Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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1254 Wedding of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile
1269 Translation of the Relics of Edward the Confessor
On 21st June 1221 [his father] King Alexander II of Scotland and Joan Plantagenet Queen of Scotland were married at York Minster. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of King John of England and Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England. He the son of [his grandfather] King William I of Scotland and [his grandmother] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland.
In 1239 [his father] King Alexander II of Scotland and [his mother] Marie Coucy were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. He the son of [his grandfather] King William I of Scotland and [his grandmother] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland.
On 4th September 1241 King Alexander III of Scotland was born to [his father] King Alexander II of Scotland and [his mother] Marie Coucy at Roxburgh Castle, Roxburgh.
On 6th July 1249 [his father] King Alexander II of Scotland died at Kerrera. He was buried at Melrose Abbey, Melrose. King Alexander III of Scotland succeeded King Scotland.
On 13th July 1249 King Alexander III of Scotland was crowned III King Scotland at Scone Abbey.
On 25 or 26th December 1251 King Alexander III of Scotland and Margaret Queen of Scotland were married at York Minster. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. The couple \remained in York until Jan 1252 after which they travelled to Edinburgh. She the daughter of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England. He the son of King Alexander II of Scotland and Marie Coucy.
On 1st November 1254 [his brother-in-law] King Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England were married at Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas. She the daughter of Ferdinand III King Castile III King Leon and Joan Dammartin Queen Consort Castile and Leon. He the son of [his father-in-law] King Henry III of England and [his mother-in-law] Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England.
Liber de Antiquis Legibus 1255. 15th August 1255. In the same year, the King of Scotland and his [his wife] Queen, daughter of the King of England, came into England, and, on the Assumption of Saint Mary [15 August] were with his lordship the King at Wudestok; upon which day, the said King held a great and most noble Court, nearly all his Earls and Barons being present.
Liber de Antiquis Legibus 1255. 29th August 1255. After this, on the Sunday before the Decollation of Saint John [29 August] the King of Scotland and his [his wife] Queen came to London, the City being decorated and hung with tapestry.
On 28th February 1261 [his daughter] Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway was born to King Alexander III of Scotland and [his wife] Margaret Queen of Scotland. She married 31st August 1281 Eric II King Norway, son of King Magnus VI of Norway and Queen Ingeborg of Norway, and had issue.
On 21st January 1264 [his son] Alexander Dunkeld Prince Scotland was born to King Alexander III of Scotland and [his wife] Margaret Queen of Scotland at Jedburgh. He married 14th November 1282 Margaret Dampierre Countess Guelders, daughter of Guy Dampierre Count Flanders and Isabelle Luxemburg Countess Flanders.
On 4th August 1265 the army loyal to [his father-in-law] King Henry III of England, led by his son the future [his brother-in-law] King Edward I of England, supported by Gilbert "Red Earl" Clare 7th Earl Gloucester 6th Earl Hertford, Warin Basingburne and John Giffard 1st Baron Giffard Brimpsfield defeated the rebel army of Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Chester at the Battle of Evesham.
Roger Leybourne fought and reputedly saved the King's life.
Adam Mohaut rescued the King.
Alan de Plugenet of Kilpec fought for the King.
Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Chester was killed. Earl of Leicester, Earl Chester forfeit. His son Henry Montfort was also killed.
Hugh Despencer was killed by Roger Mortimer 1st Baron Mortimer of Wigmore. Baron Despencer extinct. It may not have been created as a hereditary barony.
Simon Beauchamp, Ralph Basset, William Devereux, Hugh Troyes, Richard Trussel, Peter Montfort, William Mandeville, William Crepping, William Birmingham, Guy Balliol and Thomas Astley were killed. Henry Hastings, Humphrey Bohun, Nicholas Segrave 1st Baron Segrave, John Vesci, John Fitzjohn and Guy Montfort Count Nola were captured.
John Vesci was wounded and taken prisoner.
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On 25th October 1265 [his brother-in-law] Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster was created 1st Earl of Leicester.
On 8th April 1269 [his brother-in-law] Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster and Aveline Forz 6th Countess Albemarle and Lancaster were married. She by marriage Countess Lancaster. She the daughter of William Forz 4th Earl Albemarle and Isabella Redvers 8th Countess Devon and Albemarle. He the son of [his father-in-law] King Henry III of England and [his mother-in-law] Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England.
On 13th October 1269 the remains of King Edward "The Confessor" of England were moved to a chapel east of the sanctuary in Westminster Abbey. King Alexander III of Scotland and [his wife] Margaret Queen of Scotland attended.
On 20th March 1272 [his son] David Dunkeld was born to King Alexander III of Scotland and [his wife] Margaret Queen of Scotland. He died aged nine in 1281.
On 16th November 1272 [his father-in-law] King Henry III of England died at Westminster. [his brother-in-law] King Edward I of England succeeded I King of England. Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England by marriage Queen Consort England.
On 19th August 1274 [his brother-in-law] King Edward I of England was crowned I King of England at Westminster Abbey. Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England was crowned Queen Consort England.
King Alexander III of Scotland and [his wife] Margaret Queen of Scotland attended.
On 26th February 1275 [his wife] Margaret Queen of Scotland died at Cupar Castle, Cupar. She was buried at Dunfermline Abbey.
In June 1281 [his son] David Dunkeld died at Stirling Castle. He was buried at Dunfermline Abbey.
On 31st August 1281 [his son-in-law] Eric II King Norway and Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway were married at Bergen. She the daughter of King Alexander III of Scotland and Margaret Queen of Scotland. He the son of King Magnus VI of Norway and Queen Ingeborg of Norway.
On 14th November 1282 Alexander Dunkeld Prince Scotland and Margaret Dampierre Countess Guelders were married. She the daughter of Guy Dampierre Count Flanders and Isabelle Luxemburg Countess Flanders. He the son of King Alexander III of Scotland and Margaret Queen of Scotland.
On 9th April 1283 [his granddaughter] Margaret "Maid of Norway" I Queen Scotland was born to [his son-in-law] Eric II King Norway and [his daughter] Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway at Tønsberg. Her mother died in childbirth and was buried at Tønsberg.
On 28th January 1284 [his son] Alexander Dunkeld Prince Scotland died at Lindores Abbey, Newburgh. He was buried at Dunfermline Abbey.
In 1285 [his mother] Marie Coucy died.
On 15th October 1285 King Alexander III of Scotland and Yolande of Dreux Duchess Brittany were married. The difference in their ages was 21 years. She the daughter of Robert Capet IV Count Dreux and Beatrice Montfort Countess Dreux. He the son of King Alexander II of Scotland and Marie Coucy.
On 19th March 1286 King Alexander III of Scotland died from a fall from a horse at Kinghorn Ness while riding in the dark to visit the [his wife] Queen at Kinghorn in Fife because it was her birthday the next day. [his granddaughter] Margaret "Maid of Norway" I Queen Scotland succeeded I Queen Scotland.
In or before 1295 Arthur II Duke Brittany and [his former wife] Yolande of Dreux Duchess Brittany were married. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. She the daughter of Robert Capet IV Count Dreux and [his former mother-in-law] Beatrice Montfort Countess Dreux. He the son of John II Duke Brittany and [his former sister-in-law] Beatrice Plantagenet.
On 2nd August 1330 [his former wife] Yolande of Dreux Duchess Brittany died.