 44].

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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Around 1503 Richard Guildford [aged 53] was appointed 254th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 45].

Around 1504 Gerald Fitzgerald 8th Earl of Kildare [aged 47] was appointed 258th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 46].

Around 1504 Guidabaldo Montefeltro [aged 31] was appointed 259th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1505 Rhys ap Thomas Deheubarth [aged 56] was appointed 262nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 47]..

In 1505 Richard Grey 3rd Earl Kent [aged 24] was appointed 260th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 47].

On 22nd April 1505 Henry Stafford 1st Earl Wiltshire [aged 26] was appointed 261st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 48].

Around 1506 Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile [aged 27] was appointed 257th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 48].

In 1507 Thomas Brandon was appointed 263rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1508 Charles V Holy Roman Emperor [aged 7] was appointed 264th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 50].

In 1509 Edward Sutton 2nd Baron Dudley [aged 50] was appointed 266th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 17].

In 1509 Thomas Darcy 1st Baron Darcy Templehurst [aged 42] was appointed 265th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 17].

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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In 1510 Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 37] was appointed 268th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 18].

In 1510 Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal [aged 40] was appointed 267th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 18].

On 11th May 1510 Thomas West 8th Baron De La Warr 5th Baron West [aged 53] was appointed 270th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 18].

In 1513 Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk [aged 29] was appointed 273rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 21].

In 1513 George Neville 5th and 3rd Baron Abergavenny [aged 44] was appointed 271st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 21].

Before 25th April 1513 Edward Howard [aged 37] was appointed 272nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 21].

In 1514 Giuliano Medici Duke Nemours [aged 34] was appointed 274th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 22]..

On 8th May 1514 Edward Stanley 1st Baron Monteagle [aged 52] was appointed 275th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 22].

In 1518 William Sandys 1st Baron Sandys of the Vyne [aged 48] was appointed 277th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1518 Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 50] was appointed 276th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 26].

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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In 1521 Henry Courtenay 1st Marquess Exeter [aged 25] was appointed 278th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1522 Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 18] was appointed 279th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1522 Richard Wingfield [aged 53] was appointed 280th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1523 Thomas Boleyn [aged 46] was appointed 281st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 31].

In 1523 Walter Devereux 1st Viscount Hereford [aged 35] was appointed 282nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 31].

In 1524 Arthur Plantagenet 1st Viscount Lisle [aged 59] was appointed 283rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 32].

On 7th May 1524 Robert Radclyffe 1st Earl of Sussex [aged 41] was appointed 284th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 32].

1525 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1525, probably around St George's Day, 23rd April 1525, King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 33] created four new Knights of the Garter:

285th. William Fitzalan 11th or 18th Earl of Arundel [aged 49].

286th. Thomas Manners 1st Earl of Rutland [aged 33].

287th. Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Richmond and Somerset [aged 5].

288th. Ralph Neville 4th Earl of Westmoreland [aged 26].

1526 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1526, probably around St George's Day, 23rd April 1526, King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 34] created four new Knights of the Garter:

289th. William Blount 4th Baron Mountjoy [aged 48].

290th. William Fitzwilliam 1st Earl of Southampton [aged 36].

291st. Henry Guildford [aged 37].

292nd. King Francis I of France [aged 31].

On 21st October 1527 John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford [aged 56] was appointed 293rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 36].

In 1531 Henry Percy 6th Earl of Northumberland [aged 29] was appointed 294th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 39].

In October 1532 Anne I Duke of Montmorency [aged 39] was appointed 295th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 41].

In October 1533 Admiral Philippe Chabot [aged 41] was appointed 296th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 42].

In 1535 King James V of Scotland [aged 22] was appointed 297th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 43].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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On 23rd April 1536 Nicholas Carew of Beddington in Surrey [aged 40] was appointed 298th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 44]. See 1536 Letter 715. He had received twice as many votes as George Boleyn Viscount Rochford [aged 33] who had expected to be elected; he, George, would be executed a month later.

In 1537 Henry Clifford 1st Earl of Cumberland [aged 44] was appointed 299th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 45].

On 23rd April 1537 Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl Essex [aged 52] was appointed 300th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 45].

Chronicle of Edward Hall [1496-1548]. 23rd April 1537. This year at the feast of St George, was the Lord Cromwell [aged 52] made knight of the Gartier.

Wriothesley's Chronicle [1508-1562]. 26th August 1537. This yeare, on Soundaie the 26th daie of August, the Lord Crumwell [aged 52] was made Knight of the Garter and stlled at Wyndsore.

In 1539 William Kingston [aged 63] was appointed 303rd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 47].

In 1539 Thomas Cheney [aged 54] was appointed 302nd Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 47].

On 18th May 1539 John Russell 1st Earl Bedford [aged 54] was appointed 301st Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 47].

1540 Creation of Garter Knights

On 24th April 1540 Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden [aged 52] was appointed 304th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 48].

In 1540 Anthony Browne [aged 40] was appointed 305th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland.

1541 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1541, probably around St George's Day, 23rd April 1541, King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 49] created four new Knights of the Garter:

306th. Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset [aged 41].

307th. Henry Howard Earl of Surrey [aged 25].

308th. John Gage [aged 61].

309th. Anthony Wingfield [aged 54].

1543 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1543, probably around St George's Day, 23rd April 1543, King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 51] created three new Knights of the Garter:

310th. John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland [aged 39].

311th. William Paulet 1st Marquess Winchester [aged 60].

312th. William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton [aged 31].

On 24th December 1543 John Wallop [aged 53] was appointed 313th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 52]. See Chronicle of Calais.

In 1544 Anthony St Leger [aged 48] was appointed 315th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 52].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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After 23rd January 1544 Henry Fitzalan 12th or 19th Earl of Arundel [aged 31] was appointed 314th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 52].

In 1545 Francis Talbot 5th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 45] was appointed 316th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 53].

In 1545 Thomas Wriothesley 1st Earl of Southampton [aged 39] was appointed 317th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 53].

1549 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1549 King Edward VI of England and Ireland [aged 11] created new Knights of the Garter:

322nd Francis Hastings 2nd Earl Huntingdon [aged 35].

323rd George Brooke 9th Baron Cobham [aged 52].

324th Thomas West 9th Baron De La Warr 6th Baron West [aged 74].

325th William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke [aged 48].

1551 Creation of Garter Knights

In April 1551 King Edward VI of England and Ireland [aged 13] created new Knights of the Garter:

326th King Henry II of France [aged 32].

327th Edward Clinton 1st Earl Lincoln [aged 39].

328th Thomas Darcy 1st Baron Darcy [aged 44].

Trial and Execution of Edward Seymour Duke of Somerset and his Supporters

Around 26th February 1552 William Paget 1st Baron Paget Beaudasert [aged 46] was degraded 321st Knight of the Garter by King Edward VI of England and Ireland [aged 14].

Trial and Execution of Lady Jane Grey's Supporters

Henry Machyn's Diary. 18th August 1553. The xviij day of August was reynyd at Westmynster hall the marqwes of Northamton [aged 41], and the duke [aged 49], and th'erle of Warwyke [aged 26], and so they wher condemnyd to be had to the place that thay cam fro, and from thens to be drane thrugh London onto Tyburne [Map], and ther to be hangyd, and then to be cott downe, and ther bowells to be brentt, and ther heds to be sett on London bryge and odur [places.]

Note. He was degraded 312th Knight of the Garter for having supported the cause of Jane Grey I Queen England and Ireland [aged 17]. Marquess Northampton, Earl Essex forfeit. He was released after a few months following the accession of Elizabeth I.

In 1554 Emmanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy [aged 25] was appointed 333rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Mary I of England and Ireland [aged 37].

1554 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd August 1554 Queen Mary I of England and Ireland [aged 38] created her new husband [aged 27] and the Earl of Sussex Garter Knights:

331st Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain.

332nd Henry Radclyffe 2nd Earl of Sussex [aged 47].

On 9th October 1554 William Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 44] was appointed 334th Knight of the Garter by Queen Mary I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

In 1555 Edward Hastings 1st Baron Hastings of Loughborough [aged 34] was appointed 335th Knight of the Garter by Queen Mary I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

On 17th October 1555 Anthony Browne 1st Viscount Montagu [aged 26] was appointed 336th Knight of the Garter by Queen Mary I of England and Ireland [aged 39].

1557 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1557 Queen Mary I of England and Ireland [aged 41] appointed three new Garter Knights:

337th Thomas Radclyffe 3rd Earl of Sussex [aged 32].

338th William Grey 13th Baron Grey of Wilton [aged 48].

339th Robert Rochester [aged 63].

1559 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1559 Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 25] created Garter Knights:

340th Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 23].

341st Henry Manners 2nd Earl of Rutland [aged 32].

342nd Robert Dudley 1st Earl of Leicester [aged 26].

William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton [aged 47] was restored 312th. He had been degraded in 1553.

In 1560 Duke Adolph Oldenburg of Holstein-Gotorp [aged 33] was appointed 343rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 26]. It isn't entirely clear why he was awarded the Garter. He was a thirty-four years old, unmarried younger son of the King of Denark. He may have been pursuing a marriage to Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland.

1561 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1561 at a lavish ceremony Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 27] appointed two new Garter Knights..

344th George Talbot 6th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 33].

345th Henry Carey 1st Baron Hunsdon [aged 35].

1563 Creation of Garter Knights

On 24th April 1563 Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 29] created two new Garter Knights:

346th Thomas Percy 7th Earl of Northumberland [aged 35].

347th Ambrose Dudley 3rd Earl Warwick [aged 33].

In 1564 Francis Russell 2nd Earl Bedford [aged 37] was appointed 349th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1564 Henry Sidney [aged 35] was appointed 350th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 30].

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

On 14th May 1564 Charles IX King France [aged 13] was appointed 348th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1567 Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [aged 39] was appointed 351st Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 33].

In 1570 Henry Hastings 3rd Earl Huntingdon [aged 35] was appointed 352nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 36].

In 1570 William Somerset 3rd Earl of Worcester [aged 44] was appointed 353rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 36].

In 1572 Francis Montmorency [aged 41] was appointed 354th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

In 1572 Arthur Grey 14th Baron Grey of Wilton [aged 36] was appointed 357th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

In 1572 Edmund Brydges 2nd Baron Chandos [aged 50] was appointed 358th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

In 1572 William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley [aged 51] was appointed 356th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

On 17th June 1572 Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex [aged 30] was appointed 355th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38].

In 1574 Henry Stanley 4th Earl of Derby [aged 42] was appointed 359th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 40].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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In 1574 Henry Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke [aged 35] was appointed 360th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 40].

In 1575 Henry III King France [aged 23] was appointed 361st Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 41].

In 1575 Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 39] was appointed 362nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 41].

In 1578 Frederick II King of Denmark [aged 43] was appointed 364th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 44]..

In 1578 Rudolf II Holy Roman Emperor [aged 25] was appointed 363rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 44].

In 1579 John Casimir Palatinate Simmern [aged 35] was appointed 365th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 45].

In 1584 Henry Scrope 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 50] was appointed 368th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 50].

In 1584 Edward Manners 3rd Earl of Rutland [aged 34] was appointed 366th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 50].

On 14th April 1585 William Brooke 10th Baron Cobham [aged 57] was appointed 367th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 51].

In 1588 Thomas "Black Tom" Butler 10th Earl Ormonde 3rd Earl Ossory [aged 56] was appointed 370th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 54].

Around 1588 Christopher Hatton [aged 48] was appointed 371st Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 54].

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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In 1588 Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex [aged 22] was appointed 369th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 54].

In 1589 Thomas Sackville 1st Earl Dorset [aged 53] was appointed 373rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 55].

In 1589 Henry Radclyffe 4th Earl of Sussex [aged 57] was appointed 372nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 55].

In 1590 Henry IV King France [aged 36] was appointed 374th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 56].

In 1590 King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 23] was appointed 375th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 56].

In 1592 George Clifford 3rd Earl of Cumberland [aged 33] was appointed 377th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 58].

In 1592 Gilbert Talbot 7th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 39] was appointed 376th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 58].

In 1593 Edward Somerset 4th Earl of Worcester [aged 43] was appointed 379th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 59].

1593 Creation of Garter Knights

On 23rd April 1593 Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 59] created three new Garter Knights..

380th Thomas Burgh 9th Baron Cobham 7th Baron Strabolgi 3rd Baron Burgh [aged 35].

381st Edmund Sheffield 1st Earl Mulgrave [aged 27].

382nd Francis Knollys [aged 81].

On 26th June 1593 Henry "Wizard Earl" Percy 9th Earl of Northumberland [aged 29] was appointed 378th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 59].

In 1597 Charles Blount 1st Earl Devonshire [aged 34] was appointed 386th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 63].

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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In 1597 Henry Lee of Ditchley [aged 63] was appointed 387th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 63].

In 1597 Frederick I Duke Württemberg [aged 39] was appointed 383rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 63].

In 1597 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk [aged 35] was appointed 384th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 63].

On 23rd April 1597 George Carey 2nd Baron Hunsdon [aged 50] was appointed 385th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 63].

In 1599 Henry Brooke 11th Baron Cobham [aged 34] was appointed 389th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 65].

In 1599 Thomas Scrope 10th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 32] was appointed 390th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 65].

In 1599 Robert Radclyffe 5th Earl of Sussex [aged 25] was appointed 388th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 65].

In 1601 Thomas Cecil 1st Earl Exeter [aged 58] was appointed 392nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 67].

In 1601 William Stanley 6th Earl of Derby [aged 40] was appointed 391st Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 67].

In 1602 Henry Wriothesley 3rd Earl of Southampton [aged 28] was appointed 396th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 35].

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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In 1603 William Herbert 3rd Earl Pembroke [aged 22] was appointed 398th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 36].

In 1603 Ludovic Stewart 2nd Duke Lennox 1st Duke Richmond [aged 28] was appointed 395th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 36].

In 1603 John Erskine 19th Earl of Mar [aged 41] was appointed 397th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 36].

In 1603 Christian IV King of Denmark [aged 25] was appointed 394th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 36]..

On 14th June 1603 Henry Frederick Stewart Prince of Wales [aged 9] was appointed 393rd Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 36].

In 1605 George Home 1st Earl Dunbar [aged 49] was appointed 403rd Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 38].

On 24th February 1605 Henry Howard 1st Earl of Northampton [aged 64] was appointed 400th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 38].

On 16th May 1605 Prince Ulrik Oldenburg [aged 26] was appointed 399th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 38]. at Windsor Castle [Map].

In 1606 Robert Cecil 1st Earl Salisbury [aged 42] was appointed 401st Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 39].

In 1606 Thomas Howard 3rd Viscount Howard Bindon was appointed 402nd Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 39].

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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In 1608 Philip Herbert 4th Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Montgomery [aged 23] was appointed 404th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 41].

In 1611 Robert Carr 1st Earl Somerset [aged 24] was appointed 407th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 44].

In 1611 King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 10] was appointed 405th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 44].

In 1612 Prince Maurice I of Orange [aged 44] was appointed 409th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 45]..

Marriage of Elizabeth Stewart and Frederick V Elector Palatine

Before 14th February 1613 Frederick Palatinate Simmern V Elector Palatine Rhine [aged 16] was appointed 408th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 46].

In 1615 Thomas Erskine 1st Earl Kellie [aged 49] was appointed 410th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 48].

In 1615 William Knollys 1st Earl Banbury [aged 71] was appointed 411th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 48].

In 1616 George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham [aged 23] was appointed 413th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 49]. Aged twenty-four. He had become the King's favourite.

In 1616 Robert Sidney 1st Earl of Leicester [aged 52] was appointed 414th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 49].

1616 Creation of Garter Knights

On 24th April 1616 King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 49] created two new Garter Knights:

In 1623 James Hamilton 2nd Marquess Hamilton [aged 34] was appointed 415th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 56].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

In 1624 James Hay 2nd Earl Carlisle [aged 12] was appointed 419th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 57].

In 1624 Christian Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel [aged 24] was appointed 417th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 57].

In 1624 William Cecil 2nd Earl Salisbury [aged 32] was appointed 418th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 57].

In 1625 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire [aged 37] was appointed 422nd Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 24].

In 1625 Henry Rich 1st Earl Holland [aged 34] was appointed 421st Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 58].

In 1625 Edward Sackville 4th Earl Dorset [aged 34] was appointed 420th Knight of the Garter by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [aged 58].

In 1625 Claude Guise [aged 46] was appointed 423rd Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 24].

In 1627 Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk [aged 44] was appointed 426th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1627 King Gustavus Adolphus II of Sweden [aged 32] was appointed 424th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1627 Frederick Henry Orange Nassau II Prince Orange [aged 42] was appointed 425th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 26].

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

In 1628 William Compton 1st Earl of Northampton was appointed 427th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 27].

1630 Knight of the Garter Appointments

In 1630 King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 29] created four Knights of the Garter..

428th Richard Weston 1st Earl of Portland [aged 52].

429th Robert Bertie 1st Earl Lindsey [aged 47].

430th William Cecil 2nd Earl Exeter [aged 64].

431st James Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton [aged 23].

1633 Knight of the Garter Appointments

In 1633 King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 32] created four Knights of the Garter..

423nd Charles Louis Palatinate Simmern [aged 15].

433rd James Stewart 4th Duke Lennox 1st Duke Richmond [aged 20].

434th Henry Danvers 1st Earl Danby [aged 59].

435th William Douglas 7th Earl Morton [aged 51].

In 1635 Algernon Percy 10th Earl of Northumberland [aged 32] was appointed 436th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 34].

In 1638 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 7] was appointed 437th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 37].

In 1640 Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Strafford [aged 46] was appointed 438th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 39].

In 1642 James, Duke of York [aged 8] was appointed 439th Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 41].

In 1642 Prince Rupert Palatinate Simmern 1st Duke Cumberland [aged 22] was appointed 440th Knight of the Garter by his uncle King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 41].

In 1645 William Orange Nassau II Prince Orange [aged 18] was appointed 441st Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 44]..

In 1645 Bernard de Nogaret de La Valette d'Epernon [aged 53] was appointed 442nd Knight of the Garter by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 44].

In 1649 George Villiers 2nd Duke of Buckingham [aged 20] was appointed 446th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 18].

In 1649 Edward Palatinate Simmern [aged 23] was appointed 445th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 18].

In 1649 James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde [aged 38] was appointed 444th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 18].

In 1649 Maurice Palatinate Simmern [aged 27] was appointed 443rd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 18].

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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In 1650 William Seymour 2nd Duke of Somerset [aged 62] was appointed 447th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1650 Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester [aged 42] was appointed 448th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1650 James Stanley 7th Earl of Derby [aged 42] was appointed 452nd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1650 James Graham 1st Marquess Montrose [aged 37] was appointed 451st Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1650 William Cavendish 1st Duke Newcastle upon Tyne [aged 57] was appointed 450th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1650 William Hamilton 2nd Duke Hamilton [aged 33] was appointed 449th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1653 George Digby 2nd Earl Bristol [aged 40] was appointed 453rd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 22].

In 1653 Henry Stewart 1st Duke Gloucester [aged 12] was appointed 454th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 22].

In 1653 King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 2] was appointed 456th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 22].

In 1653 Henri Tremoille [aged 54] was appointed 455th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 22].

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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In 1654 Frederick William "Great Elector" Hohenzollern Elector Brandenburg [aged 33] was appointed 457th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 23]..

In 1658 John Marchin [aged 57] was appointed 458th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 27].

In 1660 Edward Montagu 1st Earl Sandwich [aged 34] was appointed 460th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1660 Aubrey de Vere 20th Earl of Oxford [aged 32] was appointed 461st Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1660 George Monck 1st Duke Albemarle [aged 51] was appointed 459th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1661 William Wentworth 2nd Earl Strafford [aged 34] was appointed 465th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1661 Montagu Bertie 2nd Earl Lindsey [aged 53] was appointed 463rd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1661 Edward Montagu 2nd Earl Manchester [aged 59] was appointed 464th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 30].

On 15th April 1661 Charles Stewart 6th Duke Lennox 3rd Duke Richmond [aged 22] was appointed 462nd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 30].

In 1662 Christian V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 15] was appointed 466th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 31].

Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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On 28th March 1663 James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch [aged 13] was appointed 467th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 32].

In 1666 James Stewart 1st Duke Cambridge [aged 2] was appointed 468th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 35].

In 1668 John George Wettin Elector Saxony [aged 54] was appointed 470th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 37].

In 1668 Charles XI King Sweden [aged 12] was appointed 469th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 37].

In 1670 Christopher Monck 2nd Duke Albemarle [aged 16] was appointed 471st Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 39].

In 1672 Henry Jermyn 1st Earl St Albans [aged 66] was appointed 474th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 41].

In 1672 Henry Somerset 1st Duke Beaufort [aged 43] was appointed 473rd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 41].

In 1672 Thomas Butler 6th Earl Ossory [aged 37] was appointed 477th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 41].

On 29th May 1672 William Russell 1st Duke Bedford [aged 55] was appointed 475th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 42].

On 3rd June 1672 John Maitland 1st Duke Lauderdale [aged 56] was appointed 472nd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 42].

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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On 15th June 1672 Henry Bennet 1st Earl Arlington [aged 54] was appointed 476th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 42].

In 1673 Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland [aged 10] was appointed 478th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 42].

In 1674 John Sheffield 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby [aged 25] was appointed 479th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 43].

In 1677 Thomas Osborne 1st Duke Leeds [aged 44] was appointed 481st Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1677 Henry Cavendish 2nd Duke Newcastle upon Tyne [aged 46] was appointed 480th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1680 Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton [aged 16] was appointed 482nd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1680 Charles Palatinate Simmern II Elector Palatine Rhine [aged 28] was appointed 484th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1680 James Cecil 3rd Earl Salisbury [aged 32] was appointed 483rd Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1681 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond [aged 8] was appointed 485th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 50].

In 1682 William Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton [aged 47] was appointed 486th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 51].

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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In 1684 Charles Seymour 6th Duke of Somerset [aged 21] was appointed 488th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 53].

On 1st January 1684 Prince George of Denmark 1st Duke Cumberland [aged 30] was appointed 487th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 53].

On 10th January 1684 George Fitzroy 1st Duke Northumberland [aged 18] was appointed 489th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 53].

In 1685 Lawrence Hyde 1st Earl Rochester [aged 42] was appointed 492nd Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 51].

In 1685 Henry Mordaunt 2nd Earl Peterborough [aged 63] was appointed 491st Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 51].

In 1685 Louis Duras 2nd Earl Feversham [aged 44] was appointed 493rd Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 51]..

In 1685 Henry Howard 7th Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] was appointed 490th Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 51].

Execution of the Duke of Monmouth

John Evelyn's Diary. 15th July 1685. Thus ended this quondam Duke [aged 36], darling of his father and ye ladies, being extreamly handsome and adroit; an excellent souldier and dancer, a favourite of the people, of an easy nature, debauch'd by lust, seduc'd by crafty knaves who would have set him up only to make a property, and took the opportunity of the King being of another religion, to gather a party of discontented men. He fail'd, and perish'd. He was a lovely person, had a virtuous and excellent lady that brought him greate riches, and a second dukedom in Scotland. He was Master of the Horse, General of the King his father's Army, Gentleman of the Bedchamber, Knight of the Garter, Chancellor of Cambridge, in a word had accumulations without end. See what ambition and want of principles brought him to! He was beheaded on Tuesday 14th July [Note. Most sources quote 15th July 1685]. His mother, whose name was Barlow [Note. Lucy Walter is often spoken of incorrectly as Mrs. Walters or Waters, and during her career she seems to have adopted the alias of Mrs. Barlo or Barlow (the name of a family with which the Walters of Pembrokeshire had intermarried). From Dictionary of National Biography.], daughter of some very meane creatures, was a beautiful strumpet, whom I had often seene at Paris; she died miserably without any thing to bury her; yet this Perkin had ben made to believe that the King had married her; a monstrous and ridiculous forgerie; and to satisfy the world of the iniquity of the report, the King his father (If his father he really was, for he most resembl'd one Sidney, who was familiar with his mother) publickly and most solemnly renounc'd it, to be so enter'd in the Council Booke some yeares since, with all ye Privy Councellors at testation.

In 1687 Robert Spencer 2nd Earl of Sunderland [aged 45] was appointed 494th Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 53].

In 1688 James Fitzjames 1st Duke Berwick [aged 17] was appointed 495th Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 54].

On 28th September 1688 James Butler 2nd Duke Ormonde [aged 23] was appointed 496th Knight of the Garter by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 54].

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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In 1689 Frederick Schomberg 1st Duke Schomberg [aged 73] was appointed 497th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 38] and Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1689 William Cavendish 1st Duke Devonshire [aged 48] was appointed 498th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 38] and Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1690 Frederick I King Prussia [aged 32] was appointed 499th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 39] and Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland [aged 27].

In 1692 John George Wettin IV Elector Saxony [aged 23] was appointed 501st Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 41] and Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1694 Charles Talbot 1st Duke Shrewsbury [aged 33] was appointed 503rd Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 43] and Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland [aged 31].

In 1696 Prince William Duke Gloucester [aged 6] was appointed 504th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 45]..

In 1697 William Bentinck 1st Earl of Portland [aged 47] was appointed 505th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1698 John Holles 1st Duke Newcastle upon Tyne [aged 35] was appointed 506th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 47].

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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In 1700 Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle [aged 29] was appointed 508th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1700 Thomas Herbert 8th Earl Pembroke 5th Earl Montgomery [aged 44] was appointed 507th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1701 King George I [aged 40] was appointed 509th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 50].

In 1701 James Douglas 2nd Duke Queensberry [aged 38] was appointed 510th Knight of the Garter by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 50].

In 1702 Wriothesley Russell 2nd Duke Bedford [aged 21] was appointed 511th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 36].

In December 1702 John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough [aged 52] was appointed 512th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 37].

1702 Capture of Venlo, Roermond, Stevensweert and Liège

John Evelyn's Diary. 1st December 1702. After the excess of honor conferred by the Queen [aged 37] on the Earl of Marlborough [aged 52], by making him a Knight of the Garter and a Duke, for the success of but one campaign, that he should desire £5,000 a year to be settled on him by Parliament out of the Post Office, was thought a bold and unadvised request, as he had, besides his own considerable estate, above £30,000 a year in places and employments, with £50,000 at interest. He had married one daughter [aged 21] to the son [aged 24] of my Lord Treasurer Godolphin [aged 57], another [aged 19] to the Earl of Sunderland [aged 27], and a third [aged 15] to the Earl of Bridgewater [aged 21]. He is a very handsome person, well-spoken and affable, and supports his want of acquired knowledge by keeping good company.

In 1703 Meinhart Schomberg 3rd Duke Schomberg [aged 61] was appointed 513th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 37]..

In 1704 Sidney Godolphin 1st Earl Godolphin [aged 58] was appointed 514th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 38].

In 1706 King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 22] was appointed 515th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 40].

In 1710 John Campbell 2nd Duke Argyll [aged 29] was appointed 517th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 44].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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In 1710 William Cavendish 2nd Duke Devonshire [aged 38] was appointed 516th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 44].

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In 1713 Charles Mordaunt 3rd Earl Peterborough 1st Earl Monmouth [aged 55] was appointed 524th Knight of the Garter by Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 47].

In 1714 Charles Montagu 1st Earl Halifax [aged 52] was appointed 528th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 53].

In 1714 John Manners 2nd Duke Rutland [aged 37] was appointed 526th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 53].

In 1714 Lionel Cranfield Sackville 1st Duke Dorset [aged 25] was appointed 527th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 53].

In 1714 Charles Paulet 2nd Duke Bolton [aged 53] was appointed 525th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 53].

In 1717 Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales [aged 9] was appointed 529th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 56].

In 1718 Thomas Pelham Holles 1st Duke Newcastle-under-Lyne [aged 24] was appointed 533rd Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 57].

In 1718 James Berkeley 3rd Earl Berkeley [aged 38] was appointed 534th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 57].

In 1718 Charles Beauclerk 1st Duke St Albans [aged 47] was appointed 531st Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 57].

On 30th April 1718 Ernest Augustus Hanover 1st Duke of York and Albany [aged 43] was appointed 530th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 57].

Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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In 1719 Evelyn Pierrepont 1st Duke Kingston upon Hull [aged 64] was appointed 535th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 58].

In 1719 John Montagu 2nd Duke Montagu [aged 29] was appointed 532nd Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 58].

In 1719 Charles Spencer 3rd Earl of Sunderland [aged 43] was appointed 536th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 58].

In 1721 Henry Clinton 7th Earl Lincoln [aged 37] was appointed 538th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 60].

In 1721 Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton [aged 37] was appointed 537th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 60].

In 1722 John Manners 3rd Duke Rutland [aged 25] was appointed 540th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 61].

In 1722 John Ker 1st Duke Roxburghe [aged 41] was appointed 541st Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 61]..

In 1722 Charles Powlett 3rd Duke Bolton [aged 36] was appointed 539th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 61].

In 1724 Richard Lumley 2nd Earl Scarborough [aged 37] was appointed 542nd Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 63].

In 1724 Charles Townshend 2nd Viscount Townsend [aged 49] was appointed 543rd Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 63].

In 1726 Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond [aged 24] was appointed 544th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 65]. Johnathan "The Elder" Richardson [aged 58] painted his portrait with the Garter Star.

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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In 1726 Robert Walpole 1st Earl Orford [aged 49] was appointed 545th Knight of the Garter by King George I [aged 65].

In 1730 William Augustus Hanover 1st Duke Cumberland [aged 8] was appointed 546th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1730 Philip Stanhope 4th Earl Chesterfield [aged 35] was appointed 547th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1730 Richard Boyle 3rd Earl Burlington [aged 35] was appointed 548th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 46].

In 1733 Prince William of Orange [aged 21] was appointed 549th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1733 William Cavendish 3rd Duke Devonshire [aged 34] was appointed 550th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49].

Excise Crisis

In 1733 Spencer Compton 1st Earl Wilmington [aged 60] was appointed 551st Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49]. as a reward for not following through with his threat to resign over the Excise Crisis.

In 1738 William Capell 3rd Earl Essex [aged 40] was appointed 552nd Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 54].

In 1738 James Waldegrave 1st Earl Waldegrave [aged 54] was appointed 553rd Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 54].

1741 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1741 King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 57] created new Garter Knights as follows:

554th Frederick Hesse-Kassel [aged 20]. Probably as a consequence of his having married the daughter of King George II.

555th Charles Beauclerk 2nd Duke St Albans [aged 44],

556th Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough [aged 34],

557th Evelyn Pierrepont 2nd Duke Kingston upon Hull [aged 30],

558th William Bentinck 2nd Duke Portland [aged 31],

559th Duke Frederick III of Saxe Coburg Altenburg III [aged 41].

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1749 Creation of Garter Knights

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1752 Creation of Knights

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1756 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1756 King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 72] created new Garter Knights as follows:

572nd William Cavendish 4th Duke Devonshire [aged 35],

573rd Henry Howard 4th Earl Carlisle [aged 61],

574th Hugh Percy 1st Duke Northumberland [aged 40],

575th Francis Seymour-Conway 1st Marquess Hertford [aged 37].

In 1757 James Waldegrave 2nd Earl Waldegrave [aged 41] was appointed 576th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 73].

In 1759 Ferdinand Guelph [aged 37] was appointed 577th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 75].

In 1760 Charles Watson-Wentworth 2nd Marquess Rockingham [aged 30] was appointed 578th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 76].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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In 1760 Richard Grenville-Temple 2nd Earl Temple [aged 48] was appointed 579th Knight of the Garter by King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 76].

In 1762 William Henry Hanover 1st Duke Gloucester and Edinburgh [aged 18] was appointed 580th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 23].

In 1762 John Stuart 3rd Earl Bute [aged 48] was appointed 581st Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 23].

In 1764 Adolphus Frederick Mecklenburg Strelitz [aged 25] was appointed 582nd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 25].

In 1764 George Montagu Dunk 2nd Earl Halifax [aged 47] was appointed 583rd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 25].

In 1765 King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 2] was appointed 584th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1765 George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle [aged 40] was appointed 586th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1765 Charles William Ferdinand Brunswick Bevern [aged 29] was appointed 585th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 26].

In 1767 Henry Frederick Hanover 1st Duke Cumberland and Strathearn [aged 21] was appointed 587th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 28].

In 1768 George Spencer 4th Duke of Marlborough [aged 28] was appointed 588th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 29].

In 1769 Augustus Henry Fitzroy 3rd Duke Grafton [aged 33] was appointed 589th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 30].

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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In 1771 Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Marquess Stafford [aged 49] was appointed 590th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 32].

In 1771 Prince Frederick Hanover Duke of York [aged 7] was appointed 591st Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 32].

In 1772 Frederick North 2nd Earl Guildford [aged 39] was appointed 592nd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 33].

In 1778 Henry Howard 12th Earl Suffolk 5th Earl Berkshire [aged 38] was appointed 593rd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 39].

In 1778 William Nassau [aged 60] was appointed 594th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 39].

In 1778 Thomas Thynne 1st Marquess of Bath [aged 43] was appointed 595th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 39].

1782 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1782 King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 43] created new Garter Knights as follows:

596th King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 16],

597th Charles Lennox 3rd Duke Richmond [aged 46],

598th William Cavendish 5th Duke Devonshire [aged 34],

599th William Petty 1st Marquess Lansdowne [aged 44],

600th Charles Manners 4th Duke Rutland [aged 27].

1786 Creation of Garter Knights

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In 1788 John Frederick Sackville 3rd Duke Dorset [aged 42] was appointed 609th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1788 Hugh Percy 2nd Duke Northumberland [aged 45] was appointed 610th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49].

1790 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1790 King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] created new Garter Knights as follows:

611th Duke Ernest of Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 44],

612th Francis Osborne 5th Duke Leeds [aged 38],

613th John Pitt 2nd Earl Chatham [aged 33].

1793 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1793 King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 54] created new Garter Knights as follows:

614th James Cecil 1st Marquess Salisbury [aged 44],

615th John Fane 10th Earl of Westmoreland [aged 33],

616th Frederick Howard 5th Earl Carlisle [aged 44].

1794 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1797 Richard Howe 1st Earl Howe [aged 70] was appointed 620th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 58].

In 1799 George John Spencer 2nd Earl Spencer [aged 40] was appointed 621st Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 60].

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

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In 1799 John Jeffreys Pratt 1st Marquess Camden [aged 40] was appointed 622nd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 60].

In 1801 John Ker 3rd Duke Roxburghe [aged 60] was appointed 623rd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 62]..

1803 Creation of Garter Knights

In 1803 King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 64] created new Garter Knights as follows:

624th John Henry Manners 5th Duke Rutland [aged 25].

625th Philip Yorke 3rd Earl of Hardwicke [aged 45]. His brother Admiral Joseph Sydney Yorke [aged 34] stood in for the Earl at the investiture since the Earl was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland at the time and unable to be present.

1805 Creation of Garter Knights

On 17th January 1805...

Henry Charles Somerset 6th Duke Beaufort [aged 38] was appointed 626th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 66].

John Hamilton 1st Marquess Abercorn [aged 48] was appointed 627th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland.

In 1806 George Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Duke Sutherland [aged 47] was appointed 632nd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 67].

In 1807 Francis Ingram Seymour-Conway 2nd Marquess Hertford [aged 63] was appointed 633rd Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 68].

In 1807 William Lowther 1st Earl Lonsdale [aged 49] was appointed 634th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 68].

In 1810 Richard Wellesley 1st Marquess Wellesley [aged 49] was appointed 635th Knight of the Garter by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 71].

In 1812 Francis Rawdon-Hastings 1st Marquess Hastings [aged 57] was appointed 638th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49] during the Regency.

In 1812 Henry Pelham-Clinton 4th Duke Newcastle-under-Lyne [aged 26] was appointed 639th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49] during the Regency.

In 1812 Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond [aged 47] was appointed 636th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49] during the Regency.

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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In 1812 Francis Charles Seymour-Conway 3rd Marquess Hertford [aged 34] was appointed 657th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49].

In 1812 James Graham 3rd Duke Montrose [aged 56] was appointed 637th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 49] during the Regency.

In 1813 Alexander Holstein Gottorp Romanov [aged 35] was appointed 641st Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 50] during the Regency.

In 1813 Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington [aged 43] was appointed 640th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 50] during the Regency.

In 1814 William Orange Nassau I Prince Orange [aged 41] was appointed 648th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency.

In 1814 Frederick William III King Prussia [aged 43] was appointed 644th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency..

In 1814 Francis Lorraine II Holy Roman Emperor [aged 45] was appointed 643rd Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency, at Vienna [Map].

In 1814 Robert Jenkinson 2nd Earl Liverpool [aged 43] was appointed 645th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency.

In 1814 Ferdinand VII King Spain [aged 29] was appointed 647th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency.

In 1814 Robert Stewart 1st Marquess Londonderry [aged 74] was appointed 646th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency.

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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In 1814 Louis XVIII King France [aged 58] was appointed 642nd Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 51] during the Regency.

In 1816 King Leopold I of Belgium [aged 25] was appointed 649th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 53] during the Regency.

In 1817 Henry Bathurst 3rd Earl Bathurst [aged 54] was appointed 650th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 54] during the Regency.

In 1818 Henry William Paget 1st Marquess Anglesey [aged 49] was appointed 651st Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 55] during the Regency.

In 1819 Hugh Percy 3rd Duke Northumberland [aged 33] was appointed 652nd Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 56] during the Regency.

In 1822 Frederick VI King of Denmark and Norway [aged 53] was appointed 654th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 59].

In 1822 George Cholmondeley 1st Marquess Cholmondeley [aged 72] was appointed 656th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 59].

On 16th July 1823 Thomas Thynne 2nd Marquess of Bath [aged 58] was appointed 658th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 60].

In 1826 Charles Sackville 5th Duke Dorset [aged 58] was appointed 660th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 63].

In 1827 Brownlow Cecil 2nd Marquess Exeter [aged 31] was appointed 664th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 64].

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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In 1827 William Cavendish 6th Duke Devonshire [aged 36] was appointed 663rd Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 64].

In 1827 George William Frederick Osborne 6th Duke Leeds [aged 51] was appointed 662nd Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 64].

In 1829 George Ashburnham 3rd Earl Ashburnham [aged 68] was appointed as 666th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 66].

In 1829 Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond [aged 37] was appointed 665th Knight of the Garter by King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 66].

In 1830 John Russell 6th Duke Bedford [aged 63] was appointed 669th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 64].

In 1831 Charles Grey 2nd Earl Grey [aged 66] was appointed 670th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 65].

In 1834 Bernard Howard 12th Duke of Norfolk [aged 68] was appointed 672nd Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 68].

In 1834 George Henry Fitzroy 4th Duke Grafton [aged 73] was appointed 673rd Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 68].

In 1835 Walter Scott 5th Duke Buccleuch 7th Duke Queensberry was appointed 674th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 69].

In 1835 Prince George Hanover 2nd Duke Cambridge [aged 15] was appointed 676th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 69].

On 15th August 1835 George V King Hanover [aged 16] was appointed 675th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 69].

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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In 1836 Alexander Hamilton 10th Duke Hamilton 7th Duke Brandon [aged 68] was appointed 677th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 70].

In 1836 Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 3rd Marquess Lansdowne [aged 55] was appointed 678th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 70].

In 1837 George Howard 6th Earl Carlisle [aged 63] was appointed 679th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 71].

In 1837 Edward Seymour 11th Duke of Somerset [aged 61] was appointed 680th Knight of the Garter by King William IV of the United Kingdom [aged 71].

On 16th July 1838 Ernest Saxe Coburg Gotha I Duke Saxe Coburg Gotha [aged 54] was appointed 682nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 19].

In 1839 William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland [aged 72] was appointed 684th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 19].

In 1839 Edward Smith-Stanley 13th Earl of Derby [aged 63] was appointed 683rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 19].

On 16th December 1839 Prince Albert Saxe Coburg Gotha [aged 20] was appointed 685th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 20].

In 1841 George Sutherland Leveson-Gower 2nd Duke Sutherland [aged 54] was appointed 686th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 21].

In 1841 Robert Grosvenor 1st Marquess Westminster [aged 73] was appointed 687th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 21].

1842 Appointment of Garter Knights

1844 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1844 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 24] appointed Knights of the Garter:

694th. King Louis Philippe I of France [aged 70].

695th. Ernest Saxe Coburg Gotha II Duke Saxe Coburg Gotha [aged 25].

696th. Thomas de Grey 2nd Earl de Grey [aged 62].

697th. James Hamilton 1st Duke of Abercorn [aged 32].

698th. Charles Chetwynd-Talbot 2nd Earl Talbot [aged 66].

699th. Edward Herbert 2nd Earl Powis [aged 58].

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1846 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1846 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 26] appointed Knights of the Garter:

700th. George Pratt 2nd Marquess Camden [aged 46].

701st. Richard Seymour-Conway 4th Marquess Hertford [aged 45].

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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On 26th March 1847 Francis Russell 7th Duke Bedford [aged 58] was appointed 702nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 27].

In 1848 Henry Charles Howard 13th Duke of Norfolk [aged 56] was appointed 703rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 28].

In 1849 George William Villiers 4th Earl Clarendon [aged 48] was appointed 704th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 29].

In 1849 Frederick Spencer 4th Earl Spencer [aged 50] was appointed 705th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 29].

1851 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1851 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 31] appointed two Knights of the Garter:

706th Constantine Phipps 1st Marquess Normanby [aged 53].

707th Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam 5th and 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam [aged 64].

In 1853 Charles William Vane 3rd Marquess Londonderry [aged 75] was appointed 709th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 33].

In 1853 Algernon Percy 4th Duke Northumberland [aged 60] was appointed 708th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 33].

1855 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1855 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 35] appointed five Knights of the Garter:

709th George Howard 7th Earl Carlisle [aged 52].

711th Francis Leveson Gower aka Egerton 1st Earl Ellesmere [aged 54].

712th George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl Aberdeen [aged 70].

713th Emperor Napoléon III [aged 46].

714th King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia [aged 34].

1856 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1856 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 36] appointed three Knights of the Garter:

715th Hugh Fortescue 2nd Earl Fortescue [aged 72].

716th Henry John Temple 3rd Viscount Palmerston [aged 71].

717th Sultan Abdulmejid I [aged 32].

1857 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1857 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 37] appointed two Knights of the Garter:

718th Granville Leveson-Gower 2nd Earl Granville [aged 41].

719th Richard Grosvenor 2nd Marquess Westminster [aged 61].

1858 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1858 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 38] appointed five Knights of the Garter:

720th Frederick III King Prussia [aged 26].

721st Arthur Wellesley 2nd Duke Wellington [aged 50].

722nd William Cavendish 7th Duke Devonshire [aged 49].

723rd King Pedro V of Portugal [aged 20].

724th The Prince of Wales [aged 16].

1859 Appointment of Garter Knights

In 1859 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 39] appointed two Knights of the Garter:

725th Dudley Ryder 2nd Earl of Harrowby [aged 60].

726th Edward Smith-Stanley 14th Earl of Derby [aged 59].

On 17th December 1860 Henry Pelham-Clinton 5th Duke Newcastle-under-Lyne [aged 49] was appointed 727th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 41].

In 1861 William I King Prussia [aged 63] was appointed 728th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 41]..

1862 Appointment of Garter Knights

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On 10th June 1863 Prince Alfred Windsor [aged 18] was appointed 736th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 44].

After 10th June 1863 George Leveson-Gower 3rd Duke Sutherland [aged 34] was appointed 738th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 44].

After 10th June 1863 Henry George Grey 3rd Earl Grey [aged 60] was appointed 737th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 44].

In 1864 Henry Thomas Petty-Fitzmaurice 4th Marquess Lansdowne [aged 47] was appointed 740th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 44].

On 25th May 1864 George William Frederick Brudenell 2nd Marquess Ailesbury [aged 59] was appointed 739th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 45].

In 1865 John Poyntz Spencer 5th Earl Spencer [aged 30] was appointed 741st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 45].

Deeds of King Henry V

Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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In 1865 Louis Hesse Darmstadt III Grand Duke [aged 58] was appointed 745th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 45].

In 1865 Francis Thomas Cowper 7th Earl Cowper [aged 30] was appointed 746th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 45].

In 1865 King Christian IX of Denmark [aged 46] was appointed 744th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 45]..

In 1866 Prince Frederick Christian Oldenburg [aged 34] was appointed 749th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 46].

In 1866 King Leopold II of Belgium [aged 30] was appointed 748th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 46].

The Times. 3rd February 1866. Her Majesty [aged 46] drove out yesterday morning and afternoon. Mr. Engleheart arrived at Osborne on Thursday, and had the honour of dining with Her Majesty and the Royal family yesterday. The Queen held a Council today, which was attended by Earl Russell [aged 73], Earl de Grey and Ripon [aged 38], and Mr. Guschen.

Mr. Helps was Clerk of the Council.

Earl Cowley [aged 61], Viscount Sydney [aged 60], and Sir Charles Young [aged 70], Garter, arrived from London this morning. Lord Cowley was introduced by Lord Sydney, Lord Chamberlain (Sir Charles Young attending with the insignia of the Order of the Garter), and Her Majesty invested Lord Cowley with the Riband and Badge of the Garter.

Earl Russell and Earl de Grey had audiences of Her Majesty.

Note. On 3rd February 1866 Henry Richard Charles Wellesley 1st Earl Cowley was appointed 747th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

In 1867 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 48] was appointed 750th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

In 1867 Charles Manners 6th Duke Rutland [aged 51] was appointed 751st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

In 1867 Prince Arthur Windsor 1st Duke Connaught and Strathearn [aged 16] was appointed 753rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

In 1867 Henry Charles Fitzroy Somerset 8th Duke Beaufort [aged 43] was appointed 752nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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In 1868 John Winston Spencer-Churchill 7th Duke of Marlborough [aged 45] was appointed 757th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 48].

In 1869 George Frederick Samuel Robinson 1st Marquess Ripon [aged 41] was appointed 760th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 49].

In 1869 Leopold Saxe Coburg Gotha 1st Duke Albany [aged 15] was appointed 758th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 49].

In 1870 Hugh Lupus Grosvenor 1st Duke Westminster [aged 44] was appointed 761st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 50].

In 1872 Thomas Laurence Dundas 2nd Earl Zetland [aged 76] was appointed 763rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 52].

In 1873 Thomas Coke 2nd Earl of Leicester [aged 50] was appointed 765th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 53].

In 1876 George I King Greece [aged 30] was appointed 766th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 56].

In 1878 Ernest Augustus Hanover 3rd Duke Cumberland and Teviotdale [aged 32] was appointed 769th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 58].

In 1878 Benjamin Disraeli Earl Beaconsfield [aged 73] was appointed 770th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 58].

In 1878 Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess Salisbury [aged 47] was appointed 771st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 58].

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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On 1st December 1880 Francis Russell 9th Duke Bedford [aged 61] was appointed 772nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 61].

In 1881 Alfonso XII King Spain [aged 23] was appointed 775th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 61].

In 1883 Augustus Charles Lennox Fitzroy 7th Duke Grafton [aged 61] was appointed 778th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 63].

In 1883 Prince Albert Victor "Eddy" Windsor [aged 18] was appointed 779th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 63].

In 1884 Edward Henry Stanley 15th Earl of Derby [aged 57] was appointed 781st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 64].

In 1884 George Douglas Campbell 8th Duke Argyll [aged 60] was appointed 780th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 64].

In 1884 King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 18] was appointed 782th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 64].

In 1885 William Compton 4th Marquess Northampton [aged 67] was appointed 784th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 65].

In 1885 William Molyneux 4th Earl Sefton [aged 49] was appointed 785th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 65].

In 1885 John Wodehouse 1st Earl Kimberley [aged 58] was appointed 783rd Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 65].

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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In 1886 Henry Fitzalan Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk [aged 38] was appointed 789th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 66].

In 1886 William Neville 1st Marquess Abergavenny [aged 59] was appointed 788th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 66].

In 1886 Algernon George Percy 6th Duke Northumberland [aged 75] was appointed 787th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 66].

In 1888 Charles Stewart Vane-Tempest-Stewart 6th Marquess Londonderry [aged 35] was appointed 791st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 68].

In 1891 John Manners [aged 72] was appointed 795th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 71].

In 1891 George Cadogan 5th Earl Cadogan [aged 50] was appointed 796th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 71].

In 1892 Spencer Cavendish 8th Duke Devonshire [aged 58] was appointed 799th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 72].

In 1892 James Hamilton 2nd Duke of Abercorn [aged 53] was appointed 800th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 72].

In 1892 Archibald Philip Primrose 5th Earl Rosebery 1st Earl Midlothian [aged 44] was appointed 801st Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 72].

In 1895 Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 5th Marquess Lansdowne [aged 49] was appointed 805th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 75].

In 1897 Frederick Arthur Stanley 16th Earl of Derby [aged 55] was appointed 808th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 77].

In 1897 William Scott 6th Duke Buccleuch 8th Duke Queensberry [aged 65] was appointed 809th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 77].

In 1899 Henry George Percy 7th Duke Northumberland [aged 52] was appointed 811th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 79].

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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In 1899 Victor Bruce 13th Earl Kincardine 9th Earl Elgin [aged 49] was appointed 810th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 79].

In 1900 William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 42] was appointed 812th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 80].

On 14th March 1901 Herbrand Arthur Russell 11th Duke Bedford [aged 43] was appointed 816th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 59].

In 1902 Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington [aged 52] was appointed 824th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 60].

On 30th May 1902 Herbrand Arthur Russell 11th Duke Bedford [aged 44] was invested 817th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 60]. at Buckingham Palace [Map].

In 1905 Charles Gordon-Lennox 7th Duke Richmond [aged 59] was appointed 829th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 63].

In 1906 Charles Robert Wynn-Carington 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire [aged 62] was appointed 832nd Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 64].

In 1908 William George Spencer Scott Compton 5th Marquess Northampton [aged 56] was invested 835th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 66].

In 1908 Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe Milnes 1st Marquess of Crewe [aged 49] was appointed 834th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 66].

In 1909 William Palmer 2nd Earl Selborne [aged 49] was invested 837th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 67].

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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In 1911 John Campbell 9th Duke Argyll [aged 65] was appointed 843rd Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 45].

On 19th June 1911 Alexander Duff 1st Duke Fife [aged 61] was appointed 838th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom.

In 1912 Edward Grey 1st Viscount Fallodon [aged 49] was appointed 846th Knight of the Garter by King Edward VII of the United Kingdom.

In 1913 Charles Robert Spencer 6th Earl Spencer [aged 55] was appointed 847th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

In 1915 Edward George Villiers Stanley 17th Earl of Derby [aged 49] was appointed 851st Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 49].

On 1st January 1915 Edwyn Scudamore Stanhope 10th Earl of Chesterfield [aged 60] was appointed 852nd Knight of the Garter.

In 1916 George Nathaniel Curzon 1st Marquess Kedleston [aged 56] was appointed 854th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 50].

In 1916 Charles Hardinge 1st Baron Penshurt [aged 57] was appointed 856th Knight of the Garter.

In 1916 King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 20] was appointed 857th Knight of the Garter.

In 1916 Victor Christian William Cavendish 9th Duke Devonshire [aged 47] was appointed 855th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 50].

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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In 1917 James Gascoyne-Cecil 4th Marquess Salisbury [aged 55] was appointed 858th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 51].

In 1917 Thomas Henry Thynne 5th Marquess of Bath [aged 54] was appointed 859th Knight of the Garter.

In 1918 Henry John Brinsley Manners 8th Duke Rutland [aged 65] was appointed 860th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 52].

In 1919 Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart 7th Marquess of Londonderry [aged 40] was appointed 861st Knight of the Garter.

In 1921 Henry Windsor 1st Duke Gloucester [aged 20] was appointed 863rd Knight of the Garter.

In 1921 Alfred Milner 1st Viscount Milner [aged 66] was appointed 862nd Knight of the Garter.

In 1922 Henry Lascelles 6th Earl Harewood [aged 39] was appointed 864th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 56].

In 1922 Arthur James Balfour 1st Earl Balfour [aged 73] was appointed 865th Knight of the Garter.

In 1923 Prince George Windsor 1st Duke Kent [aged 20] was appointed 866th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 57].

In 1924 Ferdinand "The Unfier" Hohenzollern Sigmaringen [aged 58] was appointed 867th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 58].

In 1925 Alan Ian Percy 8th Duke Northumberland [aged 44] was appointed 869th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 59].

In 1925 Herbert Henry Asquith 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith [aged 72] was appointed 870th Knight of the Garter.

Memoires of Jacques du Clercq

This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.

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In 1925 Edmund Bernard Fitzalan Howard 1st Viscount Fitzalan Derwent Derby [aged 69] was appointed 868th Knight of the Garter.

In 1928 James Albert Edward Hamilton 3rd Duke of Abercorn [aged 58] was appointed 873rd Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 62].

In 1928 Hugh Cecil Lowther 5th Earl Lonsdale [aged 70] was appointed 875th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 62]..

In 1929 Henry Lascelles 6th Earl Harewood [aged 46] was appointed 877th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 63].

In 1931 Edward Frederick Lindley Wood 1st Earl Halifax [aged 49] was appointed 878th Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 65].

In 1935 Charles Alfred Worsley Anderson 4th Earl Yarborough [aged 75] was appointed 881st Knight of the Garter by King George V of the United Kingdom [aged 69].

In 1937 Claude Bowes-Lyon 14th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne [aged 81] was appointed 886th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 41]. for being the Queen Consort's father.

In 1937 Bernard Fitzalan 16th Duke of Norfolk [aged 28] was appointed 884th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 41].

In 1937 Henry Hugh Arthur Fitzroy Somerset 10th Duke Beaufort [aged 36] was appointed 887th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 41].

In 1937 William Cecil 5th Marquess Exeter [aged 60] was appointed 885th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 41].

In 1937 George Herbert Hyde Villiers 6th Earl Clarendon [aged 59] was appointed 883rd Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 41].

On 28th May 1937 Stanley Baldwin 1st Earl Baldwin [aged 69] was appointed 888th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 41].

In 1938 George II King Hellenes [aged 47] was appointed 889th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 42]..

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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In 1938 King Carol II Hohenzollern Sigmaringen [aged 44] was appointed 890th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 42]..

In 1939 Paul Karađorđević [aged 45] was appointed 891st Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 43].

In 1942 Edward William Spencer Cavendish 10th Duke Devonshire [aged 46] was appointed 892nd Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 46].

In 1942 Lawrence John Lumley Dundas 2nd Marquess Zetland [aged 65] was appointed 893rd Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 46].

In 1943 Victor Alexander John Hope 2nd Marquess Linlithgow [aged 55] was appointed 894th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 47]..

In 1946 Charles Portal 1st Viscount Portal [aged 52] was appointed 899th Knight of the Garter.

In 1946 Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil 5th Marquess Salisbury [aged 52] was appointed 896th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 50].

In 1946 Field-Marshal Alan Brooke 1st Viscount Alanbrooke [aged 62] was appointed 898th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 50].

In 1946 Christopher Addison 1st Viscount Addison [aged 77] was appointed 895th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 50].

In 1948 Ralph Ormsby-Gore 3rd Baron Harlech was appointed 904th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 52].

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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In 1948 William Arthur Henry Cavendish-Bentinck 7th Duke Portland [aged 54] was appointed 903rd Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 52].

In 1950 Robert Anthony Eden 1st Earl Avon [aged 52] was appointed 915th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [aged 23].

In 1951 Wentworth Henry Canning Beaumont 2nd Viscount Allendale [aged 60] was appointed 909th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 55].

In 1951 Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington [aged 65] was appointed 907th Knight of the Garter by King George VI of the United Kingdom [aged 55].

In 1954 Rupert Edward Cecil Lee Guinness 2nd Earl Iveagh [aged 79] was appointed 916th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [aged 27].

In 1962 John Loder 2nd Baron Wakehurst [aged 66] was appointed 926th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [aged 35].

In 1972 Evelyn Baring 1st Baron Howick [aged 68] was appointed 946th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [aged 45].

In 1974 John Henry Guy Neville 5th Marquess Abergavenny [aged 59] was appointed 951st Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

In 1988 Philip Lever 3rd Viscount Leverhulme [aged 72] was appointed 968th Knight of the Garter.

In April 1990 Arthur Valerian Wellesley 8th Duke Wellington [aged 74] was appointed 972nd Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [aged 63].