Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Paternal Family Tree: Reginar aka Percy
Maternal Family Tree: Elizabeth Bettershorne 1353-1427
1461 Second Battle of St Albans
29th March 1461 Battle of Towton
1470 Earldom of Northumberland returned to the Percy Family
1474 Creation of Garter Knights
Before 1449 [his father] Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland [aged 27] and [his mother] Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland [aged 26] were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Richard Poynings and [his grandmother] Eleanor Berkeley Countess Arundel [aged 66]. He the son of Henry Percy 2nd Earl of Northumberland [aged 55] and Eleanor Neville Countess Northumberland [aged 51]. They were fifth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England.
Around 1449 Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland was born to [his father] Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland [aged 27] and [his mother] Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland [aged 27]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 30th December 1460 the Lancastrian army took their revenge for the defeats of the First Battle of St Albans and the Battle of Northampton at the Battle of Wakefield near Sandal Castle [Map]. The Lancastrian army was commanded by Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter [aged 30], Henry Beaufort 2nd or 3rd Duke of Somerset [aged 24] and [his father] Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland [aged 39], and included John Courtenay 7th or 15th Earl Devon [aged 25] and William Gascoigne XIII [aged 30], both knighted, and James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde [aged 40], John "Butcher" Clifford 9th Baron Clifford [aged 25], John Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby [aged 50], Thomas Ros 9th Baron Ros Helmsley [aged 33], Henry Roos and Thomas St Leger [aged 20].
The Yorkist army was heavily defeated.
Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York [aged 49] was killed. His son Edward [aged 18] succeeded 4th Duke York, 7th Earl March, 9th Earl of Ulster, 3rd Earl Cambridge, 9th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore.
Thomas Neville [aged 30], and Edward Bourchier were killed.
Father and son Thomas Harrington [aged 60] and John Harrington [aged 36] were killed, the former dying of his wounds the day after.
William Bonville 6th Baron Harington [aged 18] was killed. His daughter Cecily succeeded 7th Baroness Harington.
Thomas Parr [aged 53] fought in the Yorkist army.
Following the battle Richard Neville Earl Salisbury [aged 60] was beheaded by Thomas "Bastard of Exeter" Holland. William Bonville [aged 40] was executed.
Edmund York 1st Earl of Rutland [aged 17] was killed on Wakefield Bridge [Map] by John "Butcher" Clifford. Earl of Rutland extinct.
On 17th February 1461 the Lancastrian army defeated the Yorkist army at Second Battle of St Albans and rescued King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 39]. The Lancastrian army was commanded by Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter [aged 30] and included [his father] Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland [aged 39], John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 45], Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor [aged 26], Henry Roos and Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby [aged 33].
Thomas Ros 9th Baron Ros Helmsley [aged 33], William Tailboys 7th Baron Kyme [aged 46], John Talbot 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 12] and Thomas Tresham [aged 41] were knighted.
The Yorkist army included Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury [aged 32], [his uncle] William Fitzalan 9th or 16th Earl of Arundel [aged 43], John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 61] and Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex [aged 57]. John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu [aged 30] was captured. Robert Poynings [aged 42] and James Luttrell [aged 34] were killed.
John Grey [aged 29] was killed fighting for Lancaster. A death that was to have far reaching consequences; his widow Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England [aged 24] subsequently married King Edward IV of England [aged 18].
During the battle William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville [aged 68] and Thomas Kyriell [aged 65] were assigned to the protection of the King Henry VI. After the battle both were beheaded against all decent laws of battle.
William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville was beheaded. His great granddaughter Cecily succeeded 2nd Baroness Bonville.
Thomas Kyriell was beheaded.
William Cotton [aged 21] was killed.
On 29th March 1461 the Battle of Towton was a decisive victory for King Edward IV of England [aged 18] bringing to an end the first war of the Wars of the Roses. Said to be the bloodiest battle on English soil 28000 were killed mainly during the rout that followed the battle.
The Yorkist army was commanded by King Edward IV of England with John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 45], William Neville 1st Earl Kent [aged 56], William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 30] (knighted), Walter Blount 1st Baron Mountjoy [aged 45], Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex [aged 57], John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 23] and John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 61].
The Lancastrian army suffered significant casualties including [his uncle] Richard Percy [aged 35], Ralph Bigod Lord Morley [aged 50], John Bigod [aged 28], Robert Cromwell [aged 71], Ralph Eure [aged 49], John Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby [aged 51], John Beaumont [aged 33], Thomas Dethick [aged 61], Everard Simon Digby, William Plumpton [aged 25] and William Welles [aged 51] who were killed.
[his father] Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland [aged 39] was killed. Earl of Northumberland, Baron Percy of Alnwick, Baron Percy of Topcliffe forfeit.
Ralph Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 49] was killed. He was buried at the nearby Saxton church where his chest tomb is extant. Baron Dacre Gilsland extinct.
Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles [aged 55] was killed. His son Richard [aged 33] succeeded 7th Baron Welles.
The Lancastrian army was commanded by Henry Beaufort 2nd or 3rd Duke of Somerset [aged 25], Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter [aged 30], Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland and Andrew Trollope.
Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter was attainted after the battle; Duke Exeter, Earl Huntingdon forfeit.
Those who fought for the Lancaster included William Tailboys 7th Baron Kyme [aged 46], William Plumpton, John Sutton 1st Baron Dudley [aged 60], William Norreys [aged 20], Thomas Grey 1st Baron Grey of Richemont [aged 43], Robert Hungerford 3rd Baron Hungerford 1st Baron Moleyns [aged 30], John Talbot 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 12], Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby, Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers [aged 56], James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde [aged 40], John Butler 6th Earl Ormonde [aged 39], William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont [aged 22], Henry Roos and Thomas Tresham [aged 41]. Cardinal John Morton [aged 41] were captured.
John Heron of Ford Castle Northumberland [aged 45], Robert Dethick [aged 86], Andrew Trollope and his son David Trollope were killed.
In 1470 Marmaduke Constable [aged 13] was in the service of Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 21].
In 1470 Robert Constable [aged 46] was in the service of Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 21].
On 26th March 1470 John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu [aged 39] revoked his title of Earl of Northumberland so that the Earldom could be given to of the Percy family who were its traditional holders.
Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 21] was restored 4th Earl of Northumberland, 7th Baron Percy of Alnwick, 15th Baron Percy of Topcliffe. [his future wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 12] by marriage Countess of Northumberland.
A deeply unpopular move with the Neville family who had been longstanding enemies of the Percies in the North. He was created 1st Marquess Montagu instead. Possibly a consequence of the defection of Warwick the Kingmaker [aged 41] to the Lancastrian cause as evidenced by the Welles Rebellion earlier in the year.
Patent Rolls. 26th March 1470. Grant, during pleasure, to Henry Percy [aged 21], knight, of the custody of all honours, castles, lordships, manors, lands and other hereditaments and advowsons and patronages late of Henry, last earl of Northumberland, his father, in the counties of York, Cumberland, Lincoln, Leicester, Cambridge and Suffolk, the cities of London and York, the county of the city of York and the towns of Kyngeston on Hull and Newcastle on Tyne and in the king's hands by force of an act in Parliament at Westminster, 1 Edward IV, with power to collect and retain all rents, debts, services and profits due from the above to George, duke of Clarence, and Richard, earl of Warwick. By K.
English Historical Literature in the Fifteenth Century Appendix 13. On the 21st day of the same month of May [1471], King Edward [aged 29] returned to the City of London in noble triumph, having Margaret [aged 41], formerly queen, led before his army in a chariot. He rode through the middle of the city, with banners and standards unfurled, as though on a campaign or expedition undertaken against the aforementioned Kentish rebels. In his company at that time were: His brothers, the Dukes of Clarence [aged 21] and Gloucester [aged 18]; the Dukes of Norfolk [aged 46], Suffolk [aged 28], and Buckingham [aged 16]; the Earls of Northumberland [aged 22], Shrewsbury [aged 22], Rivers [aged 31], Essex [aged 67], Wiltshire [aged 43], and [his future brother-in-law] Pembroke [aged 20]. Among the barons and lords: Audley [aged 45], Stanley [aged 36], Grey of Ruthin [aged 17], the son and heir of the Earl of Kent [aged 54], Grey of Codnor [aged 36], Berners [aged 55], Cromwell1, Dacre2, Hastings [aged 59], Howard [aged 28]3, Dynham [aged 38], Cobham [aged 23], Mautravers [aged 21], the son and heir of [his uncle] Arundel [aged 53], Bourchier, Dudley [aged 70], Scrope [aged 33], and Ferrers [aged 16], along with many other nobles, knights, and esquires, and a greater number of mounted men than had ever been seen before.
Eodem mensis Maii die xxj rediit Rex Edwardus ad ciuitatem London, cum nobili triumpho, faciens secum adduci dictam Margaretam, olim reginam, in curru precedente exercitui. Et equitauit per medium ciuitatis, vexillis et standardis displicatis, tanquam in itinere et expedicione capta aduersus prefatos Kentenses, In cuius comitiva tune fuerunt duces de Clarence et Gloucester ipsius fratres; item duces de Northfolke et Southfolk, et de Bukyngham; item comites de Northumberland, de Shrovesbury, de Ryuers, de Essex, de Wyltshyre, de Pembroke; Barones, domini de Audeley, de Stanley, de Grey Ruthyn, films et heres de Comitis Cancie, de Grey Cotenor, de Barreners, de Cromwell, de Dacres, de Hastynges, de Howard, de Dynham, de Cobham, de Mautravers, filius et heres de Arundell, de Bourgcher, de Dudley, de Scrope, de Ferrers, cum aliis nobilibus, militibus et armigeris, ac multitudine equitum maiore quam ante sit visa.
Note 1. Unclear as to who this refers to since Ralph Cromwell 3rd Baron Cromwell died in 1456.
Note 2. Unclear as to who this refers to since Thomas Dacre 6th Baron Dacre Gilsland died in 1458, Ralph Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland died in 1461 and Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 47] was created Baron Dacre in either 1473 or 1482.
Note 3. We take this to refer to Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk, son of John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk, referring to his subsiduary title.
In 1474 King Edward IV of England [aged 31] appointed new Garter Knights:
209th Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel [aged 24].
210th William Parr [aged 40].
211th Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham [aged 19].
212th Federico Montefeltro [aged 51].
213th Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 25].
Before 14th January 1478 Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 29] and Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke and Anne Devereux [aged 48]. He the son of Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland and Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland [aged 56]. They were sixth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 14th January 1478 [his son] Henry Percy 5th Earl of Northumberland was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 29] and [his wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 20]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. He married before 1502 his third cousin once removed Katherine Spencer Countess Northumberland, daughter of Robert Spencer of Spencer Combe and Eleanor Beaufort Countess Ormonde, and had issue.
In 1479 [his son] Alan Percy was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 30] and [his wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 21]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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In 1480 [his son] Josceline Percy was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 31] and [his wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 22]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. He married before 1532 Margaret Frost and had issue.
In 1480 [his brother-in-law] Henry Scrope 6th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 12] and [his sister] Elizabeth Percy Baroness Scrope Bolton [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of [his father] Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland and [his mother] Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland [aged 58]. They were half second cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 21st September 1480 [his mother] Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland [aged 58] died at Raby Castle, County Durham [Map]. Her son Henry [aged 31] succeeded 6th Baron Poynings.
The Gentleman's Magazine Volume 101. This last entry is by a second hand; but at folio 73 of the same MS. we meet with a more correct notice of this Princess's [Bridget York] birth, to which is added the ceremonial of her Christening, and as it is short, and has never been noticed, I shall transcribe it here.
Md that in the yere of our lorde Ml iiije iiijxx And the xxth yere of the Reigne of Kinge Edwarde the iiijth on Sainte Martyns even, was Borne the lady Brigette, And Cristened on the morne on Sainte Martyns daye [11th November 1480] In the Chappell' of Eltham, by the Busshoppe of Chichester in order As ensuethe.
Furste C Torches borne by Knightes, Esquiers, and other honneste Parsonnes.
The Lorde Matreuers [aged 30], Beringe the Basen, Havinge A Towell' aboute his necke.
Therle of Northumberlande [aged 31] beringe A Taper not light'.
Therle of Lincolne [aged 18] the Salte.
The Canapee borne by iij Knightes and A Baron.
My lady Matrauers [aged 26] dyd bere A Ryche Crysom Pynned Ouer her lefte breste.
The Countesse of Rychemond [aged 37] did Bere The Princesse.
My lorde Marques Dorsette [aged 25] Assisted her.
My lady the Kinges Mother [aged 65], and my lady Elizabethe [aged 14], were godmothers at the Fonte.
The Busshoppe of Winchester [aged 82] Godfather.
And in the Tyme of the christeninge, The officers of Armes caste on theire cotes.
And then were light' all' the foresayde Torches.
Presente, theise noble men enseuenge.
The Duke of Yorke [aged 7].
The lorde Hastinges [aged 49], the Kinges chamberlayn.
The lorde Stanley [aged 45], Stewarde of the Kinges house.
The lorde Dacres [aged 65] the quenes chamberlein, and many other astates.
And when the sayde Princesse was christened, A Squier helde the Basens to the gossyppes, and even by the Fonte my lady Matravers was godmother to the conformacion.
And from thens she was borne before the high' aulter, And that Solempnitee doon she was Borne eftesonys into her Parclosse,1 Accompenyed wt the Astates Aforesayde.
And the lorde of Sainte Joanes brought' thither A Spice plate.
And At the sayde Parclose the godfather and the godmother gaue greate gyftes to the sayde princesse.
Whiche gyftes were borne by Knightes and esquiers before the sayde Princesse, turneng to the quenes chamber Againe, well' Accompanyed As yt Apperteynethe, and after the custume of this Realme. Deo gr'as.
It must be remarked, that the above memoranda confirm the order of the births of King Edward's children, as stated by Mr. Nicolas, and prove Sandford to have been mistaken. The name of George of Shrewsbury, the third son of Edward, is omitted, and the date of his birth is unknown; but on making an excavation in St. George's Chapel, at Windsor, in 1810, his body was found in a leaden coffin, and an inscription, partly obliterated, which fixes his death to March, 1473. Lysons's Berksh. p. 471.
Yours, & c.
F. M.
Note 1. "Parclos to parte two roumes, separation." — Palsgrave.
In August 1481 Marmaduke Constable [aged 24] was knighted by Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 32].
In 1483 [his son] Arundel Percy was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 34] and [his wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 25]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 6th July 1483 King Richard III of England [aged 30] and his wife Anne Neville [aged 27] at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Duke Gloucester, Earl Richmond forfeit merged with the Crown. Cardinal Thomas Bourchier [aged 65] officiated. Anne Neville Queen Consort England by marriage Queen Consort England.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 58] was appointed Lord High Steward. William Brandon [aged 58], Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel [aged 33], Thomas St Leger [aged 43], Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 50], Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England [aged 46], Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk [aged 39], Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney [aged 32] and Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 59] attended.
Robert Dymoke [aged 22] attended as the Kings' Champion.
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 66] carried The Pointed Sword of Justice. Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] carried the Crown. Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 27] carried the Third Sword of State. John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk [aged 40] carried the Sceptre. John de la Pole Earl Lincoln 1st [aged 21] carried the Cross and Ball. Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham [aged 28] carried the king's train. Edward Stafford 2nd Earl Wiltshire [aged 13] bore the Queen's Crown.
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 48] carried the Lord High Constable's Mace. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond [aged 40] held Queen Anne's train. Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 34] carried The Blunt Sword of Mercy. Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby [aged 30] was appointed Knight of the Bath.
Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland attended.
Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York [aged 68] refused to attend the Coronation of King Richard III. History doesn't record her reason.
In 1484 [his brother-in-law] William Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Huntingdon [aged 32] and Katherine York Countess Huntingdon [aged 13] were married. She by marriage Countess Huntingdon. She the illegitmate daughter of King Richard III of England [aged 31]. He the son of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke and [his mother-in-law] Anne Devereux [aged 54]. They were sixth cousins.
Before 1485 George Grey 2nd Earl Kent [aged 30] and [his sister-in-law] Katherine Herbert Countess Kent [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke and [his mother-in-law] Anne Devereux [aged 54]. He the son of Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 68] and [his aunt] Katherine Percy. They were sixth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 27th July 1485 [his wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 27] died.
On 27th July 1485 [his daughter] Anne Percy Countess Arundel was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 36] and [his wife] Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland [aged 27]. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She married 15th February 1510 her half second cousin William Fitzalan 11th or 18th Earl of Arundel, son of Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel and Margaret Woodville Countess Arundel, and had issue.
On 22nd August 1485 King Richard III of England [aged 32] was killed during the Battle of Bosworth. His second cousin once removed Henry Tudor [aged 28] succeeded VII King of England.
Humphrey Cotes [aged 35] died. It isn't clear on which side he was fighting.
Those supporting Henry Tudor included:
John Blount 3rd Baron Mountjoy [aged 35].
John Cheney 1st Baron Cheyne [aged 43].
Richard Guildford [aged 35].
Walter Hungerford [aged 21].
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 50].
Edward Woodville Lord Scales [aged 29].
Edward Courtenay 1st Earl Devon [aged 26].
Rhys ap Thomas Deheubarth [aged 36].
Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford [aged 53].
William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont [aged 47].
Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney [aged 34].
William Stanley [aged 50].
Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley [aged 52].
Henry Marney 1st Baron Marney [aged 38].
William Brandon [aged 29] was killed.
James Harrington [aged 55] was killed.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 60] was killed and attainted. He was buried firstly at Thetford Priory, Norfolk [Map] and therafter at Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. Duke Norfolk, Baron Mowbray, Baron Segrave, Baron Howard forfeit.
John Sacheverell [aged 85] was killed.
Philibert Chandee 1st Earl Bath
William Norreys [aged 44], Gilbert Talbot [aged 33], John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford [aged 42] and John Savage [aged 41] commanded,.
Robert Poyntz [aged 35] was knighted.
Those who fought for Richard III included:
John Bourchier 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby [aged 47].
John Conyers [aged 74].
Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 17].
William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley [aged 59].
Richard Fitzhugh 6th Baron Fitzhugh [aged 28].
John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 48].
Thomas Scrope 6th Baron Scrope of Masham [aged 26].
Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor [aged 50].
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 68].
Ralph Neville 3rd Earl of Westmoreland [aged 29].
John de la Pole Earl Lincoln 1st [aged 23].
Humphrey Stafford [aged 59].
George Talbot 4th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 17].
Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 42] was wounded, captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map] for three years. He was attainted; Earl Surrey forfeit.
Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 29] fought and escaped.
John Zouche 7th Baron Zouche Harringworth [aged 26] was captured.
John Babington [aged 62], William Alington [aged 65], Robert Mortimer [aged 43], Robert Brackenbury, Richard Ratclyffe [aged 55] and Richard Bagot [aged 73] were killed
Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 53] was killed.
William Catesby [aged 35] was executed at Leicester, Leicestershire [Map] after the battle.
George Stanley 9th Baron Strange Knockin 5th Baron Mohun Dunster [aged 25] held as a hostage by Richard III before the Battle of Bosworth.
Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 36] betrayed King Richard III of England by not committing his forces at the Battle of Bosworth.
John Iwardby [aged 35] was killed.
On 28th April 1489 Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 40] was hanged at Cockledge or Blackmoor near York [Map] by the rebels when attempting to collect the tax. He was buried at Beverley Minster [Map].
[his son] Henry Percy 5th Earl of Northumberland [aged 11] succeeded 5th Earl of Northumberland, 8th Baron Percy of Alnwick, 16th Baron Percy of Topcliffe, 7th Baron Poynings. He, Henry, 5th Earl, appears to have become a ward of King Henry VII since he was later married to King Henry's first cousin [his future daughter-in-law] Katherine Spencer [aged 12], daughter of Eleanor Beaufort Countess Ormonde [aged 57], probably as a means of ensuring Percy allegiance to the successors of the House of Lancaster i.e. Beaufort and Tudor.
The King then sent an army of 8000 north led by Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey [aged 46]. The rebels dispersed; their leader John à Chambre was hanged for treason. The rebels then chose John Percy [aged 30] as their leader. His leadership proved less than reliable; he eventually fled to the court of Margaret of York Duchess of Burgundy [aged 42] (sister of Edward IV and Richard III) who remained sympathetic to the Yorkist cause.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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Wriothesley's Chronicle [1508-1562]. 28th April 1489. Th' Earle of Northumberlande [aged 40] slayne in the Northe.c.
Note c. By the rebels, April 28th, 1489.
Historia Regis Henrici Septimi by Bernado Andrea. Meanwhile the northerners, attacking unawares one of their own, otherwise an illustrious man, outstanding in war and well deserving of royal majesty, the Earl of Northumberland1, because he supported the king’s cause, slew him. Concerning whose death we composed the verses that follow.
Interim boreales in quendam suum illustrem alioquin et bello præstantem ac de regia majestate benemeritum comitem Nortumbrorum, quia regis partes agebat, incautum invadentes trucidarunt. De cujus nece versus a nobis qui sequuntur editi sunt:
Note 1. Henry Percy, 1449-1489 [aged 40], succeeded to the Earldom of Northumberland on the death of his father in 1480. He was hanged on 28th April 1489 at Cockledge or Blackmoor, near York, by rebels during the Northern Rebellion whilst attempting to collect taxes.
In December 1489 [his son-in-law] Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham [aged 11] and Eleanor Percy Duchess Buckingham were married. She by marriage Duchess of Buckingham. The executors of her father Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland, who had been hanged by rebels during the Northern Rebellion earlier in the year, having paid King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 32] £4000 for the privilege. His father, Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham, had been hanged for treason in 1483. She the daughter of Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland and Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland. He the son of Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Catherine Woodville Duchess Buckingham and Bedford [aged 31]. They were third cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
[his daughter] Eleanor Percy Duchess Buckingham was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland and Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She married December 1489 her third cousin Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, son of Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Catherine Woodville Duchess Buckingham and Bedford, and had issue.
[his daughter] Elizabeth Percy was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland and Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
[his son] William Percy was born to Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland and Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. He married (1) Margaret Soothill (2) his sixth cousin Agnes Constable.
King Edward III of England 1312-1377
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster 1340-1399
Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland 1364-1425
Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland 1379-1440
John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby 1337-1388
Maud Percy Baroness Neville Raby
Kings Wessex: Great x 13 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 10 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 16 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 11 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 13 Grand Son of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 3 Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 12 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 19 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 14 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 17 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Idonia Clifford Baroness Percy 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Mary Plantagenet Baroness Percy 
Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Chaworth 
Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry "Hotspur" Percy 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville of Raby 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Euphemia Clavering Baroness Neville Raby 
7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Neville 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Audley 1st Baron Audley of Stratton Audley 
2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Audley Baroness Greystoke and Neville 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Iseult Mortimer 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
GrandFather: Henry Percy 2nd Earl of Northumberland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund Mortimer 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Mortimer 2nd Earl March 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Badlesmere Countess Northampton 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl of Ulster 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Montagu 1st Earl Salisbury 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Philippa Montagu Countess March
Great x 4 Grandmother: Catherine Grandison Countess of Salisbury
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Mortimer Baroness Camoys Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward III of England 
Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence 
Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 2nd Countess Ulster Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Donn Burgh 3rd Earl of Ulster 
Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Burgh Duchess of Clarence 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Plantagenet Countess Ulster Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Father: Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville of Raby 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Euphemia Clavering Baroness Neville Raby 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Audley 1st Baron Audley of Stratton Audley 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Audley Baroness Greystoke and Neville 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Iseult Mortimer 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy 9th and 1st Baron Percy
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Fitzalan Baroness Percy 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Maud Percy Baroness Neville Raby 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Clifford 1st Baron Clifford 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Idonia Clifford Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Clare Baroness Clifford Baroness Welles 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
GrandMother: Eleanor Neville Countess Northumberland Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward II of England Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of France Queen Consort England 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William of Avesnes I Count Hainaut III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland 4 x Great Grand Son of King Stephen I England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainaut 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland 
Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Giles "Payne" Roet 
Great x 2 Grandmother: Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster
Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland 3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Poynings 1st Baron Poynings 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Michael Poynings 1st Baron Poynings
Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Poynings 3rd Baron Poynings
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Rokesley
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Rokesley Baroness Poynings
Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Poynings 4th Baron Poynings 9 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Grey 2nd Baron Grey of Codnor 
6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Grey 1st Baron Fitzpayn 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Fitzpayn Baroness Grey Codnor 
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabel Grey Baroness Poynings 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Guy de Bryan
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Brienne Baroness Fitzpayn
GrandFather: Richard Poynings 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Grey 1st Baron Grey Ruthyn 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Reginald Grey 2nd Baron Grey Ruthyn 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Hastings Baroness Grey Ruthyn 
6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Reginald Grey 3rd Baron Grey Ruthyn 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Strange 2nd Baron Strange Blackmere 
3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alianore Strange Baroness Grey Ruthyn 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ankaret Boteler Baroness Strange Blackmere 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Eleanor Grey Baroness Poynings 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Ros 2nd Baron Ros Helmsley 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Ros 4th Baron Ros Helmsley 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margery Badlesmere Baroness Ros of Helmsley 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Ros Baroness Grey Ruthyn 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford 
7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Beatrice Stafford Countess Desmond 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Audley Countess Stafford Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Mother: Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Berkeley 6th and 1st Baron Berkeley 
Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Maurice Berkeley 7th and 2nd Baron Berkeley 2 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Ferrers Baroness Berkeley 
4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Berkeley 8th and 3rd Baron Berkeley 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Eudo Zouche 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eva Zouche
Great x 4 Grandmother: Millicent Cantilupe 
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Berkeley 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Clivedon
Great x 2 Grandmother: Katherine Clivedon Baroness Berkeley
GrandMother: Eleanor Berkeley Countess Arundel 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Bettershorne