Annals of the six Kings of England by Nicholas Trivet
Translation of the Annals of the Six Kings of England by that traces the rise and rule of the Angevin aka Plantagenet dynasty from the mid-12th to early 14th century. Written by the Dominican scholar Nicholas Trivet, the work offers a vivid account of English history from the reign of King Stephen through to the death of King Edward I, blending political narrative with moral reflection. Covering the reigns of six monarchs—from Stephen to Edward I—the chronicle explores royal authority, rebellion, war, and the shifting balance between crown, church, and nobility. Trivet provides detailed insight into defining moments such as baronial conflicts, Anglo-French rivalry, and the consolidation of royal power under Edward I, whose reign he describes with particular immediacy. The Annals combines careful year-by-year reporting with thoughtful interpretation, presenting history not merely as a sequence of events but as a moral and political lesson. Ideal for readers interested in medieval history, kingship, and the origins of the English state, this chronicle remains a valuable and accessible window into the turbulent world of the Plantagenet kings.
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Paternal Family Tree: Hastings
Maternal Family Tree: Elizabeth Louches Baroness Camoys
1461 Battle of Mortimer's Cross
1461 Edward IV Rewards his Followers
1470 March 1470 Welles' Rebellion and Battle of Losecoat Field aka Empingham
14th April 1471 Battle of Barnet
4th May 1471 Battle of Tewkesbury
Before 1423 [his father] Leonard Hastings [aged 26] and [his mother] Alice Camoys were married.
In 1433 Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby was born to [his father] Leonard Hastings [aged 37] and [his mother] Alice Camoys at York Castle [Map].
On 20th October 1455 [his father] Leonard Hastings [aged 59] died at Kirkby, Leicestershire.
Between 30th December 1460, when her first husband William Bonville 6th Baron Harington [aged 18] was killed at the Battle of Wakefield, and 6th February 1462, a date provided by Cockayne [his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 29] and [his sister-in-law] Katherine Neville Baroness Bonville and Hastings [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Baroness Hastings. She the daughter of Richard Neville Earl Salisbury [aged 60] and Alice Montagu 5th Countess of Salisbury [aged 53]. They were half fourth cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 2nd February 1461 at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross at Mortimer's Cross, Herefordshire [Map] the future King Edward IV of England [aged 18] commanded the Yorkist forces including [his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 30], John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 61], John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet [aged 35], John Savage [aged 17] and Roger Vaughan [aged 51].
In the Lancastrian army Owen Tudor [aged 61] (captured by Roger Vaughan) and his son Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford [aged 29] fought as well as James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde [aged 40] and Henry Roos. Gruffydd ap Nicholas Deheubarth [aged 68] were killed. Watkin Vaughan [aged 66] and Henry Wogan [aged 59] were killed.
Monument to the Battle of Mortimer's Cross at Mortimer's Cross, Herefordshire [Map]. Note Edward IV described as Edward Mortimer. The monument was erected by subscription in 1799.
Gruffydd ap Nicholas Deheubarth: In 1393 he was born to Nicolas ap Philip Deheubarth and Jonet Unknown at Sheffield [Map].
Watkin Vaughan: Around 1395 he was born to Roger Vaughan of Bredwardine and Gwladys ferch Dafydd Gam "Star of Abergavenny" Brecon. Around 1435 Watkin Vaughan and Elinor Wogan were married. The date based on his age being around twenty. The difference in their ages was 29 years.
Henry Wogan: In 1402 he was born to John Wogan at Wiston.
On 26th July 1461 [his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 30] was created 1st Baron Hastings for supporting King Edward IV of England [aged 19] in his claim to the throne.
Robert Ogle 1st Baron Ogle [aged 55] was created 1st Baron Ogle by King Edward IV of England for having been the principal Northumbrian gentleman to support the Yorkist cause.
On 18th May 1464 Robert Hungerford 3rd Baron Hungerford 1st Baron Moleyns [aged 33] was executed at Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland [Map] having been captured at the Battle of Hexham. He was buried at the Hungerford Chapel at Salisbury Cathedral [Map]. His daughter Mary Hungerford Baroness Hastings, 4th Baroness Hungerford, 5th Baroness Botreaux and 2nd Baroness Moleyns became the ward of [his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 33] whose son [his nephew] Edward Hastings 2nd Baron Hastings Baron Botreaux, Hungerford and Moleyns she subsequently married.
On 19th March 1470 Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles was beheaded at Doncaster [Map]. He was buried at Whitefriars Doncaster [Map]. Baron Welles forfeit. His sister [his future wife] Joan succeeded 9th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby. Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 37] by marriage Baron Willoughby de Eresby. He, Hastings, a favourite of King Edward IV of England [aged 27], younger brother of Edward's great friend William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 39].
Patent Rolls. 16th March 1475. Exemplification, at the request of William Broune of Staumford, Westminster. 'marchaunt,' of the tenour of an article in an act (English) of attaint in the Parliament summoned at Westminster on 6 October, 12 Edward IV. and continued by divers prorogations to 23 January, 14 Edward IV. ordaining that whereas Richard Welles late of Hellowe, co. Lincoln, knight, caused Robert Welles late of Hellowe, knight, and Thomas Delalaunde late of Horblyng, co. Lincoln, knight, and others to assemble together against the king and they made war against the king on 12 March, 10 Edward IV. in a field called 'Hornefeld' in Empyngham, co. Rutland, the said Richard, Robert and Thomas be convicted of high treason and forfeit all the possessions which they had on the said 12 March except the manors of Lilleford, co. Northampton, and Hokyngton, co. Cambridge, whereof Thomas FitzWilliam the elder and Thomas FltzWilliam the younger were seised to the same time that they made estate thereof to Jahne late the wife of Richard Hastynges [aged 42], knight, and heirs in fee and after the said Richard and Jahne sold the same manors to the said William and of the same levied a fine to the use of him and his heirs. [Rolls of Parliament, VI. 144.]
Before 1st June 1470 Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 37] and Joan Welles 9th Baroness Willoughby of Eresby were married.
Patent Rolls. 1st June 1470. Licence for Richard Hastynges [aged 37], esquire, and Joan his wife, daughter and Westminster, heiress of Richard Welles, knight, late lord Welles and Wyllughby, tenant in chief, and sister and heiress of Robert Welles, knight, son of the latter, tenant in chief, to enter freely in her right into all castles, lordships, lands, rents, reversions, services, fees, fee-farms, views of frank-pledge, courts leet, knights' fees, warrens, parks, fisheries, fairs, marRets, advowsons and other possessions late of Robert Willoughby, knight, late lord Willoughby, and Joan his daughter, which on the death of the said Richard Welles and Robert Welles should descend to her. By p.s.
On 14th April 1471 Edward IV [aged 28] commanded at the Battle of Barnet supported by his brothers George [aged 21] and Richard [aged 18], John Babington [aged 48], Wiliam Hastings [aged 40] (commanded), Ralph Hastings, William Norreys [aged 30], William Parr [aged 37], John Savage [aged 49], William Bourchier Viscount Bourchier [aged 41], Thomas St Leger [aged 31], John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet [aged 45], Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough [aged 40], John Scott [aged 48] and Thomas Strickland.
The Yorkists William Blount [aged 29], Humphrey Bourchier [aged 36], Henry Stafford [aged 46] and Thomas Parr were killed.
Humphrey Bourchier 1st Baron Cromwell [aged 40], was killed. Baron Cromwell extinct.
The Lancastrians...
Warwick the Kingmaker [aged 42] was killed. Earl Salisbury, Baron Montagu, Baron Montagu and Baron Monthermer forfeit on the assumption he was attainted either before or after his death; the date of his attainder is unknown. If not attainted the titles may have been abeyant between his two daughters Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence [aged 19] and Anne Neville Queen Consort England [aged 14].
John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu [aged 40] was killed. Marquess Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit; unclear as to when he was attainted. He was buried at Bisham Abbey [Map].
William Tyrrell was killed.
William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele [aged 43] was killed. His son Henry [aged 25] succeeded 3rd Baron Saye and Sele. Anne Harcourt Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter [aged 40] commanded the left flank, was badly wounded and left for dead, Henry Stafford and John Paston [aged 27] were wounded, John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford [aged 28] commanded, and John Paston [aged 29] and William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont [aged 33] fought.
Robert Harleston [aged 36] was killed.
Thomas Hen Salusbury [aged 62] was killed.
Thomas Tresham [aged 51] escaped but was subsequently captured and executed on the 6th of May 1471.
On 4th May 1471 King Edward IV of England [aged 29] was victorious at the 4th May 1471 Battle of Tewkesbury. His brother Richard [aged 18], Richard Beauchamp 2nd Baron Beauchamp Powick [aged 36], John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 46], George Neville 4th and 2nd Baron Abergavenny [aged 31], John Savage [aged 49], John Savage [aged 27], Thomas St Leger [aged 31], John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet [aged 45], Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough [aged 40] fought. William Brandon [aged 46], George Browne [aged 31], Ralph Hastings, Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 38], James Tyrrell [aged 16], Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley [aged 38] were knighted. William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 40] commanded.
Margaret of Anjou [aged 41] was captured. Her son Edward of Westminster Prince of Wales [aged 17] was killed. He was the last of the Lancastrian line excluding the illegitmate Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 11] whose line continues to the present.
John Courtenay 7th or 15th Earl Devon [aged 36] was killed and attainted. Earl Devon forfeit. Some sources refer to these titles as being abeyant?
John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock [aged 71] was killed. Baron Wenlock extinct.
John Delves [aged 49], John Beaufort [aged 30], William Vaux of Harrowden [aged 35] and Robert Whittingham [aged 42] were killed.
Edmund Beaufort [aged 32], Humphrey Tuchet [aged 37] and Hugh Courtenay [aged 44] were captured.
Henry Roos fought and escaped to Tewkesbury Abbey [Map] where he sought sanctuary. He was subsequently pardoned.
William Carey [aged 34] was killed.
Before 16th March 1475 [his wife] Joan Welles 9th Baroness Willoughby of Eresby died.
Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby [aged 22] de jure 10th Baron Willoughby de Eresby. Margaret Jenney Baroness Willoughby of Eresby [aged 15] by marriage Baroness Willoughby de Eresby.
King Edward IV of England [aged 32] had father and son [Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby and Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles] posthumously attainted some five years after the Welles' Rebellion [see Patent Rolls] to ensure Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 42] would continue to enjoy the benefit of the Welles' estates.
Another example of King Edward IV of England being somewhat disingenuous with the legal system to his own advantage. He, Edward was, in effect, disinheriting Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby who should have inherited Baron Willoughby de Eresby and John Welles 1st Viscount Welles [aged 25] who should have inherited Baron Welles following Joan's death.
Patent Rolls. 12th June 1475. Appointment of Richard Hastynges of Wellys [aged 42], knight, as surveyor of Canterbaiy. the office of constable of the king's castle of Notyngham, the offices of magistrate of divers forests, chaces, parks, woods, and game, the offices of divers stewardships and constableships and divers other offices which [his brother] William Hastynges of Hastynges [aged 44], knight, the king's chamberlain, has of the king's grant within the counties of Nottingham, Derby, Leicester, and Stafford, while the latter is beyond the seas with the king in his expedition to France. By K.
On 9th April 1483 King Edward IV of England [aged 40] died at Westminster [Map]. His son Edward [aged 12] succeeded V King of England. Those present included Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England [aged 46], [his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 52] and Thomas Grey 1st Marquess Dorset [aged 28].
On 17th April 1483 the coffin of Edward IV [deceased] was carried to Westminster Abbey [Map] by Edward Stanley 1st Baron Monteagle [aged 21], John Savage [aged 39], Thomas Wortley [aged 50], Thomas Molyneux [aged 38], probably John Welles 1st Viscount Welles [aged 33] who had married Edward's daughter Cecily), John Cheney 1st Baron Cheyne [aged 41], Walter Hungerford [aged 19], Guy Wolston [aged 50], John Sapcote [aged 35], Thomas Tyrrell [aged 30], John Risley, Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 15], John Norreys, Louis de Bretelles and John Comyn 4th Lord Baddenoch.
Those in the procession included:
Thomas St Leger [aged 43], widow of Edward's sister Anne.
William Parr [aged 49].
William Stonor [aged 33].
Henry Ferrers [aged 40].
James Radclyffe [aged 43].
George Browne [aged 43].
Gilbert Debenham [aged 51].
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 58] walked in front of the coffin with Edward's personal arms.
John Marlow Abbot Bermondsey followed by:
Bishop Thomas Kempe [aged 93].
Bishop John Hales [aged 83] (Bishop of Chester?).
Bishop Robert Stillington [aged 63].
Bishop William Dudley [aged 58].
Cardinal John Morton [aged 63] (as Bishop of Ely).
Bishop Edmund Tuchet [aged 40] (as Bishop of Rochester).
Bishop Peter Courtenay, and.
Bishop Lionel Woodville [aged 36].
Archbishop Thomas Rotherham [aged 59] brought up the rear.
Cardinal Thomas Bourchier [aged 65], then Archbishop of Canterbury, took no part due to infirmity.
John de la Pole Earl Lincoln 1st [aged 21]; the King's nephew,.
[his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 52].
Thomas Grey 1st Marquess Dorset [aged 28].
William Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Huntingdon [aged 32] (some sources say Earl of Huntingindon?).
William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley [aged 57].
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 48].
Richard Fiennes Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 68].
John Sutton 1st Baron Dudley [aged 82].
George Neville 4th and 2nd Baron Abergavenny [aged 43].
John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet [aged 57].
Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 51].
Edward Grey 1st Viscount Lisle [aged 51].
Henry Lovell 9th Baron Marshal 8th Baron Morley [aged 7].
Richard Woodville 3rd Earl Rivers [aged 30].
John Brooke 7th Baron Cobham [aged 35].
Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 50].
John Bourchier 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby [aged 45].
On 13th June 1483 Richard, Duke of Gloucester [aged 30], [future King Richard III] held a Council meeting at the Tower of London [Map] attended by [his brother] William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings [aged 52], Cardinal John Morton [aged 63], Archbishop Thomas Rotherham [aged 59] and Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham [aged 28]. During the course of the meeting Richard accused William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings, Cardinal John Morton and Archbishop Thomas Rotherham of treasonable conspiracy with the Queen [aged 46].
William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings was summarily beheaded at Tower Green, Tower of London [Map]. He was buried in North Aisle St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map] next to King Edward IV of England. His son [his nephew] Edward [aged 16] succeeded 2nd Baron Hastings.
Cardinal John Morton and Archbishop Thomas Rotherham were arrested.
On 6th July 1483 King Richard III of England [aged 30] and his wife Anne Neville [aged 27] at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Duke Gloucester, Earl Richmond forfeit merged with the Crown. Cardinal Thomas Bourchier [aged 65] officiated. Anne Neville Queen Consort England by marriage Queen Consort England.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 58] was appointed Lord High Steward. William Brandon [aged 58], Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel [aged 33], Thomas St Leger [aged 43], Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 50], Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England [aged 46], Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk [aged 39], Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney [aged 32] and Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 59] attended.
Robert Dymoke [aged 22] attended as the Kings' Champion.
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 66] carried The Pointed Sword of Justice. Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] carried the Crown. Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 27] carried the Third Sword of State. John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk [aged 40] carried the Sceptre. John de la Pole Earl Lincoln 1st [aged 21] carried the Cross and Ball. Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham [aged 28] carried the king's train. Edward Stafford 2nd Earl Wiltshire [aged 13] bore the Queen's Crown.
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 48] carried the Lord High Constable's Mace. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond [aged 40] held Queen Anne's train. Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 34] carried The Blunt Sword of Mercy. Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby [aged 30] was appointed Knight of the Bath.
Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland attended.
Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York [aged 68] refused to attend the Coronation of King Richard III. History doesn't record her reason.
Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
In 1503 Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby [aged 70] died at Greyfriars Church Farringdon Within [Map]. He was buried at Greyfriars Church Farringdon Within [Map].
Kings Wessex: Great x 11 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 15 Grand Son of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 17 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 15 Grand Son of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Kings England: Great x 9 Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Kings Scotland: Great x 10 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 19 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 12 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 16 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Nicholas Hastings 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Hugh Hastings
Great x 2 Grandfather: Nicholas Hastings
Great x 1 Grandfather: Ralph Hastings
Great x 2 Grandmother: Agnes Unknown
GrandFather: Ralph Hastings
Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Herle
Father: Leonard Hastings
Great x 4 Grandfather: Sayer III Sutton 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Sayer IV Sutton
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Sutton 1st Baron Sutton
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Ros 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Ros
Great x 4 Grandmother: Lucy Fitzpiers
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Sutton
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Sampson
Great x 2 Grandmother: Constantia Sampson Baroness Lexington
GrandMother: Maud Sutton
Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby 9 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ralph Camoys 1st Baron Camoys
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Camoys 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh Despencer 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Hugh "Elder" Despencer 1st Earl Winchester 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Aline Basset 
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Despencer Baroness Camoys 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Beauchamp 9th Earl Warwick 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Beauchamp
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maud Fitzjohn Countess Warwick
GrandFather: Thomas Camoys 1st Baron Camoys 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Latimer 1st Baron Latimer of Corby
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Latimer 2nd Baron Latimer of Corby
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alicia Ledet Baroness Latimer Corby
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Latimer 3rd Baron Latimer of Corby
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Latimer
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Botetort 1st Baron Botetort
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Botetort Baroness Latimer Corby
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Fitzotes
Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Fitzotes Baroness Botetort
Mother: Alice Camoys 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 1 Grandfather: William Louches
GrandMother: Elizabeth Louches Baroness Camoys